Njengoba izinhlelo zezokuxhumana ze-elekthronikhi zomhlaba zithuthukiswa, ezinye izimboni kanye nabaholi bezemfundo bafundela izimiso zabo futhi bahlongoza imibono ehlukahlukene yokusebenza kwabo. Eminye yale mibono yabe isivivinyo sesikhathi (esithile eside kakhulu kunabanye) futhi savela "emthethweni" esemthethweni abacwaningi abayilandela kamuva emsebenzini wabo. Imithetho engezansi iye yavela njengento efanele kakhulu emkhakheni wezokuxhumana kwikhompyutha.
Umthetho we-Sarnoff
UDavid Sarnoff wathuthela e-United States ngo-1900 waba ngumdayisi ovelele waseMelika emsakazweni nasethelevishini. Umthetho we-Sarnoff uthi inani lezimali lenethiwekhi yokusakaza lilingana ngqo nenani labantu abalisebenzisa. Lo mbono wawunamabonakude eminyakeni eyi-100 eyedlule lapho ama-telegraphs namarediyo okuqala asetshenziselwa ukuthumela imilayezo evela komuntu oyedwa kuya komunye. Ngenkathi lo mthetho ungajwayelekile kumanethiwekhi wamanje wekhompuyutha, kwakungenye yezinhlelo zokuqala ezisekelwe ekucabangeni ukuthi ezinye izinyathelo ezakhiwe.
UMthetho kaShannon
UClaude Shannon wayengumatemati oqedile umsebenzi wokuqeda amandla emkhakheni we-cryptography futhi wasungula insimu yolwazi lwama-inthanethi oluthile oluthile oluthile lwezobuchwepheshe zedijithali zokuxhumana. Ethuthukisiwe ngawo-1940, uMthetho ka-Shannon uyinqubo yezibalo echaza ubudlelwane phakathi (a) nesilinganiso sezinga elingenasiphelo sedatha yokuxhumanisa, (b) umkhawulokudonsa kanye (c) neSNR (isilinganiso senani-nomsindo):
i = b * log2 (1 + c)
Umthetho kaMetcalfe
URobert Metcalfe wayengumqambi we- Ethernet . I-Metcalfe's Law ithi "ukubaluleka kwenethiwekhi kwandisa ngokweqile inani lezinombolo." Okokuqala wakhulelwa cishe ngo-1980 esimweni sokuthuthukiswa kwentuthuko yase-Ethernet, uMthetho kaMetcalfe waziwa kabanzi futhi wasetshenziswa ngesikhathi se-intanethi ye-1990.
Lo mthetho uthambekele ekunciphiseni ukubaluleka kwebhizinisi elikhudlwana noma inethiwekhi yomphakathi (ikakhulukazi i-intanethi) ngoba ayiqapheli amaphethini okusetshenziswa kwabantu abaningi. Emanethiwekhi amakhulu, abasebenzisi abancane kanye nezindawo ezimbalwa bavame ukukhiqiza iningi lomgwaqo (kanye nenani elihambelanayo). Abaningi baye bahlongoza ukuguqulwa komthetho kaMetcalfe ukusiza ukubuyisela le miphumela yemvelo.
Umthetho we-Gilder
Umlobi uGeorge Gilder washicilela incwadi yakhe yeTelecosm: Yeka ukuthi i-Infinite Bandwidth izoguqula kanjani umhlaba wethu ngonyaka ka-2000 . Encwadini, i-Gilder's Law ithi "umkhawulokudonsa ukhula okungenani kathathu kunamakhompiyutha." UGilder ubizwa nangokuthi ungumuntu obizwa ngokuthi uMthetho kaMetcalfe ngo-1993 futhi wasiza ukwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwawo.
UMthetho KaReed
UDavid P. Reed ngumsayense osebenza kahle wekhompyutha ohileleke ekuthuthukiseni kokubili iTCP / IP ne- UDP . Ishicilelwe ngo-2001, uMthetho we-Reed's uthi ukusetshenziswa kwamanethiwekhi amakhulu kungakwazi ukulinganisela ngobukhulu besayizi wenethiwekhi. U-Reed uthi lapha umthetho kaMetcalfe wehlisa inani lenethiwekhi njengoba likhula.
Umthetho ka-Beckstrom
U-Rod Beckstrom uyisomabhizinisi wezobuchwepheshe. Umthetho ka-Beckstrom wanikezwa ngezinkomfa zokuqeqeshwa kwenethiwekhi ngonyaka ka-2009. Uthi "inani lenethiwekhi lilingana nenani lentengo elingeziwe emisebenzini yomsebenzisi ngamunye eyenziwa ngaleyo nethiwekhi, ehlonishwa ngombono womsebenzisi ngamunye, futhi isingathelisiwe kubo bonke." Lo mthetho uzama ukuthuthukiswa komphakathi wokuxhumana nomphakathi lapho ukusiza kunganciki kuphela ngobukhulu njengokomthetho kaMetcalfe kodwa futhi kusetshenziswa isikhathi esichithwa ngokusebenzisa inethiwekhi.
Umthetho kaNacchio
UJoseph Nacchio ungumphathi wezokuxhumana wezokuxhumana. Umthetho ka-Nacchio uthi "inani lamapayipi kanye nentengo ngayinye yesango le-IP liyakuthuthukiswa ngama-oda amabili obukhulu njalo ezinyangeni ezingu-18."