Umhlahlandlela Wokuqala Okwamafomu Oku-Excel

Ukufunda nje ngamafomula? Lona umhlahlandlela kuwe

Amafomu ama- Excel akuvumela ukuba wenze izibalo kumininingwane yenombolo efakwe kushidi lokusebenzela .

Amafomula e- Excel angasetshenziselwa ukubalwa kwenombolo eyisisekelo, njengokufaka noma ukususa, kanye nokubala okunzima kakhulu, njengokuncishiswa kwemali, ukuthola isilinganiso somfundi emiphumeleni yokuhlola, nokubala izinkokhelo zokubolekwa kwempahla.

Ukwengeza, uma ifomula ingenwe ngendlela efanele kanye nedatha esetshenziselwa izinguquko zefomula, ngokuzenzakalelayo, i-Excel izophinde iphinde ibuye kabusha futhi iphinde ibuyekeze impendulo.

Lokhu kufundisa kuhlanganisa imininingwane yokudala nokusebenzisa amafomula, kufaka phakathi isinyathelo esinezinyathelo zefomula eyisisekelo ye-Excel.

Iphinde ifaka isibonelo esibaluleke kakhulu esilandelayo esisekelwe ku-oda ye-Excel yokusebenza ukubala impendulo efanele.

Ukufundisa kuhloswe kulabo abanokuhlangenwe nakho okuncane noma okungenakusebenza ekusebenzeni izinhlelo zesipredishithi njenge-Excel.

Qaphela: Uma ufuna ukwengeza ikholomu noma izinombolo zezinombolo, i-Excel inakhelwe kwifomula okuthiwa umsebenzi we-SUM okwenza umsebenzi ube lula futhi kulula.

I-Excel Formula Basics

Ukubhala ifomula lesipredishithi kuhluke kakhulu kunokubhala eyodwa eklasini lezibalo.

Qala njalo ngeSignal Equal

Umehluko ophawulekayo yilokho ku-Excel, amafomula aqala ngesibonakaliso esifanayo ( = ) kunokuba aqede nayo.

Amafomu ama-Excel abukeka kanje:

= 3 + 2

kunoku:

3 + 2 =

Amaphuzu engeziwe

• Uphawu olulinganayo luya njalo esitokisini lapho ufuna khona impendulo yefomula.
• Uphawu olulinganayo lukwazisa i-Excel ukuthi okulandelayo kuyingxenye yefomula, hhayi nje igama noma inombolo.
• Njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingenhla, sangena, iseli eliqukethe ifomula libonisa impendulo, kunokuba ifomula.
• Ifomula ingabonakala njalo ebhasini lefomula elitholakala ngaphezulu kwephepha lokusebenzela.

Ukusebenzisa ama-Referencing Cell e-Excel Formulas

Ngenkathi ifomula ekhasini elidlule lisebenza, linomphumela owodwa oyinhloko - Uma udinga ukushintsha idatha esetshenziselwa ifomula, udinga ukuhlela noma ukubhala kabusha ifomula.

Ukwenza ngcono ifomula: Ukusebenzisa izikhombisi zeselula

Indlela engcono kuyoba ukubhala ifomula ukuze idatha ingashintshwa ngaphandle kokuthi ushintshe ifomula ngokwayo.

Lokhu kungenziwa ngokufaka idatha kumaseli okusebenza bese ukwazisa uhlelo olunikeza amaseli ukuthi asebenzise idatha okumele isetshenziswe kwifomula.

Ngale ndlela, uma idatha yefomula idinga ukuguqulwa, yenziwa ngokushintsha idatha kumaseli okusebenzela, kunokuba iguqule ifomula ngokwayo.

Ukuze utshele i-Excel ukuthi yimaphi amaseli aqukethe idatha ofuna ukuyisebenzisa, iseli ngalinye linalo ikheli noma ireferensi yeseli .

