Iyini i-Android? Asikhulumi ngamarobhothi. Kulokhu, sikhuluma ngama-smartphone. I-Android iyisistimu yokusebenza yefoni yeselula esekelwe i-Linux eyenziwe yi-Google. Isistimu yokusebenza ye- Android (OS) inamandla amafoni, amawashi, ngisho nama-stereos emoto. Ake sihlolisise futhi sifunde ukuthi i-Android iyini ngempela.
Uhlelo lwe-Android Open-Source
I-Android iyiprojekti evulekile evuliwe kabanzi. I-Google iqale ngokuthuthukisa i-platform ye-Android kodwa inikeza ingxenye yayo mahhala kubakhiqizi be-hardware nabathwali befoni abafuna ukusebenzisa i-Android kumadivayisi wabo. U-Google kuphela ukhokhisa abakhiqizi uma befaka futhi ingxenye yezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Google ze-OS. Amadivayisi amaningi (kodwa hhayi wonke) asebenzisa i-Android futhi akhetha ingxenye yezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Google. Okunye okuphawulekayo yi-Amazon. Nakuba amaphilisi e-Kindle Fire asebenzisa i-Android, ayisebenzisi izingxenye ze-Google, futhi i-Amazon igcina isitolo esithile se-Android esitolo.
Ngaphandle kwefoni:
I-Android amandla amafoni namaphilisi, kodwa i-Samsung iye yazama ukuxhumeka kwe-Android kumadivayisi angewona ucingo njengamakhamera ngisho namafriji. I-Android TV isa yokudlala / ispredishithi yokusakaza esebenzisa i-Android. I-Parrot yenza ngisho nohlaka lwama-digital nesimiso se-stereo yemoto nge-Android. Amanye amadivayisi enza ngokwezifiso i-Android yomthombo ovulekile ngaphandle kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Google, ngakho-ke kungenzeka noma ungaboni i-Android uma uyibona.
Vula i-Handset Alliance:
I-Google yakha iqembu lama-hardware, isofthiwe, nezinkampani zokuxhumana zocingo ezibizwa nge-Open Handset Alliance ngenhloso yokufaka ekuthuthukisweni kwe-Android. Amalungu amaningi nawo anomgomo wokwenza imali kusuka ku-Android, noma ngokuthengisa amafoni, isevisi yocingo noma izinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula.
I-Google Play (i-Android Market):
Noma ubani angalanda i-SDK (isofthiwe yokuthuthukisa isofthiwe) bese ubhala izinhlelo zokusebenza zamafoni we-Android bese uqala ukuthuthukisa isitolo se- Google Play . Abathuthukisi abathengisa izinhlelo zokusebenza emakethe ye-Google Play bakhokhiswa cishe ngamanani angu-30% wokuthengisa kwabo emalini ehambayo ukuze balondoloze imakethe ye-Google Play. (Imodeli yokukhokha inhle kakhulu emakethe yokusabalalisa uhlelo lokusebenza.)
Amanye amadivayisi awafaki ukusekelwa kwe-Google Play futhi angasebenzisa enye imakethe. Ama-Kindle asebenzisa imakethe ye-app ye-Amazon, okusho ukuthi i-Amazon yenza imali kunoma yikuphi ukuthengisa kohlelo lokusebenza.
Abanikezeli Insizakalo:
I-iPhone iye yathandwa kakhulu, kodwa lapho iqala ukuqala, yayikuphela kwe-AT & T. I-Android iyipulatifomu evulekile. Izithwali eziningi zingase zinikeze amafoni anamandla a-Android, nakuba abakhiqizi bedivaysi bangase babe nesivumelwane esivumelwaneni nomphathi. Lokhu kuguquguquka kwenza i-Android ikhule ngokuphawulekayo njengesikhulumi.
