Incazelo ye-Bitmap ne-Raster

Isithombe se-bitmap (noma i-raster) singenye yezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zemifanekiso (enye i-vector). Izithombe ezisekelwe ku-Bitmap zenziwe ngamaphikseli egridi. I-pixel ngayinye noma "bit" esithombeni ifaka ulwazi mayelana nombala okumele uboniswe. Izithombe ze-Bitmap zinesinqumo esinqunyiwe futhi azikwazi ukusatshalaliswa ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ikhwalithi yesithombe. Nasi isizathu:

I-pixel ngayinye esikrinini sakho, ngokwemigomo elula, i- "bit" yolwazi lombala olusetshenziselwa ukubonisa isithombe esikrinini. Lesi sikrini singaba sincane njengaleyo ku-Apple Watch noma enkulu njengeBhodi yePixel etholakala kwi-Times Square.

Kanye nokudinga ukwazi imibala emithathu- I-Red, Green, Blue- isetshenziselwa i-pixel enye "bit" yolwazi yilapho, ncamashi leyo pixel isesithombeni.Lezi pixel zenziwa lapho isithombe sithathwe. Ngakho-ke uma ikhamera yakho ithatha isithombe kuma-pixels angu-1280 kuwo wonke ama-pixel angu-720 phansi kunamaphikseli angu-921 600 emfanekisweni nombala wendawo yepikseli ngayinye kumele kukhunjulwe futhi kuhunyushwe. Uma uphinda ubukhulu besithombe, konke okwenzekayo amaphikseli athola amakhulu futhi usayizi wefayela ukwanda ngoba inombolo efanayo yamaphikseli manje endaweni enkulu. Awekho amaphikseli angeziwe. Uma unciphisa ubukhulu besithombe inombolo efanayo yamaphikseli asezindaweni ezincane futhi, ngaleyo ndlela, usayizi wefayela uyancipha.

Esinye isici esithinta bitmaps yisinqumo. Isinqumo sinqunywe lapho isithombe sidalwa. Amakhamera amaningi anamuhla adijithali, isibonelo, athatha izithombe nge-resolution ye-dpi engu-300. Konke lokho kusho ukuthi kukhona amaphikseli angu-300 kuwo wonke amasentimitha angu-line wesithombe. Lokhu kuchaza ukuthi kungani izithombe zekhamera yedijithali zingaba nzima kakhulu. Kunamaphikseli amaningi amathani ukuze ahlolwe futhi afakwe kumbala kunokuba atholakale ngokuvamile ekuboniseni ikhompyutha evamile.

Amafomethi ajwayelekile we-bitmap asekelwe yi-JPEG, GIF, TIFF, PNG, PICT, ne-BMP. Izithombe eziningi ze-bitmap zingaguqukela kwamanye amafomethi ase-bitmap kalula. Izithombe ze-Bitmap zivame ukuba nezikhulu ezinkulu zefayili kunezingqayizivele ze-vector futhi zivame ukuncintiswa ukunciphisa usayizi wazo. Nakuba amafomethi wegrafu amaningi ayinama-bitmap-based, i-bitmap (BMP) futhi ifomethi yesithombe kodwa ukusetshenziswa kwayo namuhla akuvamile.

Ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nezinto ezisetshenzisiwe ze-bitmaps, incazelo ephelele yamaphikseli kanye nendlela afanele ngayo ekuphumeni komsebenzi wanamuhla, ungase ufune ukuhlola ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana namafomethi efayela ahlukahlukene asetshenziselwa ukucabanga ukuthi ungase ufune ukufunda Iphi Ifayela Lamafayela Ifomethi Ycono Kakhulu Ukusebenzisa Nini?

Kubuyekezwe ngu-Tom Green.

I-Graphics Glossary

Futhi eyaziwa ngokuthi: i- raster

Okunye okuphenywayo: imephu ye-BMP