Mayelana nezinkomba zocingo

• I-cell iyinhloko yezinhlangothi phakathi kwekholomu eliqondile nomugqa oqondile ekhasini lokusebenzela.
• Ikholomu ngayinye ikhonjiswe ngencwadi ngaphezulu kwekholomu - njenge-A, B, C.
• Umugqa ngamunye ukhonjiswe ngenombolo ekhoneni elingakwesokunxele lomugqa - ongu-1, 2, 3.
• Ngakho-ke, ireferensi yeseli iyinhlanganisela yombhalo wekholomu nenombolo yomugqa ehamba endaweni yeseli - njenge- A1 , B2 , C3 , noma i- W345.
• Uma ubhala izingqikithi zeseli, incwadi yekholomu njalo ifika kuqala.

Ukuze uthole ireferensi yeseli, vele ubheke phezulu ukuze ubone ukuthi iyiphi ikholomu iseli elingaphakathi, bese ubukeka ngakwesokunxele ukuze uthole ukuthi yiliphi umugqa ongaphakathi.

Iseli yamanje - ukubhekisela kweseli njengamanje okuchofoziwe - kukhonjiswe eBhokisini Legama elitholakala ngaphezu kwekholomu A kuphepha lokusebenzela.

Ngakho-ke, esikhundleni sokubhala leli fomula kuseli D1:

= 3 + 2

Kungaba ngcono ukufaka idatha kumaseli C1 no-C2 bese ubhala le fomu kunalokho:

= C1 + C2

I-Excel Basic Basic Formuli

Lesi sibonelo sinikeza imiyalelo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo ukudala ifomula eyisisekelo ye-Excel ebonwe esithombeni ngenhla.

Isibonelo sesibili, esiyinkimbinkimbi ukusebenzisa ama-operators amaningi wezibalo futhi okubandakanya umyalelo wokusebenza we-Excel kufakwe ekhasini lokugcina le-tutorial.

Ukufaka idatha yokufundisa

Ngokuvamile kungcono ukufaka kuqala idatha yonke efomini lokusebenzela ngaphambi kokudala amafomula. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukutshela ukuthi iziphi izingqikithi zeseli kudingeka zifakwe kwifomula.

Ukufaka idatha kumakhalekhukhwini wesekhondi kuyinkqubo yezinyathelo ezimbili:

1. Thayipha idatha esitokisini.
2. Cindezela ukhiye wokungena kwikhibhodi noma uchofoze kwenye iseli. ne-pointer yegundane ukuqedela ukungena.

Izinyathelo Zokufundisa

1. Chofoza kuseli C1 ukuze wenze iseli esebenzayo.
2. Thayipha u- 3 esitokisini bese ucindezela ukhiye we- Enter ekhibhodi.
3. Uma kunesidingo, chofoza ku- cell C2 .
4. Thayipha i- 2 engena esitokisini bese ucindezela ukhiye we- Enter ekhibhodi.

Ukufaka iFomula

1. Chofoza kuseli D1 - yindawo lapho imiphumela yefomula izobonwa khona.
2. Thayipha ifomu elilandelayo ku-cell D1: = C1 + C2
3. Cindezela ukhiye wokungena kwikhibhodi ukuqedela ifomula.
4. Impendulo 5 kufanele ivele kuseli D1.
5. Uma uchofoza iseli D1 futhi, umsebenzi ophelele = C1 + C2 uvela kubha yefomula ngaphezulu kwephepha lokusebenzela.

Ukuthuthukisa ifomula - Ukuphinde: Ukufaka izingqikithi zeselula ngokuPhepha

Ukuthayipha ezinkomba zezingcingo njengengxenye yefomula kuyindlela evumelekile yokungena kuyo - njengoba kuboniswe yimpendulo ye-5 kuseli D1 - akuyona indlela engcono kakhulu yokwenza.

Indlela engcono kakhulu yokufaka izingqikithi zamaseli kufomula ukusebenzisa ukukhomba.

