Ukubheka Kancane Indlela I-Brand Napster Eye Yashintsha Ngayo Iminyaka
Ngaphambi kokuba uNapster abe isevisi yomculo e-intanethi namhlanje, ubhekene nobuso obuhluke kakhulu uma kuqala kuqala ekupheleni kweminyaka engu-90. Abathuthukisi baseNapster yasekuqaleni (abazalwane uShawn noJohn Fanning, kanye noSean Parker) baqala isevisi njengenethiwekhi yokwabelana ngefayela ye-peer-to-peer ( P2P ). Uhlelo lokusebenza lwesofthiwe lulula ukuyisebenzisa futhi lwenzelwe ngokukhethekile ukwabelana ngamafayela womculo we-digital ( kufomethi ye-MP3 ) kunethiwekhi yexhunyiwe kuWebhu.
Le nsizakalo yayithandwa kakhulu futhi inikeze indlela elula yezigidi zabasebenzisi be-intanethi ukuthola inqwaba yamafayili alalelwayo alalelwayo mahhala (ikakhulukazi umculo) angawabelwana ngawo namanye amalungu eNapster. I-Napster yaqala ukuqala ngo-1999 futhi yavame ukuphakama njengoba abasebenzisi be-intanethi bathola amandla amakhulu enkonzo. Konke okwakudingeka ukujoyina inethiwekhi ye-Napster kwakuwukudala i-akhawunti yamahhala (ngegama lomsebenzisi nephasiwedi). Lapho ukuphakama kukaNapster kuphakama, kwakukhona abasebenzisi abangaba yizigidi ezingu-80 ababhalisiwe kwinethiwekhi yayo. Eqinisweni, kwakuthandwa kakhulu kangangokuba amakholeji amaningi kwakudingeka avimbele ukusetshenziswa kweNapster ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa kwenethiwekhi okubangelwa abafundi abazothola umculo usebenzisa ukwabelana ngefayili kuya kohlobo.
Inzuzo enkulu kubasebenzisi abaningi kwakungenxa yokuthi kwakukhona umculo omkhulu ongalandwa mahhala. Cishe zonke izinhlobo zomculo wohlobo lwama-music wawukuthempompi ku-MP3 format - evela emithonjeni yomsindo efana namateyipu omculo we-analog, amarekhodi e-vinyl, nama-CD. I-Napster nayo iyisisetshenziswa esiwusizo kubantu abafuna ukulanda ama-albhamu angavamile, ukurekhoda kwe-bootleg, kanye ne-toppers yamuva yezhadi.
Kodwa-ke, isevisi yekwabelana ngefayili yaseNapster ayizange ihlale isikhathi eside ngenxa yokungabi nokulawulwa kokudluliswa kwezinto ezibhalwe nge-copyright yonkana kwinethiwekhi yayo. Ukusebenza okungekho emthethweni eNapster kungekudala ku-rada ye-RIAA (Ukuqopha Industry Industry of America) owafaka icala ngokumelene nokusabalalisa okungagunyaziwe kwezinto eziphathelene ne-copyright. Ngemva kwempi ende enkantolo, i-RIAA yagcina ithola umyalelo ovela ezinkantolo ezaphoqa eNapster ukuvala inethiwekhi yayo ngonyaka ka-2001.
I-Napster izalwe kabusha
Ngokushesha ngemva kokuba uNapster ephoqelelwe ukuba asuse izimpahla zayo ezisele, uRoxio (inkampani yezokuxhumana yedijithali), wabeka imali engu $ 5.3 million ukuze athenge amalungelo eNepster's portfolio, brand brand, kanye nezimpawu zokuthengisa. Lokhu kwamukelwa yinkantolo yokuqothulwa ngonyaka ka-2002 ekubhekiseni ukuchithwa kwempahla kaNapster. Lo mcimbi ubhalwe isahluko esisha emlandweni waseNapster. Ngokutholakala kwayo okusha, uRoxio wasebenzisa igama eliqinile laseNapster ukuze aphinde akhiphe isitolo sakhe somculo we-PressPlay futhi abize nge-Napster 2.0
Ezinye izinzuzo
Uphawu lweNapster luye lwabona izinguquko eziningi eminyakeni edlule, kanti ukuthengwa okuningana kwenzeka kusukela ngo-2008. Owokuqala yi-Best Buy's takeover deal, okuyizigidi ezingu-121 zamaRandi. Ngaleso sikhathi, kubikwa ukuthi insizakalo yomculo wedijithali yaseNapster yayinezinkampani ezibhalisa ezingu-700,000. Ngo-2011, isevisi yomculo yokusakaza , i-Rhapsody, inenkinga ye-Best Buy yokuthola ababhalisile baseNapster kanye 'namanye amafa'. Imininingwane yezimali ye-acquisition ayidalulwanga, kepha isivumelwano sinikeze i-Best Buy ukuthi igcine isigxobo esincane ku- Rhapsody . Nakuba igama le-Napster eliyisithonjana sanyamalala e-US, le nsizakalo yayisatholakala ngaphansi kwegama leNapster e-United Kingdom naseJalimane.
Njengoba uthola iNapster, uRhapsody uye waqhubeka nokuthuthukisa umkhiqizo futhi wagxila ekuqiniseni umkhiqizo eYurophu. Ngonyaka ka-2013, wamemezela ukuthi uzokhipha umsebenzi waseNapster emazweni angu-14 engeziwe eYurophu.