I-Speed Speed Peripheral Port yeDatha neVidiyo
Ngendlela elula kakhulu, ubuchwepheshe obusha be-Thunderbolt buyadingeka isikhombimsebenzisi sokuqala se-Light Peak esasetshenziswa ngokubambisana phakathi kwe-Intel ne-Apple. Kube nezinguquko eziningana ezenziwe ku-interface kusuka kobuchwepheshe bayo obuhlongozwayo kulokho okungatholakala emikhiqizo. Isibonelo, ukukhanya kwe-Light Peak ekuqaleni kwakuhloswe ukuba kube yizinga elibonakalayo le-interface kodwa i-Thunderbolt ilahle lokho ngokuthanda iklabhu yendabuko engaphezulu. Lokhu kubeka eziningana zokulinganiselwa ukuthi i-cabling isebenza kanjani kodwa yenza kube lula ukuyiqalisa.
Ividiyo ne-Isixhumi Isixhumi
Isizathu esikhulu sokushintsha kwesikhombimsebenzisi se-Thunderbolt sasihlobene nokukhetha isixhumi esibonakalayo. Esikhundleni sokuthembela kusixhumi esisha, ubuchwepheshe be-Thunderbolt buqala ekuqaleni kwikhokhnoloji ye - DisplayPort nomklamo wesikhombi saso. Isizathu sokwenza lokhu kwakungenxa yokuthi ikhebula elilodwa elihlanganisiwe lingathwala isignali yevidiyo ngaphezu kwesignali yedatha. I-DisplayPort yayiyizikhethelo ezinengqondo phakathi kwama-interfaces we-connector yevidiyo ngoba isivele sinesiteshi sedatha esisizayo esakhiwe esimisweni sayo. Ezinye izixhumi ezimbili zokubonisa izidijithali, i-HDMI ne-DVI, azikwazi ukukwazi lokhu.
Ngakho yini eyenza lesi sici siphoqe kangaka? Isibonelo esihle i-laptop encane ye-ultraportable njenge- MacBook Air . Inesikhala esincane kakhulu sezingxenyeni zangaphandle ze-peripheral. Ngokusebenzisa i-Thunderbolt kudivayisi, i-Apple yakwazi ukuhlanganisa kokubili idatha nedatha yevidiyo kumxhumeli owodwa. Uma kuhlangene ne-Apple Thunderbolt Display, umqapha uphinde ube njengesiteshi sesisekelo se-laptop. Ingxenye yesignali yedatha yekhebula le-Thunderbolt ivumela ukuthi isibonisi sisebenzise amachwebeni e-USB, iPortWire Port ne-Gigabit Ethernet ngaphezu kwekhebula elilodwa. Lokhu kuhamba phambili ekunciphiseni i-clutter yonke yamakhodi avela kwi-laptop futhi yandisa amakhono jikelele njengoba kokubili i-Ethernet engokwenyama ne-FireWire amarekhodi awafakiwe kwi-laptop ye-ultrathin.
Ukuze ugcine ukuhambisana nezibukeli zendabuko ze-DisplayPort, amachweba we-Thunderbolt ahambisana ngokugcwele namazinga we-DisplayPort. Lokhu kusho ukuthi noma yikuphi ukuboniswa kwe-DisplayPort kungathintwa kudoti lombuso we-Thunderbolt. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi lokhu ngokuphumelelayo kuzokhipha isixhumanisi sedatha ye-Thunderbolt ku-câble engasebenzi ngaleyo khebula. Ngenxa yalokhu, izinkampani ezinjengoMatrox noBelkin zakha iziteshi ze-Thunderbolt ezizoxhumeka kukhompyutha evumela ukuthi i-DisplayPort idlule ukuze ixhumane nokuqapha kwendabuko futhi isebenzise amandla okudluliswa kwedatha leThunderbolt ye-Ethernet namanye amarekhodi angaphandle ngesiteshi sesisekelo.