Ukukhomba kuhilela ukuchofoza amaseli ane-pointer yegundane ukufaka ireferensi yeseli yabo kwifomula. Inzuzo enkulu yokusebenzisa ukukhomba ukuthi kusiza ukuqeda amaphutha kungenzeka okubangelwa ukuthayipha ekubhekisweni kweselula okungalungile.

Imiyalo ekhasini elilandelayo isebenzisa ukukhomba ukufaka izingqikithi zeseli zefomula ku-cell D2.

Ukusebenzisa Ukukhomba Ukufaka Izinkomba Zezingcingo Ku-Excel Formula

Lesi sinyathelo kusifundo sisebenzisa isikhombisi segundane ukufaka izingqikithi zeseli zefomula ibe yiseli D2.

1. Chofoza kuseli D2 ukuze wenze iseli elisebenzayo.
2. Thayipha uphawu olulinganayo ( = ) esitokisini D2 ukuze uqale ifomula.
3. Chofoza kuseli C1 nge-pointer yegundane ukufaka ireferensi yeseli kufomula.
4. Thayipha isibonakaliso esengeziwe ( + ).
5. Chofoza kuseli C2 nge-pointer yegundane ukufaka ireferensi yeseli yesibini kufomula.
6. Cindezela ukhiye wokungena kwikhibhodi ukuqedela ifomula.
7. Impendulo 5 kufanele ivele esitokisini D2.

Ukubuyekeza ifomu

Ukuze uhlole ukubaluleka kokusebenzisa izithenjwa zeseli kwifomula ye-Excel, shintsha idatha kuseli C1 kusuka ku-3 ukuya ku-6 bese ucindezela ukhiye we-Enter kwikhibhodi.

Izimpendulo kuzo zombili amaseli D1 ne-D2 kufanele zishintshe ngokuzenzakalelayo kusuka ku-5 kuya ku-8, kodwa amafomula kokubili ahlale engashintshi.

Abasebenzisi beMathematika kanye ne-Order of Operations

Njengoba kuboniswe isibonelo esiphelele nje, ukudala amafomula ku-Microsoft Excel akulula.

Kuyinto nje yokuhlanganisa, ngokuhlelekile, izinkomba zocingo zedatha yakho ne-opharetha efanele yezibalo.

Abasebenzisi beMathematika

Ama-opharetha wezibalo asetshenziselwa amafomu e-Excel afana nalawo asetshenziswe kwizigaba zezibalo.

• Ukususa - uphawu lokususa ( - )
• Ukwengeza - nesibonakaliso ( + )
• Isigaba - ukukhishwa phambili ( / )
• Ukuphindaphinda - i-asterisk ( * )
• I-Exponentiation - ukunakekelwa ( ^ )

I-Order of Operations

Uma kune-opharetha abangaphezu kweyodwa esetshenziselwa ifomula, kunomyalelo othize u-Excel uzolandela ukuze wenze le misebenzi yembalo.

Le oda lomsebenzi lingashintshwa ngokufaka amabakaki ku-equation. Indlela elula yokukhumbula umyalelo wemisebenzi ukusebenzisa isichazamazwi:

BEDMAS

I-Order of Operations yilezi:

Amaphakheji B E xponents D Ukuxilongwa kwe-ivision

Indlela i-Order of Operations isebenza ngayo

• Noma yikuphi ukusebenza (ama) okuqukethwe kubakaki kuzokwenziwa kuqala kulandelwa noma yikuphi okuvezwayo.
• Ngemuva kwalokho, i-Excel ibheka imisebenzi yokwahlukanisa noma yokubuyabuyelela ukuthi ibaluleke kakhulu, futhi yenza lokhu kusebenza ngendlela ehamba ngayo ngakwesobunxele kuya kwesokudla.
• Okufanayo kuya kokubili kokusebenza kokulandelayo nokukhishwa. Babhekwa njengalingana ngokulandelana kwemisebenzi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubani oqala kuqala ku-equation, noma ukufaka noma ukukhipha, ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa kuqala.

