Ukubheka Ukuhlukana Kwezimpawu Zamandla
Isingeniso
Phakathi neminyaka, izingxenye eziyisisekelo zezinhlelo zekhompyutha ziye zashintsha ngokuphawulekayo. Ukuze kulungiswe ukuklanywa kwesistimu, amazinga okucaciswa asetshenziselwe amakhompiyutha wedeskithophu achaza ubukhulu obuhlukahlukene, izakhiwo kanye nezidingo zikagesi ukuze izingxenye zingashintshwa kalula phakathi kwabadayisi nezinhlelo. Njengoba yonke uhlelo lwekhompiyutha idinga amandla kagesi aguqulwa kusuka ezindaweni zokudonsa eziphezulu zamathambo kuya kumaphesenti aphansi e-voltage asetshenziswa yizingxenye, izimpahla zamandla zinemininingwane ecacile.
AT, ATX, ATX12V?
Imininingwane yezinkomba zeDeskithophu inikezwe ngamagama ahlukahlukene weminyaka. I-Advanced Technology Technology noma i-AT design yasungulwa eminyakeni yokuqala ye-PC nezinhlelo ezihambisanayo ze-IBM. Njengoba izidingo zamandla nezakhiwo zishintshiwe, imboni yaqala incazelo entsha okuthiwa i-Advanced Technology Extended noma i-ATX. Le ncazelo isetshenziswe iminyaka eminingi. Eqinisweni liye labhekana nenombolo enkulu yokubuyekezwa phakathi neminyaka yokubhekana nezinguquko ezihlukahlukene zamandla. Manje ifomethi entsha ithuthukiswe eminyakeni edlule i-ATX12V. Lelizinga liyaziwa ngokusemthethweni njenge-ATX v2.0 nangaphezulu.
Ukungafani okuyinhloko ne-ATX v2.3 yakamuva ne-ATX v1.3 yilezi:
- Ukusetshenziswa kwe-24-pin Main Power Connector ngaphezu kwe-20-pin Connector ye-PCI Express Support
- I-6-Pin Aux Power Connector Akudingekile
- Ukusetshenziswa kwama-Rual 12V Rails uma Omkhulu kunama-20A
- Ama-serial ATA Power Connectors ayadingeka
- Ukusebenza okungenani kwamandla okuguquguquka kwamandla
Amandla angu-24-Amandla amakhulu
Lona ushintsho oluphawulekayo lwezinga le-ATX12V. I-PCI Express idinga amandla ka-watt angu-75 ayengakwazi ukuxhumana nomxhumanisi omdala we-20. Ukusingatha lokhu, izikhonkwane ezingeziwe ezingu-4 zengezwe kwisixhumi ukuze unikeze amandla wokungezela nge-12V rails. Manje ukuhlelwa kwephini kuhlolwe kangangokuthi umxhumeli wamandla angu-24 angasetshenziswa ngempela kuma- motherboard asekhulile ase- ATX enexhumi le -20-pin. I-caveat yukuthi izikhonkwane ezingu-4 ezengeziwe zizohlala eceleni koxhumano lwamandla ebhodini le-motherboard ngakho-ke qiniseka ukuthi kukhona imvume eyanele yezikhonkwane ezengeziwe uma uhlela ukusebenzisa i-ATX12V iyunithi yebhodi le-ATX elidala.
Ama-Raw aphindwe kabili
Njengoba amandla adinga abaproseshi, amashayeli kanye nabalandeli baqhubeka bekhula ohlelweni, inani lamandla anikezwa phezu kwama-12V emiphakathini evela ekuthengiseni amandla asekhulile. Ezindaweni eziphakeme zamamperage, ikhono lamandla okukhiqiza umthamo ozinzile wawunzima kakhulu. Ukuze ukwazi ukubhekana nalokhu, izinga elikhona manje ludinga noma yikuphi ukunikezwa kwamandla okukhiqiza i-amperatge ephezulu kakhulu kwejantshi le-12V ukuze lihlukaniswe ngama-12V e-rails amabili ahlukene ukuze kwandiswe ukuzinza. Amanye amandla aphakamisa amanzi amaningi abuye abe nemilayezo eyi-12V eyizimele ezimele ukuqina.
Izixhumanisi ze-Serial ATA
Ngisho nezixhumi ze-Serial ATA zitholakala ezintweni eziningi ze-ATX v1.3, ayingeyona imfuneko. Ngokutholwa okusheshayo kwamashayela we-SATA, isidingo sokuba izixhumanisi kuzo zonke izimpahla zamandla ezintsha zaphoqeleka izinga elidingayo ukuze lidinge inombolo encane yezixhumi emzimbeni wamandla. Ama-ATX v1.3 asebekhulile ngokuvamile ahlinzekwa kabili kuphela ngenkathi amasha e-ATX v2.0 amasha ehlinzeka amane noma ngaphezulu.
Ukusebenza kwamandla
Uma lo mshini kagesi uguqulwa kusuka emagodini ombalo odongeni kuya emazingeni ephansi amavolumu adingekayo ezingxenyeni zekhompiyutha, kuzodingeka kube nemfucuza eyadluliselwa ekushiseni. Ngakho-ke, yize amandla okuhlinzeka amandla anganikeza amandla angu-500W, empeleni adonsela okwedlula okwedlulele kunalolu donga. Isilinganiso sokusebenza kahle kwamandla sinquma ukuthi amandla atholakala kanjani odongeni uma kuqhathaniswa nokukhipha kwikhompyutha. Amazinga amasha adinga ukulinganisa okungenani okungenani kwama-80% kodwa kuningi lokulinganisa okuphakeme kakhulu.
Iziphetho
Lapho uthenga ukunikezwa kwamandla, kubalulekile ukuthenga okuhlangene nakho konke ukucaciswa kwamandla ohlelweni lwekhompyutha. Ngokuvamile, amazinga we-ATX athuthukiswa ukuba abuyele emuva ahambisana nesistimu endala. Ngenxa yalokho, lapho uthengela ukunikezwa kwamandla, kungcono ukuthenga okungenani okungenani i-ATX v2.01 evumelanisiwe noma ngaphezulu. Lezi zidingo zamandla zizosebenza nezinhlelo ze-ATX ezindala zisebenzisa isikhombisi samandla amakhulu angu-20 uma kukhona isikhala esanele.