Excel Isinyathelo Ngesisekelo Isifundo Basic

Ukusebenzisa i-Excel akuyona kanzima njengoba kubonakala

I-Excel iyinqubo yokupredishithi ye-electronic ( isofthiwe ye- aka) esetshenziselwa ukugcina, ukuhlela nokuphatha idatha.

Idatha igcinwa kumangqamuzana angamanye ajwayele ukuhlelwa ochungechungeni lwamakholomu nemigqa kushidi lokusebenzela. Leli qoqo lamakholomu nemigqa libhekwa njengetafula. Amathebula asebenzisa izihloko emgqeni ophezulu futhi ahlele phansi ngakwesokunxele kwethebula ukuze abone idatha egcinwe etafuleni.

I-Excel ingenza futhi izibalo kudatha besebenzisa amafomula . Futhi ukusiza ukwenza kube lula ukuthola nokufunda ulwazi kushidi lokusebenzela, i-Excel inezici eziningi zokufometha ezingasetshenziswa kumaseli ngabanye, imigqa namakholomu, noma kuwo wonke amatafula wedatha.

Njengoba ishidi ngalinye lomsebenzi ezenzakalweni zamuva ze-Excel liqukethe izigidi zamaseli ngeshidi lomsebenzi, iseli ngalinye linalo ikheli elibizwa ngokuthi ireferensi yeseli ukuze libhekiswe emafomulini, emashadi, nakwezinye izici zohlelo.

Lesi sifundo sihlanganisa izinyathelo ezidingekayo ukudala nokufometha ispredishithi eyisisekelo equkethe ithebula yedatha, amafomula, nokufometha okubonwe esithombeni ngenhla.

Izihloko ezifakiwe kulokhu okufundiswa yizo:

• Ukufaka idatha etafuleni
• Ukwandisa amakholomu womsebenzi ngamunye
• Ukwengeza usuku lwamanje kanye nobubanzi obuqanjwe kuphepha lokusebenzela
• Ukwengeza ifomula yokudonsa
• Ukwengeza isamba somholo wenetha
• Ukukopisha amafomu nge-Handle Fill
• Ukwengeza ukufometha kwenombolo kudatha
• Ukwengeza ukufometha kweseli

01 ngo-08

Ukuqala ithebula lesedatha

Ukufaka idatha kumaseli okusebenza okusebenzayo njalo inqubo yesinyathelo esithathu.

Lezi zinyathelo ziyi:

1. Chofoza kuseli lapho ufuna khona idatha.
2. Thayipha idatha esitokisini.
3. Cindezela ukhiye wokungena kwikhibhodi noma chofoza kwenye iseli negundane.

Njengoba kukhonjisiwe, iseli ngalinye elisekhasini lokusebenzela likhonjiswe ngekheli noma isithenjwa sefoni , eliqukethe incwadi yekholomu nenombolo yomugqa ohamba endaweni yeseli.

Uma ubhala ireferensi yeseli, incwadi yekholomu ihlale ibhalwe phansi kuqala ilandelwa inombolo yomugqa - njenge-A5, C3, noma i-D9.

Uma ufaka idatha yalolu tutorial, kubalulekile ukungena idatha kumaseli okusebenza okushiwo amafomethi. Amafomu afakwe ezinyathelweni ezalandela azisebenzisa izinkomba zocingo zedatha efakiwe manje.

Ukufaka idatha yokufundisa

1. Ukuze ulandele lo mkhakha, sebenzisa izinkomba zesitokisi yedatha ebonwe esithombeni esingenhla ukuze ufake yonke idatha ibe ishidi lokusebenzela le-Excel elingenalutho.

02 ngo-08

Ukwandisa Amakholomu ku-Excel

Ngokuzenzakalelayo, ububanzi beseli kuvumela izinhlamvu eziyisishiyagalombili kuphela zokungena kwedatha okumele ziboniswe ngaphambi kokuba le datha ichithekele esitokisini esilandelayo ngakwesokudla.

Uma iseli noma amaseli ngakwesokudla kungenalutho, idatha efakiwe iboniswa ephepheni lokusebenzela, njengoba kuboniswe ngesihloko seshidi lomsebenzi Ukukhishwa kwama-Employees kufakwe esitokisini A1.

