Ingxoxo noProfesa weCriminology waseCincinnati
Ukutadisha kwe-Cybercriminology kuseyinto yesayensi yentsha kakhulu. UProfesa Joe Nedelec weYunivesithi yaseCincinnati ungomunye walabo baphandi abafuna ukukhulisa ukuqonda kwethu ukuthi kungani abaduni nabagebengu be-intanethi benza lokho abakwenzayo.
UProfesa Nedelec unesimiso se-Criminal Justice ohlelweni lwe-U of C. Uhlangabezane ne-About.com ukuze asitshele kabanzi mayelana nengqondo ye-cybercriminal. Nansi umbhalo waleso nkulumo.
01 ka 05
Abakwa-Cybercriminals Abalingani Abahluleli Bezitaladi ezilinganayo
Mayelana.com : "UProf. Nedelec: yini eyenza umkhaza we-cybercriminal futhi uhluke kanjani ezigamekweni ezivamile zomgwaqo?"
UProf. Nedelec:
Ukucwaninga kwabakwa-cybercriminals kunzima. Bambalwa kakhulu babo abanjwe, ngakho-ke asikwazi ukuya ejele noma emajele ukuze sixoxe nabo njengathi singakwazi nezigebengu zomgwaqo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-intanethi inikeza amagama amaningi (okungenani kulabo abakwazi ngempela ukufihla) futhi abakwa-cybercriminals bangakwazi ukungaziwa. Ngenxa yalokho, ucwaningo lwe-cybercrime lusencane, ngakho-ke azikho eziningi ezitholwe kahle noma eziphindaphindiwe kodwa amanye amaphethini avele. Isibonelo, abacwaningi baqaphele ukuthi ukuhlukaniswa ngokomzimba komuntu owenze iphutha kanye nesisulu kungesizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi abanye abakwa-cybercriminals bayakwazi ukulungisa izenzo zabo zobugebengu. Kulula ukucabanga ukuthi umonakalo awukwenziwanga uma isisulu singalungile phambi kwabo. Abacwaningi abaningi baye baphawula ukuthi abanye abashayeli be-cybercriminals, ikakhulukazi abaduni abanonya, bashukunyiswa kalula ngenselelo yokuthola uhlelo lwe-intanethi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, idatha yekhwalithi ibonise ukuthi abanye abakwa-cybercriminals bakhetha ukusebenzisa amakhono abo ebugebengu ngoba bangenza imali engaphezu kokuqashwa okusemthethweni.
Ngenkathi kunezinkinga eziphathelene nezimbangela zokuziphatha phakathi kwabakwa-cybercriminals kanye ne-off-line noma izigebengu zomgwaqo, kunomthelela omkhulu nakakhulu. Isibonelo, abantu abanokuzikhukhumeza kakhulu bangase bahlanganyele ekuziphatheni okungafani nabangenakuqhathaniswa nalabo abangenangqondo. Kodwa-ke, lokhu okutholayo akusebenzi ngaso sonke isikhathi kahle kwi-cybercrime. Kuthatha isineke esikhulu nekhono lobuchwepheshe ukuze uhlanganyele ngokuphumelelayo ezinhlobonhlobo zezenzo zobugebengu kwi-intanethi. Lokhu kuhluke kakhulu emgwaqweni wesigcawu ochwepheshe bakhe kwezobuchwephesha ngokuvamile akusikho ngokujulile. Ukusekela lokhu okushiwo, ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi abantu abenza ubugebengu ku-intanethi banamathuba amaningi okubandakanya nezenzo zobugebengu ngaphandle kokungaxhunyiwe ku-intanethi. Futhi, lolu cwaningo lusemncane futhi kuyothakazelisa ukubona ukuthi abaphenyi besikhathi esizayo bayakwazi ukuthola ngalesisihloko esibaluleke kakhulu.
02 ka 05
Uyakhathaza Kanjani Ukukhathazeka Kwabaqaphi Bama-Cybercriminals?
Mayelana.com : "Yini abasebenzisi abathile abenzayo eheha ukunakekelwa okungalungile kwama-cybercriminals?"