Isibonelo: Ukusebenzisa ama-Multiple Operators kanye ne-Order of Operations ku-Formula ye-Excel

Ekhasini elilandelayo kukhona imiyalo yokudala ifomula ehlanganisa opharetha abaningi bezibalo futhi isebenzisa i-oda le-Excel yokusebenza ukubala impendulo.

Ukusebenzisa ama-Multiple Operators kumafomula e-Excel

Lesi sibonelo sesifomula sesibili, esiboniswe esithombeni ngenhla, sidinga i-Excel ukuthi isebenzise umyalelo wayo wokusebenza ukubala impendulo.

Ukufaka idatha

1. Vula ishidi lokusebenzela elingenalutho bese ufaka idatha eboniswe kumaseli C1 kuya ku-C5 esithombeni ngenhla.

Iformula ye-Excel Eningi Eyinkimbinkimbi

Sebenzisa ukukhomba kanye nabakaki abalungile kanye nabasebenzisa izibalo ukufaka ifomula elandelayo kwiselula D1.

= (C2-C4) * C1 + C3 / C5

Cindezela ukhiye we-Enter ekhibhodi uma uqedile futhi impendulo -4 kufanele ivele kuseli D1. Imininingwane yokuthi i-Excel ibala kanjani le mpendulo ibhalwe ngezansi.

Izinyathelo eziningiliziwe zokufaka ifomula

Uma udinga usizo, sebenzisa izinyathelo ezingezansi ukungena ifomula.

1. Chofoza kuseli D1 ukuze wenze iseli esebenzayo.
2. Thayipha uphawu olulinganayo ( = ) esitokisini D1.
3. Thayipha ibhakha elivulekile nxazonke " ( " ngemuva kwesignali esilinganayo.
4. Chofoza kuseli C2 nge-pointer yegundane ukufaka ireferensi yeseli kufomula.
5. Thayipha uphawu lokususa ( - ) ngemuva kwe-C2.
6. Chofoza kuseli C4 ukungena kulolu chungechunge lwamaseli kufomula.
7. Thayipha ibhakha lokuvala nxazonke " ) " ngemuva kwe-C4.
8. Thayipha uphawu lokubuyabuyelela ( * ) emva kokubhada nxazonke zokuvala.
9. Chofoza kuseli C1 ukungena kule nkomba yeferensi kufomula.
10. Thayipha uphawu oluthe xaxa ( + ) ngemva kwe-C1.
11. Chofoza kuseli C3 ukungena kulolu chungechunge lwamaseli kufomula.
12. Thayipha uphawu lwesigaba ( / ) ngemuva kwe-C3.
13. Chofoza kuseli C5 ukungena kule nkomba yeferensi kufomula.
14. Cindezela ukhiye wokungena kwikhibhodi ukuqedela ifomula.
15. Impendulo -4 kufanele ivele kuseli D1.
16. Uma uchofoza ku- cell D1 futhi, umsebenzi ophelele = (C2-C4) * C1 + C3 / C5 uvela kubha yefomula ngaphezulu kwephepha lokusebenzela.

Indlela i-Excel ebala ngayo impendulo yefomula

I-Excel ifika impendulo ye--4 yefomula ngenhla isebenzisa imithetho ye-BEDMAS ukwenza imisebenzi ehlukahlukene yezibalo ngalokhu okulandelayo:

1. I-Excel kuqala yenza umsebenzi wokukhipha (C2-C4) noma (5-6), njengoba igozwe ngamakaki, futhi ithola umphumela we--1.
2. Okulandelayo uhlelo luphindaphinda ukuthi -1 ngo-7 (okuqukethwe kweseli C1) ukuthola impendulo ye -7.
3. Khona-ke i-Excel yeqa phambili ukuze ihlukanise 9/3 (okuqukethwe kwe-C3 / C5) njengoba ifika ngaphambi kokungezwa ku-BEDMAS, ukuthola umphumela we-3.
4. Umsebenzi wokugcina okudingeka ukwenziwa wengeze -7 + 3 ukuze uthole impendulo yalo lonke ifomu ye -4.