Uma iseli ngakwesokudla iqukethe idatha noma kunjalo, okuqukethwe kweseli yokuqala kuthathwe izinhlamvu eziyisishiyagalombili zokuqala.

Amaseli amaningana wedatha afakwe kwisinyathelo sangaphambilini, njengelebula lokukhishwa kwelebula : angene esitokisini B3 no- Thompson A. angene esitokisini A8 athunjwe ngoba amaseli ngakwesokudla aqukethe idatha.

Ukuze ulungise le nkinga ukuze idatha ibonakale ngokugcwele, amakholomu aqukethe leyo datha adinga ukukhululwa.

Njengawo wonke ama-Microsoft, kunezindlela eziningi zokukhulisa amakholomu . Izinyathelo ezingezansi zihlanganisa indlela yokwandisa amakholomu usebenzisa igundane.

Ukwandisa Amakholomu Wokusebenzela Omuntu ngamunye

1. Beka isikhombisi segundane emgqeni phakathi kwamakholomu A no-B kusihlokweni sekholomu .
2. I-pointer izoshintshela kumcibisholo ophethwe kabili.
3. Chofoza bese ubamba inkinobho yegundane lesokunxele bese uhudula umcibisholo ohlosiwe kabili ngakwesokudla ukwandisa ikholomu A kuze kungene konke ukungena Thompson A. kubonakala.
4. Vula amanye amakholomu ukuze ubonise idatha njengoba kudingeka.

Amakhulu Ubukhulu Bamakholomu kanye Nezihloko Zezinsuku Zokusebenza

Njengoba isihloko sekhasi lesikhathi eside siqhathaniswa namanye amalebula kukholomu A, uma lelo kholomu livuliwe ukuze libonise isihloko sonke esitokisini se-A1, ishidi lokusebenzela ngeke libukeke nje limangalisa, kodwa kungenza kube nzima ukusebenzisa iphepha lokusebenzela ngenxa izikhala phakathi kwamalebula ngakwesokunxele nakweminye ikholomu yedatha.

Njengoba kungekho okunye okufakwe emgqeni 1, akulungile ukushiya isihloko njengoba nje - ukuchitha ngaphezulu kwamaseli ngakwesokudla. Ngaphandle kwalokho, i-Excel inesici esibizwa ngokuthi ukuhlanganiswa kanye nesikhungo esizosetshenziselwa isinyathelo esilandelayo ukubeka ngokushesha isihloko esihlokweni sedatha.

03 ngo-08

Ukwengeza Usuku Nohlu Olubizwa Ngegama

Usuku Lomsebenzi Ukubukezwa

Kuyinto evamile ukwengeza idethi kuspredishithi - kaningi ukubonisa lapho ishidi ligcine libuyekezwe.

I-Excel inezinombolo zemisebenzi yamanje eyenza kube lula ukufaka idethi kushidi lokusebenzela.

Imisebenzi yilezi zindlela ezakhelwe ngaphakathi ku-Excel ukwenza kube lula ukuqedela imisebenzi ejwayelekile eyenziwe - njengokungeza usuku kushidi lokusebenzela.

Umsebenzi we- DAY namuhla kulula ukuyisebenzisa ngoba awunazo izimpikiswano - yidatha edinga ukunikezwa umsebenzi ukuze isebenze.

Umsebenzi wanamuhla ungomunye wemisebenzi ephikisayo ye-Excel, okusho ukuthi ivuselela yona njalo lapho kuvuselelwa kabusha - okuvame ukuhlala isikhathi sephepha lokusebenzela livuliwe.

Ukwengeza Usuku nomsebenzi wanamuhla

Izinyathelo ezingezansi zizofaka umsebenzi we-TODAY kumakhalekhukhwini C2 wephepha lokusebenzela.

