Ulwazi lokuxhumana oluhlelekile lwakhiwe ngokuthembeka nokuvumelana okusemqoka. Abanjiniyela abazithuthukise bagxila embonini yokuthengiswa okuqinisekisa ukuthi izimiso ezine ze- ACID model zizogcinwa njalo. Kodwa-ke, ukufika kwesimodeli esisha esingasetshenzisiwe sedatha kuvula i-ACID ekhanda layo. I- model ye-NoSQL yedatha igxila imodeli enobudlelwane obuhle kakhulu ukuze kusetshenziswe indlela yokhiye / inzuzo yesitolo. Le ndlela engaqondakali yedatha idinga enye imodeli ye-ACID: imodeli ye-BASE.
Amasethi ayisisekelo we-ACID Model
Kunezinhlelo eziyisisekelo eziyisisekelo ze-ACID model:
I- atomicity yokuthengiselana iqinisekisa ukuthi ukuthengiselana kwe-database ngayinye kuyunithi eyodwa eyamukela "konke noma okungekho" indlela yokubulawa. Uma ngabe yikuphi isitatimende ekuthengisweni kwehluleka, konke ukuthengiswa kugodliwe.
Imininingwane yolwazi ehambisanayo ibuye iqinisekise ukuthi ukuhambisana komthetho ngamunye kuhambisana nemithetho yebhizinisi le database. Uma ngabe yiyiphi ingxenye ye-atomic transaction ingaphazamisa ukuvumelana kwe-database, yonke into yokuthengisa ihluleka.
Injini yedatha iqinisa ukuhlukaniswa phakathi kokuthengiselana okuningi okwenzeka ngesikhathi esifanayo noma eduze. Ukuthengisana ngalunye kwenzeka ngaphambi noma emva kwakho konke ukuthengiselana kanye nemibono yedatha ukuthi ukuthengiselana okubona ekuqaleni kwayo kuguqulwa ngokuthengisana ngokwayo ngaphambi kokuphetha kwayo. Akukho ukuthengiselana okumele kubone umkhiqizo ophakathi kwesinye ukuthengiselana.
Isimiso sokugcina se-ACID, ukuqina , siqinisekisa ukuthi uma ukuthengiselana kuzinikezele ku-database, kugcinwa unomphela ngokusebenzisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-backups kanye ne-transaction logs. Uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka, lezi zindlela zingasetshenziswa ukubuyisela ukuthengiselana okuzibophezelekile.
Izimiso Eziyisisekelo ze-BASE
Ulwazi lwe-NoSQL, ngakolunye uhlangothi, luyakwamukela izimo lapho imodeli ye-ACID idlulile khona noma empeleni, ingavimbela ukusebenza kwedatha. Esikhundleni salokho, i-NoSQL incike ekutheni imodeli encane eyaziwa, ngokufanele, njenge-BASE model. Lo modeli uvumela ukuguquguquka okunikezwa yi-NoSQL kanye nezindlela ezifanayo zokuphathwa nokulungiswa kwedatha engakhiwe. I-BASE iqukethe izimiso ezintathu:
Ukutholakala okuyisisekelo . Inqubo yedatha ye-NoSQL igxile ekutholakaleni kwedatha ngisho nangaphambi kokuhluleka okuningi. Ifeza lokhu ngokusebenzisa indlela ehambisa kakhulu ekuphathweni kwedatha. Esikhundleni sokulondoloza isitolo esisodwa esikhulu sedatha futhi sigxile ekubekezeleni kwezephulelo zalesi sitolo, ulwazi lwe-NoSQL ludlulisa idatha kuwo wonke amasistimu okugcina ngezinga eliphezulu lokuphindaphinda. Esikhathini esingalindelekile ukuthi ukwehluleka kuphazamisa ukufinyelela kwezingxenye zedatha, lokhu akusho ukuthi kutholakale ukuphuma okuphelele kwedatha.
State Soft . Ulwazi lwe-BASE lushiya izidingo ezihambisanayo ze-ACID model ngokuphelele kakhulu. Enye yezingqinamba eziyisisekelo ngemuva kwe-BASE yukuthi ukuhambisana kwedatha kuyinkinga yenjiniyela futhi akufanele kulandwe yi-database.
Ukubambisana kokugcina . Isidingo esisodwa sokuthi ulwazi lwe-NoSQL oluphathelene nokuvumelana lufuna ukuthi esikhathini esizayo, idatha izoguqukela esimweni esifanayo. Azikho iziqinisekiso ezenziwe, noma kunjalo, mayelana nokuthi lokhu kuzokwenzeka nini. Lokhu kuhamba okuphelele ekudingeni okusheshayo kokusebenza kwe-ACID okuvimbela ukuthengiswa kokusebenza kuze kube yilapho ukuthengiswa kwangaphambili kuqediwe futhi i-database iguqulelwe esimweni esifanayo.
Imodeli ye-BASE ayifanele kuzo zonke izimo, kodwa ngokuqinisekile kuyindlela eguquguqukayo yokulinganisa imodeli ye-ACID yolwazi olungadingi ukunamathela ngokuqinile emfanekisweni wokuxoxisana.