UProf. Nedelec:
Ekutadisheni izisulu zobugebengu be-cybercrime, abacwaningi baye baqaphela okutholayo okuthakazelisayo. Isibonelo, izici zobuntu ezinjengokwenembeza kubonakala sengathi zihlobene nokuhlukunyezwa kwe-cyber kangangokuthi labo abangathokozi ngokweqile banamathuba amaningi okuba yisisulu sobungozi be-cyber. Ukuthola okunjalo yingakho izinkampani nezinhlangano eziningi zidinga abasebenzi babo ukuba bashintshe njalo amaphasiwedi abo. Amakhono aphansi wezobuchwepheshe kanye nokungabi nolwazi lwe-intanethi uye waxhunyaniswa nokuhlukunyezwa kwe-cyber. Lezi zici ezihlukunyezwayo ziholela ekuphumeleleni kwemikhuba efana nobugebengu bokuphanga nokuthuthukiswa komphakathi. Abakwa-Cybercriminals bathuthele ngaphesheya kwe-imeyili elula ye-'Nigerian Prince '(nakuba sonke sithola lezi) kuma-imeyli acishe abe yizimpendulo zangempela zemilayezo oyothola ebhange labo noma ezinkampanini zekhadi lesikweletu. Abakwa-Cybercriminals bancike ekutheni abakwazi ukuhlukunyezwa bayakwazi ukuthola umyalezo oyinyumba futhi baxhaphaze lokhu 'ukuhlukunyezwa kwabantu'.
03 ka 05
Iseluleko se-Cybercriminologist for Readers About
Mayelana.com : "Ngusiphi iseluleko onakho sokuba abantu basebenzise ngokuphepha imithombo yezenhlalo futhi bahlanganyele emasikweni ase-intanethi?"
UProf. Nedelec:
Ngivame ukubhekana namasu aphephile e-intanethi nabafundi bami ngokubenza bacabange ukuthi i-intanethi ingaba njani uma ngabe 'impilo yangempela'. Ngiyababuza ukuthi ngabe bazoke bagqoke i-t-shirt ebeka ngokucacile ukuthi kukhona ukucwasa noma ukucwasa ngokobulili noma ngokobulili emhlabeni wonke ukubona, noma uma bezosebenzisa inhlanganisela 'engu-1234' emnyango wabo wegaraji, ukukhiya ibhayisikili, kanye nefoni phakathi eminye imibuzo ehlobene nokuziphatha okunzima kwe-intanethi. Impendulo yale mibuzo ihlale ihlaba umxhwele "Cha, akunjalo!". Kodwa ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi abantu bahlanganyela kulezi zinhlobo zokuziphatha nge-intanethi ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Ukucabanga ngokuziphatha kwakho kwe-intanethi njengokuziphatha kwangempela-ukuphila kusiza ukuvimbela isifiso sokusebenzisa ukungaziwa ku-intanethi futhi nokubona imiphumela yesikhathi eside yokuthumela izinto ezilimazayo ku-intanethi. Ngokuphathelene namaphasiwedi aqinile, ochwepheshe bezokuphepha kwe-digital batusa ukusebenzisa abaphathi bephasiwedi kanye nokuqinisekiswa okuzinyathelo ezimbili kuma-akhawunti e-intanethi. Ukuqwashisa ngokwengeziwe kwamaqhinga asetshenziswa abakwa-cybercriminals kubalulekile. Isibonelo, abasanda ku-cybercriminals baye bagxila ekufakeni izintela ezingamanga zentela besebenzisa izinombolo zokuphepha zenhlalakahle ezebiwe. Enye indlela yokugwema ukuba yisisulu samaqhinga anjalo ukudala i-akhawunti ekhasini lewebhu le-IRS. Ezinye izindlela zokugwema ukuhlukunyezwa kwe-intanethi zihlanganisa ukuzikhandla ngokuqapha ibhange lakho kanye nama-akhawunti ekhadi lesikweletu noma ngokuhlola ngentshisekelo noma ukuxwayiswa lapho ukuthenga kwenziwa. Ngokuphathelene nama-phishing ama-imeyili nezikhwama ezifanayo, amabhange amaningi nezinkampani zekhadi lesikweletu ngeke athumele ama-imeyili ngezixhumanisi ezifakiwe, futhi nabanye abasebenzisi bemiyalezo kufanele babheke ukubona ukuthi ukuxhumana ku-imeyili empeleni kuhamba (okungukuthi, i-URL) ngaphambi kokuchofoza kuso . Ekugcineni, njengezinye zezingxabano ezindala kunazo zonke ezingenzi lutho nge-Inthanethi, i-adage yakudala "Uma kubonakala sengathi kuhle kakhulu ukuba yiqiniso, kungenzeka ukuthi" ihambisana nokukhwabanisa kwe-inthanethi nokukhwabanisa (kufaka phakathi ukukhwabanisa imiyalezo). Ukulondoloza ukungaqiniseki okunempilo uma ukubukwa kolwazi ku-inthanethi kuyisisindo esihle sokusebenzisa. Ukwenza kanjalo kuzovimbela abakwa-cybercriminals ekusebenziseni isixhumanisi esibuthakathaka ekuvikelekeni kwedijithali: abantu.
