Ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kohlaka olugcwele namazwi okuhluma
Enye yezindaba ezididayo kunazo zonke lapho ukuthuthukiswa ku-DSLR kuqonda umehluko phakathi kohlaka olugcwele nekhamera yekhamera eqoshiwe. Uma usebenzisa ikhamera ehambelanayo, lokhu ngeke kube isici osidinga ngempela ukusingatha, njengoba amalensi ekwakhiweni aklanyelwe ukwenza umehluko ungaqondakali. Kodwa uma uqala ukubheka ukuthenga i-DSLR, ukuqonda ifreyimu egcwele ngokuqhathaniswa kwe-sensor sensor kuyokusiza kakhulu.
I-Frame Full
Emuva ezinsukwini zefilimu yezithombe, kwakukhona usayizi owodwa wensindo ku-35mm izithombe: 24mm x 36mm. Ngakho-ke lapho abantu bebheka "amakhamera egcwele" ama-camera digital, baxoxa ngesayizi yenzwa ye-24x36.
Ngeshwa, amakhemikhali ajwayelekile abuye athole ithegi enkulu. Ikhamera ye Canon ikhamera eshibhile, isibonelo, yizinkulungwane ezimbalwa zamaRandi. Amakhamera amaningi aphelele asetshenziselwa abathwebuli bezithombe, abadinga izici ezengeziwe. Izinyathelo "amakhamera aqoshiwe" amakhamera, noma "ikhamera yezinzwa" amakhamera. Lezi zithengi lentengo ephansi kakhulu, okwenza ibe ngcono nakakhulu kulabo abaqala nge-DSLRs.
I-Frame ehlisiwe
Ifreyimu eqoshiwe noma inzwa kufana nokuthatha phakathi kwesithombe nokulahla emaphethelweni angaphandle. Ngakho-ke, ngokuyisisekelo, ushiywe isithombe esincane kakhulu kunokujwayelekile - ukufana okufanayo kufomethi yefilimu ye-APS ephila isikhathi esifushane. Eqinisweni, i- Canon , i- Pentax ne- Sony Ericsson ngokuvamile ibhekisela ezinjenini zabo ezinamahloni njenge "APS-C" amakhamera. Kodwa nje ukudideka izinto, uNicon wenza izinto ngokuhlukile. Amakhamera aphelele ka-Nikon ahamba ngaphansi kwe-moniker ye "FX," kuyilapho ama-cameras aqoshiwe aziwa ngokuthi "i-DX." Okokugcina, i- Olympus nePanasonic / Leica zisebenzisa ifomethi ehlukumeziwe eyaziwa ngokuthi uhlelo lwesine lwezintathu.
Isivuno senzwa sihluka kancane phakathi kwabakhiqizi kanye. Izitshalo eziningi zabakhiqizi zincane kunesisindo sefreyimu esigcwele ngesilinganiso esingu-1.6. Nokho, isilinganiso sika-Nikon singu-1.5 no-Olympus 'isilinganiso esingu-2.
Amalensi
Nakhu lapho umehluko phakathi kohlaka olugcwele nolugwetshiwe luqala ngempela. Ngokuthengwa kwekhamera ye-DSLR kufika ithuba lokuthenga wonke ama-lense (anikwe isabelomali sakho). Uma uvela ngemuva kwekhamera yekhamera yefilimu, kungenzeka ukuthi usuvele unezinhlamvu eziningi eziguquguqukayo eziphathelene nazo. Kodwa, uma usebenzisa ikhamera yesikhuni esinqunyiwe, kuzodingeka ukhumbule ukuthi ubude obugxile balezi lensi buzoguqulwa. Ngokwesibonelo, ngamakhamera we-Canon, kuzodingeka ukwandise ubude obuningi nge-1.6, njengoba kukhonjisiwe ngenhla. Ngakho, i-lens ejwayelekile ye-50mm izoba yi-80mm. Lokhu kungaba inzuzo enkulu uma kuziwa nge-telephoto lens, njengoba uzothola ama-millimeters mahhala, kodwa uhlangothi lwe-flip ukuthi lezo-wide-angle lens ziyoba amalensi ajwayelekile.