1. Chofoza kuseli C2 ukuze wenze iseli esebenzayo
2. Chofoza kuthebhu yefomathi yebhande
3. Chofoza ku- Usuku Lwesikhathi Nesikhathi kwi Ribbon ukuvula uhlu lwemisebenzi yosuku
4. Chofoza kumsebenzi weNamuhla ukuze ukhulise ibhokisi lengxoxo lomsebenzi
5. Chofoza OK ku-ibhokisi lengxoxo ukuze ufake umsebenzi bese ubuyela ekhasini lokusebenzela
6. Usuku lwamanje kufanele lufakwe kuseli C2

Kubona ###### Izimpawu esikhundleni soLusuku

Uma umugqa wezimpawu zamathegi we-hashi uvela kuseli C2 esikhundleni sosuku ngemuva kokungeza umsebenzi we-TODAY kuleso seli, kungenxa yokuthi iseli alibanzi ngokwanele ukubonisa idatha efomatiwe.

Njengoba kukhonjisiwe ngaphambilini, izinombolo ezingenakuqhathaniswa noma idatha yombhalo ichithelela kumaseli angenalutho ngakwesokudla uma ivulekile kakhulu iseli. Idatha efomathiwe njengolwazi oluthile lwenombolo - njengemali, izinsuku, noma isikhathi, noma kunjalo, ungadluleli esitokisini esilandelayo uma ivulekile kunaseli lapho ikhona khona. Kunalokho, babonisa iphutha le- ######.

Ukuze ulungise inkinga, vula ikholomu C usebenzisa indlela echazwe kwisinyathelo esandulele sesifundo.

Ukwengeza Uhlobo Olubizwa Ngegama

Ibanga elibizwe lidalwe uma elinye noma amangqamuzana amaningi anikezwa igama ukwenza uhla lube lula ukubona. Izitayela eziqanjwe zingasetshenziswa njengengxenye yereferensi yeseli uma isetshenziselwa imisebenzi, amafomula kanye namashadi.

Indlela elula yokudala amabanga akhethiwe ukusebenzisa ibhokisi legama elisekhoneni elingakwesokunxele leshidi lomsebenzi ngaphezu kwezinombolo zegqawu.

Kulesi sifundo, isilinganiso segama sizonikezwa ku-cell C6 ukukhomba izinga lokudonsa elisetshenziselwa ukukhokhelwa kwabasebenzi. Ububanzi obunqunyelwe buzosetshenziselwa ifomu lokudonsa elizofakwa kwi cells C6 kuya ku-C kwekhasi lokusebenzela.

1. Khetha iseli C6 kushidi lokusebenzela
2. Thayipha "isilinganiso" (akukho izingcaphuno) ebhokisini legama bese ucindezela ukhiye wokungena kwikhibhodi
3. I-Cell C6 manje inegama elithi "isilinganiso"

Leli gama lizosetshenziselwa ukwenza lula ukufomula amafomula kusinyathelo esilandelayo sokufundisa.

04 ngo-08

Ukufaka i-Formula Yokukhishwa kwabasebenzi

I-Excel Formulas Sibutsetelo

Amafomu ama-Excel akuvumela ukuba wenze izibalo kumininingwane yenombolo efakwe kushidi lokusebenzela .

Amafomu e- Excel angasetshenziselwa ukukhonjiswa kwenombolo eyisisekelo, njengokufaka noma ukukhipha, kanye nokubala okunzima kakhulu, njengokuthola isilinganiso somfundi emiphumeleni yokuhlola, nokubala izinkokhelo zokubolekwa kwempahla.

• Amafomula e-Excel aqala njalo ngesibonakaliso esifanayo ( = )
• Uphawu olulinganayo lufakwe njalo esitokisini lapho ufuna impendulo ivele khona
• Ifomula igcwaliswe ngokucindezela ukhiye wokungena kwikhibhodi

Ukusebenzisa Ukubhekisela Kwezingqimba Ngamafomula

Indlela evamile yokudala amafomula ku-Excel ihilela ukufaka idatha yefomula kumaseli okusebenza bese usebenzisa izinkomba zeselula kwedatha kwifomula, kunokuba idatha uqobo.

Inzuzo eyinhloko yale ndlela ukuthi uma kamuva kudingekile ukuthi ushintshe idatha , kuyindaba elula yokufaka idatha emangqamuzaneni esikhundleni sokubhala kabusha ifomula.