Ukusebenzisa okungaphezulu kweyodwa yedivayisi ngePort Interface
Esinye isici esenza indlela yaso yokucacisa nge-Thunderbolt yikhono lokusebenzisa amadivaysi amaningi kusuka echwebeni elilodwa le-peripheral. Lokhu kusindisa isidingo sokuba namachweba amaningi ajwayelekile kuma-computer amaningi. Njengoba amakhompiyutha athola amancane, kukhona isikhala esingaphansi kwezixhumi. Ama-laptops amaningi e-ultrathin afana ne-MacBook Air kanye ne- ultrabooks angase abe nendawo kuphela yezixhumi ezimbili noma ezintathu. Kukhona inqwaba yezindawo zokungena ezihlukahlukene, ezingaphezu kokulingana kudivayisi enjalo.
Ukuze uzuze ikhono lokusebenzisa amakhemikhali amaningi kwichweba elilodwa, i-Thunderbolt ithatha ukusebenza kwe-chain evelele nge- FireWire . Ukuze lokhu kusebenze, izixhumanisi ze-Thunderbolt zinezibuko ezihlangene nezingenaziphumayo. Idivayisi yokuqala kulayini ixhunywe kukhompyutha. Idivaysi elandelayo kulolu chungechunge yayizoxhumeka ichweba layo elingenayo kwi-port yokuqala ephumayo. Idivayisi ngayinye elandelayo izoxhunyaniswa ngokufanayo nento yangaphambilini kulolu chungechunge.
Manje, kunemikhawulo ethile kwinombolo yamadivayisi angafakwa kwichweba elilodwa le-Thunderbolt. Njengamanje, izindinganiso zivumela amadivaysi angaphezulu kwayisithupha ukuthi afakwe ohlwini. Ngokusobala, okuningi kwalokhu kuhlobene nokulinganiselwa komkhawulokudonsa kwedatha osekelwayo. Uma ufaka amadivayisi amaningi kakhulu, angagcwalisa lo mkhawulokudonsa futhi anciphise ukusebenza okuphelele kwamakhemikhali. Lokhu kubonakala kakhulu ngesilinganiso samanje lapho ukubonisa okuningi kunamathele kulayini olulodwa.
I-PCI-Express
Ukufezekisa ingxenye yokuxhumeka kwedatha esibonakalayo se-Thunderbolt, i-Intel yanquma ukusebenzisa imininingwane ejwayelekile ye- PCI-Express . Ngokuyinhloko, i-Thunderbolt ihlangene ndawonye i-PCI-Express 3.0 x4 isikhombimsebenzisi ku-processor futhi ihlanganisa lokhu ngevidiyo ye-DisplayPort bese uyibeka phezu kwekhebula elilodwa. Ukusebenzisa isikhombimsebenzisi se-PCI-Express kuyisinyathelo sokuqondisa okunengqondo ngoba lokhu sekusetshenziswe kakade njenge-interface ejwayelekile yomxhumanisi kuma-processors wokuxhuma ezingxenyeni zangaphakathi.
Ngama-bandwidths wedatha we-PCI-Express, ichweba elilodwa le-Thunderbolt kufanele likwazi ukufika ku-10Gbps kuzo zombili izinkomba. Lokhu kungaphezulu kokwanele kumadivaysi amaningi asebenzayo okwamanje amakhompyutha angaxhuma kuwo. Amadivayisi amaningi okugcina agxile kakhulu ngaphansi kwezingqinamba ze-SATA zamanje futhi ngisho nezimo zombuso eziqinile ngeke zifinyelele eduze nalezi zivinini. Okungeziwe, inethiwekhi yezindawo eziningi zendawo isekelwe ku-Gigabit Ethernet okuyingxenye yeshumi yalokhu kuhamba komkhawulo jikelele. Yingakho iziteshi ze-Thunderbolt nezisekelo zikwazi ukuhlinzeka ngezixhumanisi zokuxhumana, i-USB yangaphandle yezindiza futhi zisakwazi ukudlula idatha yedivayisi yokugcina yangaphandle.
