5 Izibonelo ze-Biomimetic Technology

Ososayensi babheka kuMvelo ukuxazulula izinkinga zeTech

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuklanywa kwemikhiqizo sekuye kucaciswa kakhulu; imiklamo evela esikhathini esedlule ibonakala sengathi i-cruder futhi ayilusizo kakhulu kunanamuhla. Njengoba ulwazi lwethu lokwakha luba luyinkimbinkimbi, ososayensi nabaqambi baye babheka emvelweni nasezinhlobonhlobo ezinhle kakhulu, ezivumelanisiwe zokuqondisa ekuqondiseni ulwazi lwethu ngokuqhubekayo. Lokhu kusetshenziswa kwemvelo njengokuphefumulelwa kobuchwepheshe besintu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Biomimetics, noma i-Biomimicry. Nazi izibonelo ezimbili zobuchwepheshe esisebenzisayo namuhla eziphefumulelwe ngemvelo.

Velcro

Esinye sezibonelo ezindala zomklami esebenzisa imvelo yokuphefumlelwa komkhiqizo yi-Velcro. Ngo-1941, onjiniyela waseSwitzerland uGeorge de Mestral waphawula isakhiwo se-burrs, ngemva kokuthola inqwaba yamapodu enzalo ehambisana nenja ngemva kokuhamba. Uqaphele izakhiwo ezincane ezinjenge-hook ezinjenge-burr ezivumela ukuthi zizinamathisele abadlulayo. Ngemuva kwesilingo esikhulu nesiphambeko, i-de-Mestral yagcina igunyaze umklamo owaba isibopho esithandwa kakhulu esikhwameni nesigqoko sokugqoka, esekelwe kwisakhiwo se-hook ne-loop. I-Velcro isibonelo se-biomimicry ngaphambi kokuba i-biomimicry ibhalwe negama; ukusebenzisa imvelo yokuphefumlelwa kokuklanyelwa ngumkhuba omude.

Neural Networks

Amanethiwekhi e-Neural ngokuvamile abhekisela kumamodeli wekhompyutha ehola ukukhuthazwa kusukela ekuxhumaneni kwe-neuronal ebuchosheni. Ososayensi bekhompyutha baye bakhela amanethiwekhi we-neural ngokudala ama-unit units, ukwenza imisebenzi eyisisekelo, ukulingisa isenzo se-neurons. Inethiwekhi yakhiwe ngokuxhumana phakathi kwalezi zingxenye zokucubungula, okuningi ngendlela efanayo ne-neurons exhuma ebuchosheni. Ukusebenzisa le model of computing, ososayensi baye bakwazi ukudala izinhlelo eziguquguqukayo neziguquguqukayo, ezihlanganisa ngezindlela ezehlukene zokwenza imisebenzi ehlukene. Iningi lezinhlelo zamanethiwekhi we-neural ziye zahlolwa manje, kepha imiphumela ethembisayo ifinyelelwe imisebenzi efuna izinhlelo zokufunda nokuzivumelanisa, njengokubona nokuhlola izinhlobo zama-cancer.

Ukuphanga

Kunezinhlobo zezibonelo zabanjiniyela abasebenzisa imvelo ukuze baqondise ngezindlela eziphumelelayo zokuqhuma. Izibonelo eziningi zakuqala zabantu ezizama ukulinganisa izindiza zezindiza zahlangana ngokuphumelelayo okulinganiselwe. Kodwa izinto ezintsha zakamuva zenze imiklamo njenge-flying squirrel suit, evumela ukuthi i-skydivers ne-jumpers base iqhube ngokuhambisana nokusebenza okuhle. Ukuhlolwa kwamanje kuye kwafumanisa nokusebenza kwamandla okuhamba emoyeni ngokuhlela izindiza ku-V ukwakheka okulingisa ukufuduka kwezinyoni.

Ukuhamba emoyeni akuyona kuphela umzuzi we-biomimicry, onjiniyela baye basebenzisa ukuhamba kwamanzi emvelo njengesiqondiso sokuklama. Inkampani ebizwa ngokuthi i-BioPower Systems iye yasungula uhlelo lokubamba amandla ngamandla ngokusebenzisa amaphiko okuphefumula aphefumulelwe ukuhamba kahle kwezinhlanzi ezinkulu ezinjenge-sharks kanye ne-tuna.

Ukushona

Ukukhetha okwemvelo ngokuvamile kuvame ukufaka izinto eziphilayo ngezindlela ezithakazelisayo zokuzivumelanisa nemvelo lapho zihlala khona. Abaqambi baye baqoqa kulezi zivumelanisa futhi bathola ukusetshenziswa okusha kubo. Izitshalo zeLotus zitholakale zishintshe kakhulu emvelweni wamanzi. Amaqabunga awo ane-revolving waxy ephikisayo amanzi, futhi izimbali zinezakhi ezincane ezinokuthi uvikele ukungcola nothuli ukunamathela. Abaqambi abaningi basebenzisa "izinto zokuzihlanza" ze-lotus ukudala imikhiqizo ehlala njalo. Enye inkampani isetshenziswe lezi zakhiwo ukwakha upende nge-surface microscopically textured ezosiza ukuguqula ukungcola kusuka ngaphandle kwezakhiwo.

Nanotechnology

I-nanotechnology ibhekisela ekwakhiweni nasekudalweni kwezinto ngezinga le-athomu noma lamakhemikhali. Njengoba abantu bengasebenzi kulezi zilinganiso, sivame ukubuka emvelweni ukuze siqondise indlela yokwakha izinto kuleli zwe elincane. I-virus ye-smoking mosaic (TMV) iyinhlayiyana encane ye-tube-like eye yasetshenziselwa njengokwakha isakhiwo sokwakha ama-nanotubes amakhulu nakwezinhlobo ze-fiber. Ama-virus anesakhiwo esiqinile futhi angakwazi ukumelana nobubanzi obubanzi be-pH nokushisa. Ama-nanowires nama-nanotubes akhiwe phezu kwemiklamo yegciwane angakwazi ukukhonza njengezidingo zokulethwa kwezidakamizwa ezingakwazi ukumelana nezimo ezimbi kakhulu.