Imiphumela yefomula izovuselela ngokuzenzekelayo uma idatha ishintsha.

Ukusebenzisa imigqa ebizwa ngamafomula

Okunye okunye okubhekiselwe kweseli kusetshenziselwa ububanzi bendawo - njengezinga elibizwa ngokuthi uhla lokudala elidalwe kwisinyathelo sangaphambilini.

Ngendlela ethile, umsebenzi obizwa ngokuthi ububanzi obufana negama lesitokisi kodwa ngokuvamile usetshenziselwa amanani asetshenziswe izikhathi eziningi emafomulini ahlukene - njengenani lokunciphisa amapensheni noma izinzuzo zezempilo, izinga lentela, noma isayensi njalo - kuyilapho izingqikithi zeseli zisebenza ngokwengeziwe emafomulini abhekisela kudatha ethile ngqo kanye kuphela.

Ezinyathelweni ezingezansi, kokubili izingqikithi zeseli kanye nobubanzi obuqanjiwe zisetshenziselwa ukwakha amafomula.

Ukufaka i-Formula Yokukhishwa kwabasebenzi

Ifomula yokuqala edalwe esitokisini C6 izokwandisa Umholo Omningi wezisebenzi B. Smith ngokulinganiselwa kokunciphisa esitokisini C3.

Ifomula eliqediwe kuseli C6 lizoba:

= Isilinganiso esingu-B6 *

Ukusebenzisa Ukukhomba Ukufaka Ifomula

Yize kungenzeka ukuthi uthayiphe ifomula engenhla ibe yiseli C6 futhi uphendule impendulo efanele, kungcono ukusebenzisa ukukhomba ukufaka izingqikithi zeseli emafomula ukuze unciphise amathuba amaphutha adalwe ngokuthayipha engxenyeni engafanele yeseli.

Ukukhomba kuhilela ukuchofoza esitokisini equkethe idatha nge-pointer yegundane ukufaka ireferensi yeseli noma ububanzi obuqanjwe kumfomula.

1. Chofoza kumakhalekhukhwini C6 ukuze wenze iseli esebenzayo
2. Thayipha uphawu olulinganayo ( = ) esitokisini C6 ukuze uqale ifomula
3. Chofoza kuseli B6 ngesinathisi segundane ukwengeza ukuthi ireferensi yeseli kwifomu ngemuva kwesibonakaliso esifanayo
4. Thayipha uphawu lokubuyabuyelela ( * ) esitokisini C6 ngemuva kokubhekisela kweseli
5. Chofoza kuseli C3 nge-pointer yegundane ukuze ungeze izinga lokulinganisa elibizwa ngefomula
6. Cindezela ukhiye wokungena kwikhibhodi ukuqedela ifomula
7. Impendulo 2747.34 kufanele ibe khona esitokisini C6
8. Ngisho noma impendulo yefomula iboniswa esitokisini C6, ukuchofoza kulelo seli kuzobonisa ifomula = ibanga * B6 * kubha yefomula ngaphezulu kwephepha lokusebenzela

05 ka-08

Ukufaka i-Formula Ye-Salary Net

Ukufaka i-Formula Ye-Salary Net

Le fomula idalwe esitokisini se-D6 futhi sinquma umholo wesikhashana somsebenzi ngokususa inani lokudonsa elibalwe kwifomula yokuqala kusukela ku- Salary Gross .

Ifomula eliqediwe ku-cell D6 kuyoba:

= B6 - C6

1. Chofoza kuseli D6 ukuze wenze iseli esebenzayo
2. Thayipha uphawu olulinganayo ( = ) ku-cell D6
3. Chofoza kuseli B6 ngesinathisi segundane ukwengeza ukuthi ireferensi yeseli kwifomu ngemuva kwesibonakaliso esifanayo
4. Thayipha uphawu lokususa ( - ) kuseli D6 ngemuva kokubhekisela kweseli
5. Chofoza kuseli C6 nge-pointer yegundane kuleyo ncazelo yeseli kwifomula
6. Cindezela ukhiye wokungena kwikhibhodi ukuqedela ifomula
7. Impendulo 43,041.66 kufanele ibe khona kuseli D6
8. Ukuze ubone ifomula kuseli D6, chofoza kulelo seli ukuze ubonise ifomu = B6 - C6 kubha yefomula

Izinkomba zocingo ezihlobene nokukopisha amafomula

Kuze kube manje, amafomula amaDeductions and Net Salary afakwe esitokisini esisodwa kuphela kuphepha lokusebenzela - C6 no-D6 ngokulandelana.

