Ingxenye I: Ukusebenza
Imidiya ehleliwe noma isitoreji se-hard drive imakethe enkulu kakhulu futhi ehlukahlukene. Amashayeli asebenzayo avela kusuka ephaketheni eliphezulu lesiphathi sezinsizakalo aqhubela ezincane ezincane mayelana nobukhulu bekota. Ngezo zonke izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokushayela ngaphandle emakethe, umuntu uhamba kanjani ngokukhetha i-drive efanele yekhompyutha yakhe?
Ukuthola ibanga elifanele lihlehlela phansi ukwazi ukuthi yini oyifunayo ku-drive. Ingabe ukusebenza isici sokushayela ikhompyutha? Ingabe umthamo konke okubalulekile? Noma ingabe i-aesthetics? Lezi yizigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko zokuhlola noma iyiphi i-hard drive emakethe. Sethemba ukuthi lo mhlahlandlela uzokusiza ukunquma ukuthi yiziphi zezici ezibalulekile nokuthi uzibheke kanjani uma uthenga i-hard drive yakho elandelayo .
Ukusebenza
Ukusebenza yisici sokushayela ukukhethwa kwabantu abaningi kanzima . I-hard drive esheshayo ithinta ngqo yonke imisebenzi yakho ye-computing. Ukusebenza komshini oqinile kunqunywa ngempela yizici ezine ezisemqoka zedrayivu:
- Isikhombisi-ndlela
- Isivinini sokujikeleza
- Isikhathi sokufinyelela
- Usayizi we-Buffer
Ukungenelela
Kukhona okwamanje izixhumi ezimbili ezisemqoka ezisetshenziselwa ukushayela ngamakhompyutha akho emakethe: I-Serial ATA (SATA) ne-IDE (noma i-ATA). Kukhona isikhombimsebenzisi se- SCSI esasetshenziswe ngaphambilini kwezinye izidakamizwa zokusebenza eziphezulu kepha lokhu kuye kwashiywa futhi kuvame ukusetshenziswa kuphela kwisitoreji sevava.
Ukungena kwe-IDE yindlela ejwayelekile kunazo zonke ye-interface etholakala kumakhompyutha abo. Kunezibalo eziningi ezitholakalayo ze-IDE ezivela ku-ATA / 33 kuya ku-ATA / 133. Iningi lomsakazo lisekela kuze kube sezingeni le-ATA / 100 futhi libuyele emuva lihunyushwe nezinguqulo ezindala. Inombolo kule nguqulo ibonisa ukuphakama komkhawulokudonsa emaphethelweni angu-megabytes ngomzuzwana isikhombikubona singakwazi ukusingatha. Ngakho-ke, isikhombimsebenzisi se-ATA / 100 singasisekela i-100 MB / sec. Njengamanje akukho drayivu eyinkimbinkimbi ekwazi ukufinyelela lezi zindleko zokudlulisa okuqhubekayo, ngakho noma yini engaphezu kwe-ATA / 100 ayidingi.
Amadivaysi amaningi
Impendulo enkulu kunazo zonke kwizinga le-IDE ukuthi liphatha kanjani amadivaysi amaningi. Umlawuli ngamunye we-IDE unamashaneli amabili angawasekela amadivayisi angu-2. Nokho, isilawuli kufanele sikhulise ijubane layo kudivayisi esheshayo esiteshini. Yingakho ubona iziteshi ezimbili ze-IDE: enye yezinkinobho ezinzima kanye neyesibili yokushayela okukhanyayo. I-hard drive ne-optical drive esiteshini esifanayo kumphumela wesilawuli esikhala emuva ukusebenza kwayo kwijubane lokushayela elenzakalelayo elonakalisa ukusebenza kwe-hard drive.
I-Serial ATA
I-Serial ATA yiyona isikhombimsebenzisi esisha futhi ishintsha ngokushesha i-IDE kuma-drive asebenzayo. I-interface elula isebenzisa ikhebula nge-drive futhi ijubane lisuka ku-150 MB / s kuya ku-300 Mb / s ngezinuqulo zakamuva. Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe kule interface, bheka isihloko sami se- Serial ATA .
Ijubane lokujikeleza lama diski ekushayela liyisici esikhulu kunazo zonke ekusebenzeni kwedrayivu. Ephakeme ijubane lokujikeleza lokushayela, idatha eyengeziwe idrayivu ingafunda futhi ibhale kusuka ku-drive ngesikhathi esithile esinqunyiwe. Ukushisa nomsindo yizimboni ezimbili zejubane eliphakeme lokujikeleza. Imithelela yokushisa ukusebenza kwe-elekthronikhi ngaphakathi kwikhompyutha, ikakhulukazi uma kune-ventilation empofu. Umsindo ungabangela iziphazamiso zabantu abakhona noma ezungeze ikhompyutha. Amakhompikhi amaningi ekhompiyutha ekhaya ajikeleza ngo-7200 rpm. Amanye amaseva esheshayo esheshayo agijima ku-10,000 rpm.
Isikhathi sokufinyelela
Izikhathi zokufinyelela zibhekisela ebude besikhathi kuthatha idrayivu ukubeka ikhanda lokushayela endishini ukuze umsebenzi ofanelekile. Ngokuvamile kunezikhathi ezine zokufinyelela ezibalwe kuzo zonke izingcingo ezinzima ezimakethe:
- Funda Funa
- Bhala Funa
- Track-to-Track
- Stroke egcwele
Zonke ezine zilinganiselwe kuma-millisecond. Ukufuna ukufundwa ngokuvamile kuyisikhathi esithathayo esidinga ukuhambisa ikhanda kusuka endaweni eyodwa ku-drive kuya kwenye ukuze ufunde idatha kusuka ku-drive. Bhala ukufuna kungakanani isilinganiso esithatha isikhathi esithatha idrayivu ukuhambisa isikhala esingenalutho kwi disk bese uqala ukubhala idatha. I-Track-to-track yikhiqiza isikhathi esiningi idrayivu ethatha ukuhambisa ikhanda lokushayela kukho ithrekhi ngayinye elandelanayo ku-drive. Ukushaywa okugcwele yisikhathi sithatha ikhanda lokushayela ukuba lihambe ukusuka engaphandle kuya kwingxenye yangaphakathi yediski noma ubude obugcwele bokuhamba kwekhanda lokushayela. Kuzo zonke lezi, inombolo encane isho ukusebenza okuphezulu.
Isici sokugcina esithinta ukusebenza kwe-hard drive iyinani le-buffer ku-drive. I-buffer ye-drive iyinani le-RAM esiteshini sokugcina idatha efinyelelwe njalo kusuka ku-drive. Njengoba i-RAM ishesha ngokudlulisa idatha kunokusebenza kwekhanda lokushayela, yandisa ijubane le-drive. I-buffer engaphezulu ku-drive, idatha eyengeziwe engagcinwa ku-cache ukunciphisa inani lokusebenza komzimba. Iningi lokushayela namuhla liza ne-8MB drive buffer. Amanye amashayeli asebenzayo afana nesiphakamitha esikhulu se-16MB.