I-OEM imelela "isakhi semishini yokuqala" kanye nesofthiwe ye-OEM iyinkulumo ebhekisela kwisofthiwe edayiswa kubakhi bekhompyutha nabakhiqizi be-hardware (OEMs) ngobuningi, ngenhloso yokubopha nge-hardware yekhompuyutha. Isofthiwe yesithathu ezayo nekhamera yakho yedijithali, ithebulethi yethebulethi , i-smartphone, iphrinta noma isithwebuli yisibonelo se-software ye-OEM.
OEM Software Basics
Ezimweni eziningi, lolu hlelo lokusebenza oluthile luyinguqulo endala yohlelo oluthengiswa ngokwakho njengomkhiqizo omelele. Ngezinye izikhathi kuyinguqulo elinganiselwe-yesofthiwe yokuthengisa, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi "uhlelo olukhethekile" (SE) noma "uhlelo olulinganiselwe" (LE). Inhloso ukunikeza abasebenzisi besofthiwe entsha yomkhiqizo ukusebenza ngaphandle kwebhokisi, kodwa futhi ukuzama ukuba bathenge inguqulo yamanje noma esebenzayo ngokugcwele yesofthiwe.
I-"twist" kulo mkhuba inikeza izinguqulo zangaphambili zesofthiwe. Ngaphezulu, lokhu kungase kuzwakale njengento enkulu kodwa ingozi yangempela yilokho abakhiqizi be-software abafanayo ngeke bavuselele isofthiwe esedala kumazinguquko zakamuva.
Isofthiwe ye-OEM ingaba inguqulo engenamkhawulo, esebenzayo ngokugcwele yomkhiqizo ongathengwa ngesaphulelo ngekhompyutha entsha ngoba umakhi wesistimu uthengisa ngobuningi futhi udlulisela ukugcinwa kumthengi. Kukhona njalo imingcele ekhethekile yelayisensi ethinteke kwisofthiwe ye-OEM ezama ukuvimbela indlela evunyelwe ukuthengiswa ngayo. Isibonelo, isivumelwano selayisense yomsebenzisi wokuphela (i-EULA) se-software ephelele yokusebenza ye-OEM ingasho ukuthi ayivumelekile ukuthi ithengiswe ngaphandle kwe-hardware ehambisana nayo. Kukhona impikiswano enkulu mayelana nokuthi ngabe abamemezeli be-software banelungelo lokuphoqelela le migomo yelayisense.
Imithetho ye-OEM Software
Kukhona nokudideka okuningi mayelana nokufaneleka kwesofthiwe ye-OEM ngoba abathengisi abaningi be-intanethi abasebenzisa i-intanethi basebenzisa ngokunenzuzo abathengi ngokunikela isofthiwe esaphuthumayo ngaphansi kwelebula le- "OEM", lapho lingakaze ligunyazwe umshicileli ukuthi athengiswe ngaleyo ndlela. Nakuba kunezimo eziningi lapho kusemthethweni khona ukuthenga isofthiwe ye-OEM, leli gama liye lasetshenziselwa ukukhohlisa abathengi ekuthengeni isofthiwe engalungile. Kulezi zimo, isofthiwe ayizange ishicilelwe ngaphansi kwelayisense ye-OEM, futhi umdayisi unikeza isofthiwe ephikisiwe engase ingasebenzi ngisho (uma unenhlanhla yokwamukela).
Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulu emazweni amaningi. Kuyinto engavamile ukwethula uhlu lwesofthiwe ongathanda ukuyifaka kukhompyutha yakho entsha futhi likhona lapho uthayipha ikhompyutha. Lokhu kuchaza nokuthi kungani abakhiqizi abaningi be-software abanjengo-Adobe ne-Microsoft beya emfanekisweni wokubhalisa ngamafu. Isibonelo, i-Adobe idinga ukuthi ube ne-akhawunti ye-Creative Cloud esemthethweni nokuthi, njalo njalo, ucelwa ukuthi unikeze igama lakho lomsebenzisi we-Creative Cloud nephasiwedi.
Isofthiwe elayishiwe kusuka ku-Torrents ngokuvamile isofthiwe "ephikisiwe". Ingozi yangempela oyisebenzayo lapha kungenzeka ukuthi ulandelwe inkampani yesofthiwe yokuphulwa kwe-copyright. Futhi, nawe ngokwakho uma kuziwa ekusekelweni kwe-tech. Uma isofthiwe inenkinga noma ufuna isibuyekezo futhi uhlola nomkhiqizi izimpikiswano cishe zingu-100% uzocelwa inombolo ye-serial yesofthiwe futhi leyo nombolo izohlolwa ngezinombolo ze-software zomthetho.
Esikhathini semvelo esekelwe kuwebhu yanamuhla umkhuba wokwenza isofthiwe ye-OEM yokuqoqa ishintshwe ngokushesha ngezikhathi zokulingwa lapho inguqulo esebenza ngokugcwele yesofthiwe ingasetshenziswa isikhathi esilinganiselwe, emva kwalokho isofthiwe ikhutshaziwe uze uthenge ilayisense noma yimuphi okuqukethwe okukhiqizayo kuzothathwa nge-watermarked kuze kufike ilayisense.
Nakuba ukugoqa kuyinto yokufa, abakhiqizi be-smartphone abanenkinga yokulayisha isofthiwe, eyaziwa ngokuthi "i-bloatware", kumadivayisi wabo. Kukhona ukwehla okuqhubekayo kulo mkhuba ngoba, ezimweni eziningi, umthengi akakwazi ukukhetha nokufakela okufakiwe kudivayisi yakhe entsha. Uma kuziwa kwisofthiwe ye-OEM kumadivayisi, izinto zithola kancane kancane. Kuye kumkhiqizi wedivaysi, ungathola ukuthi idivayisi yakho ihlanganiswe nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezingenalo okuncane noma okungahambisani nalokho okwenzayo noma ezingenasithakazelo esincane noma ezisebenzisayo kuwe. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulu uma kuziwa kumadivayisi we-Android. Inkinga lapha okuningi kwalolu hlelo lokusebenza "lukhuni kanzima" ku-Android OS ngoba umkhiqizi ushintshe i-Android OS futhi leyo software ayikwazi ukususwa noma, ezimweni eziningi, ikhubazekile.
Omunye umkhuba omuhle kwi-Smartphones kuwumkhuba wokukhuthaza umsebenzisi ukuthenga izici ezengeziwe njengoba basebenzisa uhlelo lokusebenza. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi emidlalweni enombili inguqulo yamahhala futhi "ekhokhelwayo" yohlelo lokusebenza. Inguqulo yamahhala yilapho ukucela ukuthuthukiswa kwesici kuwumkhuba ovamile.
Okusemqoka uma kuziwa kwi-software ye-OEM ukuthenga ngokuqondile kumkhiqizi wesofthiwe noma umdayisi wesofthiwe ohloniphekile kaningi kunokuba umzila ongcono kakhulu. Uma kungenjalo ukuthi i-axiom endala, i-caveat emptor ("Vumela Umthengi Qaphela") akuyona into embi.