Ngenxa yalokho, ishadi lokusebenzela okwamanje liphelele kumsebenzi oyedwa kuphela - uBen Smith.

Esikhundleni sokudlulela umsebenzi ochitha isikhathi sokubuyisela ifomula ngayinye kwabanye abasebenzi, izimvume ze-Excel, ezimweni ezithile, amafomu okukopishwa kwamanye amaseli.

Lezi zimo ngokuvamile zihilela ukusebenzisa uhlobo oluthile lwesithenjwa se-cell - eyaziwa njengesithenjwa esisezingeni elihlobene - emafomulini.

Izingqikithi zeseli ezifakelwe emafomulini ezinyathelo ezandulele ziyizikhombisi zeseli ezihlobene, futhi zinguhlobo oluzenzakalelayo lweferensi yeseli ku-Excel, ukuze kwenziwe ukukopisha amafomula ngokuqondile ngangokunokwenzeka.

Isinyathelo esilandelayo ekufundiseni isebenzisa i-Handle Fill ukukopisha amafomula amabili emigqeni engezansi ukuze uqedele ithebula lwedatha kubo bonke abasebenzi.

06 ka-08

Ukukopisha amafomu nge-Handle Fill

Gcwalisa Uhlolojikelele Isandla

Isibambo sokugcwalisa isiteji esincane somnyama noma isikwele ekhoneni elingezansi elingakwesokudla leseli elisebenzayo .

Isibambo sokugcwalisa sinokusetshenziswa okuningi okufaka phakathi ukukopisha okuqukethwe kweseli kumaseli aseduze. ukugcwalisa amaseli ngenombolo yezinombolo noma amalebuli wombhalo, nokukopisha amafomula.

Kulesi sinyathelo sokufundisa, isibambo sokugcwalisa sizosetshenziselwa ukukopisha kokubili amafomula amaDeduction Net Net cells kusuka kumaseli C6 no-D6 kuya ezitokisini C9 no-D9.

Ukukopisha amafomu nge-Handle Fill

1. Gqamisa amaseli B6 no-C6 ekhasini lokusebenzela
2. Beka isikhombisi segundane phezu kwesikwele esimnyama engxenyeni engakwesokudla kweselula D6 - i-pointer izoshintsha ibe nesibonakaliso esengeziwe "+"
3. Chofoza bese ubamba inkinobho yegundane lesokunxele bese uhudula isibambo sokugcwalisa phansi kweseli C9
4. Khipha inkinobho yegundane - amaseli C7 kuya ku-C9 kufanele abe nemiphumela yefomula yokuqeda kanye namaseli D7 kuya ku-D9 ifomula ye- Net Salary

07 ngo-08

Ukusebenzisa ukufometha kwenombolo ku-Excel

Ukubheka kokufometha kwenombolo ye-Excel

Ukufometha kwenombolo kubhekisela ekungezeni izimpawu zemali, izimpawu zamadesimali, izimpawu zamaphesenti, nezinye izimpawu ezisiza ukukhomba uhlobo lwedatha ekhona esitokisini nokukwenza kube lula ukufunda.

