Amafomu ezinhlelo zesipredishithi ezifana ne-Excel nama-Google Spreadsheets asetshenziselwa ukwenza izibalo noma ezinye izenzo ezitholwe kwifomula kanye / noma ezigcinwe kumafayela ohlelo.
Zingahluka kusukela ekusebenzeni ngezibalo eziyisisekelo , njengokufaka nokukhupha, kubunjiniyela obuyinkimbinkimbi nokubalwa kwezibalo.
Amafomu amnandi ekusebenzeni "ukuthi uma" izimo eziqhathanisa izibalo ngokusekelwe ekushintsheni idatha. Uma ifomula selifakiwe, udinga ukushintsha kuphela inani elizobalwa. Akudingeki uqhubeke ungena "plus lokhu" noma "unciphisa lokho" njengokwenza ngokubala okuvamile.
Amafomu Qalisa Nge & # 61; Uphawu
Kuzinhlelo ezifana ne-Excel, i- Open Office Calc , nama-Google Spreadsheets, amafomula aqala ngesibalo esilingana (=) futhi, ingxenye enkulu, angena kumakhalekhukhwini (s) okusebenzela lapho sifuna khona imiphumela noma impendulo ukuba ivele .
Isibonelo, uma ifomula = 5 + 4 - 6 ingeniswe esitokisini A1, inani 3 lizovela kule ndawo.
Chofoza ku-A1 nge-pointer yegundane, noma kunjalo, kanye nefomula iboniswa kubha yamatomu ngaphezulu kwephepha lokusebenzela.
Ukwehla kwefomula
Ifomula ingaqukatha noma yikuphi okulandelayo noma okulandelayo:
- amanani
- izikhalazo
- izingqikithi zeseli
- imisebenzi
- opharetha
Amanani
Amanani amafomula awagcini nje kuphela ezinombeni kodwa angafaka futhi:
- izinsuku
- amagama - umbhalo - uvame ukuzungezwa ngamamaki okucaphuna ( "" )
- Amanani we-Boolean - TRUE noma FALSE kuphela
Constant Formula
A njalo - njengoba igama liphakamisa - kuyinzuzo engashintshi. Noma kubalwa. Nakuba ama-constant constants angaziwa kakhulu njengePi (Π) - isilinganiso somjikelezo wombuthano kuya ububanzi bawo - angaba nanoma yiliphi inani - njengezinga lentela noma usuku oluthile - olushintsha njalo.
Izinkomba zoMakhalekhukhwini emafomulini
Izinkomba zocingo - ezifana ne-A1 noma i-H34 - zikhombisa indawo yedatha kushidi lokusebenzela noma ibhuku lokusebenzela. Esikhundleni sokufaka idatha ngqo kwifomula, ngokuvamile kungcono ukufaka idatha kumaseli okusebenzela bese ufaka izinkomba zeseli endaweni yedatha kwifomula.
Izinzuzo zalokhu yizo:
- uma kamuva ushintshe idatha yakho ifomula izibuyekezo ngokuzenzekela ukubonisa umphumela omusha;
- kwezinye izimo, ukusebenzisa izingqikithi zeseli kwenza kube lula ukukopisha amafomula kusuka kwenye indawo kuya kwesinye kwiphepha lokusebenzela.
Ukuze kube lula ukufaka izingqikithi eziningi ezigciniwe zefomula kwifomula, zingangenwa njengebanga elibonisa nje amaphuzu okuqala nokuphela. Isibonelo, izinkomba, A1, A2, A3 zingabhalwa njengobubanzi be-A1: A3.
Ukwenza izinto zibe lula nakakhulu, izigaba ezisetshenziswe njalo zinganikwa igama elingangena emafomulini.
Imisebenzi: Amafomathi angakhelwe ngaphakathi
Izinhlelo zesipredishithi nazo ziqukethe amafomula amaningi akhiweyo abizwa ngokuthi imisebenzi.
Imisebenzi yenza kube lula ukufeza:
- imisebenzi ejwayelekile eyenziwa - njengokufaka amakholomu noma imigqa yezinombolo ngomsebenzi we-SUM
- imisebenzi ende noma eyinkimbinkimbi - njengokuthola ulwazi oluqondile nge-VLOOKUP
Ama-Formula Operators
I-arithmetic noma i-mathematical operator iwuphawu noma uphawu olumelela ukusebenza kwe-arithmetic kwifomula ye-Excel.
Ama-operators acacisa uhlobo lokubala olwenziwe ngefomula.
Izinhlobo ze-opharetha
Izinhlobo ezahlukene zokubala abasebenzisi abangasetshenziswa emafomula zihlanganisa:
- i-arithmetic - esetshenziselwa izibalo eziyisisekelo ezifana nokuhlanganisa nokususa
- ukufanisa
- umbhalo wokubhaliwe
Abasebenzisi be-Arithmetic
Amanye ama-opharetha we-arithmetic - afana nalawo okungeziwe nokukhipha - afana nalawo asetshenziswe ngezindlela ezibhalwe ngezandla, kuyilapho lezo zokuphindaphinda, ukuhlukaniswa, kanye neziboniso zihlukile.
Wonke opharetha be-arithmetic yilezi:
- Ukususa - uphawu lokususa ( - )
- Ukwengeza - nesibonakaliso ( + )
- Isigaba - ukukhishwa phambili ( / )
- Ukuphindaphinda - i-asterisk ( * )
- I-Exponentiation - ukunakekelwa ( ^ )
Uma kune-opharetha angaphezu kweyodwa esetshenziselwa ifomula, kukhona umyalelo othize wokusebenza okwenziwa yi-Excel ekunqumeni ukuthi yikuphi ukuhlinzwa okwenzeka kuqala.
Ukuqhathanisa Abasebenzisi
U-opharetha wokuqhathanisa , njengoba igama lakhe liphakamisa, wenza ukufaniswa phakathi kwamanani amabili kwifomula futhi umphumela walokho kuqhathaniswa kuphela ungaba yi-TRUE noma FALSE.
Kunezinhlelo eziyisithupha zokuqhathanisa opharetha:
- Ukulingana ( = )
- Ngaphansi kwe- ( < )
- Ngaphansi kokulingana no ( <= )
- Ngaphezulu kune- ( > )
- Okukhulu kunaleyo noma elilinganayo ( > = )
- Akulingani no ( <> )
I-AND ne-OR imisebenzi yizibonelo zamafomula ezisebenzisa opharetha bokuqhathanisa.
I-Concatenation Operator
I-Concatenation kusho ukujoyina izinto ndawonye kanye nomqhubi we-concatenation yi-ampersand " & " futhi ingasetshenziswa ukujoyina izingxenye eziningi zedatha kwifomula.
Isibonelo salokhu kungaba:
{= INDEX (D6: F11, MATCH (D3 & E3, D6: D11 & E6: E11, 0), 3)}
lapho umqhubi we-concatenation usetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa amathafa amaningi wedatha kwifomula yokubheka usebenzisa i-Excel ye-INDEX nemisebenzi ye-MATCH .