Abakhi beze nezixazululo kule nkinga. I-Canon ne-Nikon, bobabili bakhiqiza amakhemikhali aphelele, impendulo iwukuba ukukhiqiza ama-lens amaningi awenzelwe amakhamera adijithali - ububanzi be-EF-S ye-Canon ne-DX ububanzi be-Nikon. Lawa malensi afaka amalensi amaningi-angama-lens, lapho ephakanyisiwe, aqhubeke avumela ukubuka okubanzi. Ngokwesibonelo, bobabili abakhiqizi bakhiqiza i-zoom lens eqala ngo-10mm, ngaleyo ndlela enikeza ubude obubalulekile obuyi-16mm, okwamanje luyi-lens ephakeme kakhulu. Futhi la ma-lens nawo aklanyelwe ukunciphisa ukuhlanekezela nokugqumisa emaphethelweni wesithombe. Kubuye kube indaba efanayo nalabo abakhiqizi abakhiqiza amakhamera wezinzwa kuphela, njengoba amalensi abo aklanyelwe ukugijima eceleni kwalezi zinkhamera.
Ingabe Kukhona Umehluko Phakathi Kwezinhlobo ZamaLensi?
Kukhona umehluko phakathi kwama-lens, ikakhulukazi uma uthenga ngaphakathi kwe-Canon noma ye-Nikon izinhlelo. Futhi laba abakhiqizi ababili banikeza uhla olubanzi kunazo zonke lamakhamera nama-lens, ngakho-ke kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi uzotshala kwenye yazo. Ngenkathi ama-lens adijithali enenani eliphezulu kakhulu, ikhwalithi ye-optics ayifani kahle njenge-original lens ifilimu. Uma ubheke nje ukusebenzisa ikhamera yakho yezithombe eziyisisekelo, cishe ngeke uqaphe umehluko. Kodwa, uma ubheka ukuthi ungathà sina ngokuthwebula izithombe, kufanelekile ukutshala imali ebangeni langaphambili lama-lens.
Kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi ama-lens we-Canon EF-S ngeke asebenze nhlobo emakhamera aphelele ekhampani. I-Nikon DX lens izosebenza kumakhamera ayo aphelele, kodwa kuyoba nokulahlekelwa kwesinqumo ngokwenza kanjalo.
Yikuphi Ukufometha Okulungile Kuwe?
Ama-cameras aphelele awakunika ikhono lokusebenzisa ama-lens ekuguleni kwawo okujwayelekile, futhi ikakhulukazi akhanyisa amandla abo okubhekana nokudubula kuma-ISO aphezulu. Uma udubula okuningi ekukhanyeni kwemvelo nokuphansi, ngokuqinisekile uzothola lokhu kuyasiza. Labo abadubula ama-landscapes kanye ne-photography-photography nabo bazofuna ukuhlola okukhethwa kukho okumele kwenziwe njengoba ikhwalithi yesithombe nekhwalithi ye-lens-wide angle kusengaphambili.
Ngokwemvelo, izilwane zasendle, kanye nabathandi bezemidlalo, inzwa ekhonjiwe empeleni iyokwenza kube ngcono. Ungasebenzisa ubude obuningi bokugxila obuhlinzekwa yizinhlobonhlobo ezihlukahlukene futhi la makhamera ngokuvamile anejubane lokudubula eliqhubekayo okusheshayo. Futhi, ngenkathi uzodingeka ubale ubude obubalulekile, uzogcina ukuvula kokuqala kwendlalelo. Ngakho-ke, uma une lens fixed 50mm okuyinto f2.8, khona-ke izogcina lo ukuvula ngisho nokukhuliswa kuya 80mm.
Zombili ifomethi zinemiphumela yazo. Amakhamera agcwele aphezulu, anzima futhi abiza kakhulu. Banezinzuzo eziningi zabachwepheshe, kodwa abantu abaningi ngeke badinge ngempela lezi zici. Ungakhohliswa ngumthengisi otshela ukuthi udinga ikhamera ebiza kakhulu. Uma nje ubeke lawa ambalwa amathiphu alula engqondweni, kufanele ube nolwazi olunhle ukwenza ukhetho olufanele ngezidingo zakho.