04 ka 05
Kungani Uhlola Ukwaziswa Kwama-Cybercrime?
Mayelana.com : "Prof. Nedelec, sitshele mayelana nokucwaninga kwakho kwe-cybercrime kanye nensimu. Kungani kukuthakazelisa kuwe? Kuqhathaniswa kanjani nezinye izazi zenhlalo?"
UProf. Nedelec:
Intshisekelo enkulu njenge-criminologist ye-biosocial ukuhlola izindlela ezehlukene lapho ukungaboni ngaso linye kungathinta ukuziphatha komuntu, kuhlanganise nokuziphatha okungahambisani nabantu. Ukucwaninga kwami ekuqhubeni i-cybercrime kuqhutshwa nesithakazelo esifanayo: kungani abanye abantu baningi amathuba okubandakanyeka ku-cybercrime noma bahlukunyezwa yi-cybercrime? Iningi lezazi zivele zibheke ohlangothini lwezobuchwepheshe ngalolu daba kodwa ucwaningo oluningi luqala ukugxila ekuhlanganyeleni kokuziphatha komuntu nge-cybercrime.
Njenge-criminologist, ngiye ngaqaphela ukuthi uhlelo lwe-cybercrime lubonisa uhlelo lwezobulungiswa bobugebengu, izinhlaka zikahulumeni (ezizweni zasekhaya nakwamanye amazwe), kanye ne-criminology njengesiyalo semfundo esinenkinga enkulu. Izinkinga ezihlobene nohlelo lwe-cybercrime kanye nokuvikeleka kwedijithali ziyi-noveli kangangokuthi zinselele izindlela zendabuko thina njengomphakathi, njengezinhlobo zezilwane, esiye sabhekana nokuziphatha okungahambisani nobuhlanga noma ubugebengu esikhathini esidlule. Izici eziyingqayizivele eziyingqayizivele yemvelo enhlobonhlobo - njengokungaziwa kanye nokwehla kwemingcele yemvelo - cishe ihlukaniswe ngokuphelele nezinkampani zobulungiswa bezobugebengu zendabuko nezinqubo. Lezi zinselele, nakuba ziphazamisa, ziveza nethuba lokudala nokukhula kocwaningo, ubudlelwane bomhlaba wonke, nokuhlola ukuziphatha kwabantu, kuhlanganise nokuziphatha kwe-intanethi. Ingxenye yalokho ngithola ukuthi le nsimu iyamangalisa kakhulu izinselele eziyingqayizivele ezilethayo.
05 ka 05
Ukuya Kuphi Uma Ufuna Ukufunda Okuningi Ngama-Cybercriminals
Mayelana.com : "Yiziphi izinsiza nezixhumanisi ozincomayo kubantu abanesithakazelo ekufundeni okwengeziwe mayelana nobugebengu be-cyber kanye ne-victimology?"
UProf. Nedelec:
Amabhulogi afana ne-Brian Krebs's krebsonsecurity.com yimithombo enhle kakhulu ochwepheshe kanye nama-novice ngokufanayo. Kulabo abanamathele emfundo, kunezinombolo ezincane zamaphephandaba abuyekezwa kontanga asebenzelana ne-cyber criminology kanye ne-victimology (isb., International Journal of Cyber Criminology www.cybercrimejournal.com) kanye nama-athikili ngabanye emaphephandabeni amaningi ahlukene. Kukhona inani elikhulayo lezincwadi ezinhle, zombili zezemfundo nezingafundile, ezihlobene ne-cybercrime nokuphepha kwedijithali. Ngifunda abafundi bami ukufunda i-Cybercrime ne-Society ye-Majid Yar kanye no-Thomas Holt's Crime Online. Isizwe Sogaxekile Sakwa-Krebs asiyona i-academic futhi sibheka okuthakazelisayo ngemuva kwezigcawu zokusakazeka kogaxekile kanye nama-pharmacies angekho emthethweni ahamba nokuqhuma kwe-imeyili. Amavidiyo amaningi athakazelisayo namadokhumenti angatholakala emithonjeni efana nekhasi lewebhu le-TED Talks (www.ted.com/playlists/10/who_are_the_hackers), i-BBC, kanye nemihlangano yokuphepha ye-cyber / hacker njenge-DEF CON (www.defcon.org) .