Kunezinhlobo eziningana zamafonti akha ama-fonts amaningi atholakele namhlanje. Izinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko amafonti e-OpenType, amafonti we-TrueType, namafonti we-Postscript (noma Uhlobo 1).
Abaqambi bezithombe kudingeka baqaphele uhlobo lwamafonti abasebenzisa ngenxa yezinkinga zokuhambisana. I-OpenType ne-TrueType yiyona yesikhulumi esizimele, kodwa i-PostScript ayikho. Isibonelo, uma uhlela ucezu lokuphrinta oluthembele kumbhalo odala we-Postscript, iphrinta yakho kufanele ibe nesistimu yokusebenza efanayo (Mac noma i-Windows) ukuze ukwazi ukufunda kahle ifonti.
Ngenqwaba yamafonti atholakalayo namuhla, kuvamile ukuthi kuzodingeka uthumele amafayela akho wefonti kuphrinta kanye namafayela wakho wephrojekthi. Lesi yisinyathelo esibalulekile enkambweni yokuklama ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola kahle lokho owaklanyelwe.
Ake sibheke izinhlobo ezintathu zamafonti nokuthi ziqhathaniswa kanjani nomunye.
01 ka-03
I-OpenType Font
Amafonti e-OpenType ayimigomo yamanje emafonini. Efonini ye- OpenType , kokubili isikrini nesitayela sephrinta kufakwe efayeleni elilodwa (elifana namafonti we-TrueType).
Zivumela futhi ukuthi kube nesimboli esikhulu somlingiswa omkhulu ongakwazi ukubhala ama-glyphe angaphezu kuka-65,000. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ifayela elilodwa lingabandakanya izinhlamvu ezingeziwe, izilimi, nezibalo okungenzeka zakhishwe ngaphambilini njengezifayili ezihlukene. Amafayela amaningi wefonti e-OpenType (ikakhulukazi kusuka kuLabhulali ye-Adobe OpenType) nawo afaka ubukhulu obukhulu njengamagama-ncazo, avamile, angaphansi, nokubonisa.
Ifayela likhulisa ukucindezela, ukudala isayizi encane yefayela naphezu kwayo yonke idatha eyengeziwe.
Ukwengeza, amafayela wefonti evulekile e-OpenType ahambisana neWindows ne-Mac. Lezi zici zenza amafonti e-OpenType alula ukuphatha nokusabalalisa.
Amafonti e-OpenType adalwe yi-Adobe ne-Microsoft, futhi njengamanje ifomethi yefonti yokuqala iyatholakala. Noma kunjalo, amafonti we-TrueType asetshenziswa kakhulu.
Ifayela lesandiso : .otf (liqukethe idatha ye-postscript). Kungabuye ibe nokwandiswa kwe-.ttf uma ifonti isekelwe kwifolda ye-TrueType.
02 ka-03
I-TrueType Font
Ifonti ye-TrueType ifayela elilodwa eliqukethe izinguqulo zesikrini kanye nephrinta ye-typeface. Amafonti we-TrueType akha inqwaba yamafonti afike ngokuzenzakalelayo efakwe izinhlelo zokusebenza ze- Windows ne- Mac iminyaka.
Idalwe iminyaka eminingana ngemuva kwamafonti we-PostScript, amafonti we-TrueType kulula ukuphatha ngoba ifayela elilodwa. Amafonti e-TrueType avumela ukuhlehliswa okwedlulele kakhulu, inqubo ekhomba ukuthi yimaphi amaphikseli aboniswayo. Ngenxa yalokho, lokhu kukhiqiza ukubonisa kwefonti kangcono kuzo zonke izilinganiso.
Amafonti we-TrueType ekuqaleni adalwe yi-Apple futhi kamuva anikezwe ilayisensi ku-Microsoft, okwenza kube ngumkhakha wemboni.
Ifayela lesandiso : .ttf
03 ka 03
Ifolda yePostScript
Ifonti ye-PostScript, eyaziwa nangokuthi ifonti ye-Type 1, inezingxenye ezimbili. Ingxenye eyodwa iqukethe ulwazi lokubonisa ifonti esikrinini kanti enye ingxenye ukunyathelisa. Uma amafonti we-PostScript enikezwa kumaphrinta, kokubili izinguqulo (ukuphrinta neskrini) kufanele zinikezwe.
Amaphoyinti we-PostScript avumela izinga eliphezulu, ukunyathelisa okuphezulu. Zingaqukatha ama-glyphe ama-256 kuphela, zakhiwe yi-Adobe, futhi isikhathi eside zibhekwa ukukhetha komsebenzi wokunyathelisa. Amafayela wefonti ye-PostScript awahambisani ne-platform, okusho izinguqulo ezahlukene ezikhona kuma-Mac ne-PC.
Amaphoyinti we-PostScript ashintshiwe kabanzi, okokuqala yi-TrueType bese kufakwa amafonti e-OpenType. Ngenkathi amafonti e-TrueType esebenza kahle eceleni kwe-PostScript (nge-TrueType ebusa ukuphrinta kwesinqumo kanye ne-PostScript), amafonti e-OpenType ahlangene eziningi zezinto ezinhle kakhulu zombili futhi abe yifomethi ehamba phambili.
Kungenzeka ukuguqula amafonti amaningi we-Postscript ku-OpenType uma kudingeka.
Ifayela lesandiso: Amafayela amabili adingekayo.
- Ku-Windows, .pfb (I-Printer Font Binary, uhlaka lwefonti langempela) kanye ne-.pfm (Iphrinta ye-Font Metrics, idatha ye-metric njenge-kerning).
- Ku-Mac, .lwfn (uhlaka lwefonti) kanye ne-.ffil (i-suitcase yefonti).
- Ku-Linux, .pfa (ifayela lefonti) kanye .afm (amamethrikhi).