Ukungeza isibonakaliso sePhesenti

1. Khetha iseli C3 ukuze uyiqokomise
2. Chofoza kuthebhu yaseKhaya ye- ribbon
3. Chofoza ku-Okukhethwa Okujwayelekile ukuvula imenyu yehla yeNombolo yeNombolo
4. Emenyu, chofoza inketho yePhesenti yokushintsha ifomethi yenani elisezingeni le-C3 kusuka ku-0.06 ukuya ku-6%

Ukungeza i-Symbol yeMali

1. Khetha amaseli D6 kuya ku-D9 ukuze uwaqokomise
2. Ethempelini laseKhaya lebhebhoni, chofoza ku-Okukhethwa Okujwayelekile ukuvula imenyu yehla yeNombolo yeNombolo
3. Chofoza kwiMali emenyu ukuze ushintshe ukufometha kwamanani kumaseli D6 kuya ku-D9 kuya kwemali enezindawo ezimbili zesimanje

08 ngo-08

Ukusebenzisa ukufometha kweselula ku-Excel

Ukubukwa kokufometha kweselula

Ukufometha kweselula kubhekisela kokhetho lokufometha - njengokusebenzisa ukufometha kwesibindi ukuthumela umbhalo noma izinombolo, ukuguqula ukulungiswa kwedatha, ukungeza imingcele kumaseli, noma ukusebenzisa isici nokuhlanganisa isikhungo ukuze ushintshe ukubukeka kwedatha esitokisini.

Kulesi sifundo, amafomethi weselula angenhla azosetshenziselwa amangqamuzana athile ephepha lokusebenzela ukuze ahambelane nephepha lokusebenzela eliphelile elivezwe ekhasini 1 lesifundo.

Ukungeza ukufometha kwe-Bold

1. Khetha iselula A1 ukuze uyiqokomise.
2. Chofoza kuthebhu yaseKhaya ye- ribbon .
3. Chofoza kwindlela yokufometha ye- Bold njengoba kukhonjiswe esithombeni esingenhla ukuze ubhale idatha ku-cell A1.
4. Phinda ukulandelana kwezinyathelo ezingenhla ukuze uhambise idatha kumaseli A5 kuya ku-D5.

Ukuguqula ukulungiswa kwedatha

Lesi sinyathelo sizoshintsha ukulungiswa okuzenzakalelayo kwesokunxele kwamaseli amaningana ukuze kuhanjiswe ukuqondanisa

1. Khetha iseli C3 ukuze uyiqokomise.
2. Chofoza kuthebhu yaseKhaya ye-ribbon.
3. Chofoza inketho yokuqondisa isikhungo njengoba kukhonjiswe esithombeni esingenhla ukuze ufake idatha ku-cell C3.
4. Phinda ukulandelana kwezinyathelo ezingenhla ukuze uqondise ukuvumelanisa idatha kumaseli A5 kuya ku-D5.

Hlanganisa nama-Cell Cells

Ukuhlangana nokuzikhethela Kwesikhungo kuhlanganisa inombolo ekhethiwe esitokisini esisodwa futhi kubeka ukungena kwedatha kweseli esiningi kwesokunxele ngaphesheya kweseli elisha elihlanganisiwe. Lesi sinyathelo sizohlanganisa futhi sibeke isihloko sephepha lokusebenzela - Izibalo zokuDeduc for Employees ,

1. Khetha amaseli A1 kuya ku-D1 ukuze uwaqokomise.
2. Chofoza kuthebhu yaseKhaya ye-ribbon.
3. Chofoza ku-inketho Yokuhlanganisa & Isikhungo njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingenhla ukuze uhlanganise amaseli A1 kuya ku-D1 bese ubeka isihloko kuwo wonke lawa maseli.

Ukungeza ama-Borders Bottom kuya kwamaseli

Lesi sinyathelo sizofaka imingcele engezansi kumaseli ekuqukethe idatha emigqeni engu-1, 5, no-9

1. Khetha iseli ehlanganisiwe A1 kuya ku-D1 ukuze uyiqokomise.
2. Chofoza kuthebhu yaseKhaya ye-ribbon.
3. Chofoza umcibisholo ophansi eduze kwe- Border option njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni ngenhla ukuvula imingcele yehlisa imenyu.
4. Chofoza kokukhethwa kwe- Bottom Border kumenyu ukuze ungeze umngcele kuya phansi kweseli elihlanganisiwe.
5. Phinda ukulandelana kwezinyathelo ezingenhla ukufaka umngcele ongaphansi kumaseli A5 kuya ku-D5 nakwamaseli A9 kuya ku-D9.