Indlela Okuqhathaniswa Nayo ku-USB 3 naku-eSATA
I-USB 3.0 yiyona ebonakalayo kakhulu emiphakathini yangaphakathi yejubane yezingcingo. Kunenzuzo yokuhambisana nayo yonke imikhakha ye-USB 2.0 ebuyela emuva eyenza kube usizo kakhulu kodwa inomkhawulo wokuba ichwethi eyodwa ngedivaysi ngaphandle kokuthi ifoni yehabhu isetshenziswe. Ihlinzeka ngokudluliselwa kwedatha ephelele ye-bi-directional kodwa isivinini cishe ingxenye engama-half of Thunderbolt ku-4.8Gbps. Ngenkathi ingahambisani ngokuqondile nesignali yevidiyo ngendlela iThunderbolt eyenzela ngayo i-DisplayPort, ingasetshenziselwa izimpawu zevidiyo noma ngokusebenzisa i-monitor eqondile ye-USB noma ngedivaysi yesiteshi esisekelwe phansi esingakwazi ukukhipha isignali kumqapha ojwayelekile. Ukuphazamiseka ukuthi isignali yevidiyo ine-latency ephakeme kune-Thunderbolt ne-DisplayPort abaqaphi.
I-Thunderbolt ngokusobala iyashintshashintsha kakhulu kune-interface ye- EATA yomsakazo njengoba iguquguquka kakhulu. I-SATA yangaphandle isebenze kuphela ekusetshenzisweni namadivayisi wesitoreji sangaphandle, ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyasebenza kuphela ukuxhuma kudivayisi eyodwa yesitoreji. Manje, lokho kungaba yindlela yokushayela engahle ibe yinto esheshayo futhi ibambe idatha eminingi. I-Thunderbolt inomsebenzi wokukwazi ukuxhumana namadivaysi amaningi. Ngokufanayo, izindinganiso ze-eSATA zamanje zisuka ku-6Gbps uma kuqhathaniswa ne-10Gbps ye-Thunderbolt.
I-Thunderbolt 3
Inguqulo yakamuva yeThunderbolt yakha phezu kwemibono yezinguqulo zangaphambilini ngokwenza kube mncane, ngokushesha futhi ngezici eziningi. Esikhundleni sokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-DisplayPort, abusekelwe ku-USB 3.1 noxhumene naye omusha we-Type C. Lokhu kuvula amanani amasha amasha kufaka ikhono lokunikeza amandla phezu kwekhebula ngaphezu kwamasignali wedatha. Ngokuqinisekile, i-laptop esebenzisa i-Port Thunderbolt 3 ingafakwa amandla ngokusebenzisa ikhebula ngenkathi iphinda isebenzise ukuthumela ividiyo nedatha kwisiteshi sokuqapha noma isisekelo. Ukuhamba nakho okunye okusemandleni emakethe okuphuma ku-40Gbps, izikhathi ezine zeGen 3 USB esheshayo 3.1. Ichweba lisalokhu lilinganiselwe ekusetshenzisweni kwayo kodwa ngokuphakama kwama-laptops e-ultrathin, cishe kuzothathwa emishini yemikhiqizo ephezulu ngokushesha ngokubonga ngezici ezifana nokusebenzisa amakhadididi ehluzo yedeskithophu .
Iziphetho
Ngenkathi i-Thunderbolt isengasheshi yokwamukelwa ngabakhiqizi abangaphandle kwe-Apple, sekuqala ekugcineni ukubona izinombolo eziningi eziyinkimbinkimbi zenza imakethe. Phela, i-USB 3.0 ikhishwe cishe cishe unyaka ngaphambi kokuba iqale ukwenza kube yi-PC eminingi. Ukuguquguquka kwesibonakaliso sesikhombimsebenzisi sezinhlelo ezincane ze-computing kuphoqeleka kakhulu kubakhiqizi abaningi ukuba baqale ukufaka ama-laptops e-ultrathin. Eqinisweni, imininingwane entsha ye-Ultrabook 2.0 esuka ku-Intel ikholi ye-Thunderbolt noma i-USB 3.0 isikhombimsebenzisi okufanele idingeke kuzinhlelo. Lesi sidingo singase sikhuthaze ukwemukelwa kwe-port interface kakhulu eminyakeni ezayo.