Amasevisi we-Google:
Ngenxa yokuthi i-Google ithuthukise i-Android, iza nezinsiza eziningi zokusebenza ze-Google ezifakwe ngaphandle kwebhokisi. I-Gmail, i-Google Khalenda, i-Google Amamephu, ne-Google Now konke kufakwe ngaphambilini kumafoni amaningi we-Android. Noma kunjalo, ngoba i-Android ingashintshwa, abathwali bangakhetha ukushintsha lokhu. I-Verizon Wireless, isibonelo, iguqule amanye amafoni we-Android ukusebenzisa iBing njengenjini yokusesha okuzenzakalelayo. Ungasusa futhi i-akhawunti ye-Gmail uqobo.
Isikrini sokuthinta:
I-Android isekela isikrini sokuthinta futhi kunzima ukuyisebenzisa ngaphandle kweyodwa. Ungasebenzisa i-trackball ngokuhamba okuthile, kepha cishe yonke into yenziwa ngokuthinta. I-Android iphinde isekele ukuthinta okuthinta okuningi njenge-pinch-to-zoom. Lokho kusho ukuthi i-Android iguquguqukayo ngokwanele ukuthi ingase isekele ezinye izindlela zokufaka, njengezinjabulo (ze-Android TV) noma izikhibhodi zangokwenyama.
Ikhibhodi elithambile (ikhibhodi yeskrini) ezinhlelweni zamuva ze-Android isekela noma ngokuthinta izihluthulelo ngokwayo noma ukuhudula phakathi kwezinhlamvu ukupela amagama. I-Android bese uqagela lokho okushoyo futhi ugcwalise ngokuzenzakalelayo igama. Lokhu kusebenzelana kwesitayela sokudonsa kungase kubonakale kuhamba kancane ekuqaleni, kodwa abasebenzisi abanolwazi bakuthola ngokushesha kakhulu kunomyalezo wephepop-tapping.
Ukuhlukaniswa:
Ukugxeka okuvamile kwe-Android kungukuthi kuyisizinda esihlukanisiwe. Uhlaka lwesithombe sikaParrot, isibonelo, alufani neze kufoni ye-Android. Uma ngabe abathuthukisi bangitshele ukuthi bazosebenzisa i-Android, ngabe ngabe angikaze ngiyazi. Izithwali zefoni ezifana ne-Motorola, HTC, LG, Sony, ne-Samsung zengeze ukuxhumana kwazo komsebenzisi ku-Android futhi azikho izinhloso zokuyeka. Bazizwa ukuthi lihlukanisa brand yabo, nakuba abathuthukisi bavame ukuveza ukukhungatheka kwabo kokusekela ukuhlukahluka okuningi.
Okubalulekile:
I-Android iyi-platform ethakazelisayo yabathengi nabathuthukisi. Kuyinto ehlukile yefilosofi ye-iPhone ngezindlela eziningi. Lapho i-iPhone izama ukwakha isipiliyoni esingcono somsebenzisi ngokukhawulela amazinga wehadiwe nama-software, i-Android izama ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ngokuvula uhlelo oluningi lokusebenza ngangokunokwenzeka.
Lokhu kokubili kuhle nokubi. Izinguqulo ezahlukana ze-Android zinganikeza isipiliyoni somsebenzisi esiyingqayizivele, kodwa futhi sisho abasebenzisi abambalwa ukuhlukahluka ngalunye. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kunzima ukusekela abathuthukisi bezinhlelo zokusebenza, abenzi bokufinyelela, nabalobi bezobuchwepheshe (ahem). Ngenxa yokuthi ukuthuthukiswa kwe-Android ngayinye kuzomele kuguqulwe i-hardware ethize nokuthuthukiswa komsebenzisi wedivayisi ngayinye, okusho ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi eside amafoni we-Android aguquliwe ukuthola izibuyekezo.
Ukuhlukaniswa kuyaphazamisa eceleni, i-Android iyisiteji esinamandla esinezinye izingcingo ezisheshayo nezinamangalisa kakhulu emakethe.