Phrinta noma yini oyidingayo, uma uyidinga
Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, ukuphrinta kwe-3D kuye kwaguqulwa kusuka emakethe ye-niche kuya kwesimo esijwayelekile, enezibonelo ezingaphezu kuka-150 okwamanje ezitholakalayo. Ukunyathelisa kwe-3D yindlela yokukhiqiza evumela ukuthi udale into engokwenyama kusuka kumklamo wedijithali ngokufaka ungqimba phezu kwendwangu yokwakha. Iqala ngomqulu wokuklama, futhi kusukela lapho inqubo yokunyathelisa ihlukahluka. Amanye amaphrinta edeskithophu ayancibilika epulasitiki endaweni yokuphrinta, kanti imishini emikhulu emikhiqiza isebenzisa ama-lasers ukuze incibilikise insimbi ngokuqondile. Okubalulekile, amaphrinta ahlukile e-3D asekela izinto ezihlukene, kusuka epulasitiki kuya ezinsimbi kuya sandstone - futhi uhlu lwezinto ezisekelwayo lukhula njalo ngonyaka.
Ukunyathelisa kwe-3D ikuvumela ukuthi udale izinkimbinkimbi ze-3D kalula ngezindleko eziphansi. Ukuhlukunyezwa kuyashesha, futhi yonke into ingenziwa ngezifiso. Kodwa-ke, ukukhiqizwa okukhulu kuhamba ngokubiza ngaphezu kokukhiqiza kwendabuko, futhi umkhiqizo wokuphela uvame ukuba namandla anganiselwe futhi ngokunemba okuphansi.
Uma kuziwa kwezobuchwepheshe bokunyathelisa, kunezinketho ezimbalwa. I-FDM (i-Fused Deposition Modeling) iyona ubuchwepheshe obungashibi kakhulu bokunyathelisa kwe-3D, futhi isebenza ngezinsimbi eziningi ezinamaplastiki ezifana ne-nylon ne-ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene). Kuyinto engabizi, kepha kuyisinqumo esibi sokwezidingo eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.
I-SLA (i-Stereolithography) ne-DLP (i-Digital Light Processing) bobabili basebenzisa umthombo wokukhanya ukuqinisa isisindo samanzi. I-SLA isebenzisa i-laser, futhi i-DLP isebenzisa iphrojekitha. Lezi zinqubo zenzelwe ukudala okunembile futhi okuningiliziwe, njengokungcebeleka nezithombe. Kuvame ukuba kubiza ukwedlula ukunyathelisa kwe-FDM (ngokuvamile amaphrinta amancane futhi inqubo ayinconywa ngezinto ezinkulu).
Uma ungenaso isiqiniseko ngokuthi iyiphi uhlobo lwephrinta ye-3D engase ikusebenzele, qhubeka ufunda ukuze ubone izinketho zethu eziyisikhombisa ezinhle kakhulu ze-printer ezizokwenza ukuthi udale izinto ngaphandle kwesikhathi.
I-M2 ephuma e-Ohio-based Makergear iyinhlangano yephrinta ye-professional-level 3D idunyiswa ngobuchwepheshe bayo obuqinile. I-M2 inendawo yokwakha ka-254 x 202 x 203 mm, nokuphakama okulinganiselwe kwamamitha ayi-20. Kuyinto iphrinta ejwayelekile ye-FDM efaneleka kakhulu ye-ABS ne-PLA, futhi ifika ngaphambi kokuhlanganiswa, kodwa futhi inezinto eziningi zokuthuthukiswa kanye nama-tweaks angabavumela ukuthi abe iphrinta yakho ephelele ye-3D. Isibonelo, kunenketho yokulawulwa kwe-onboard, i-extruder kanye nama-buses angashintshashintshayo.
Akuyona elula yephrinta ye-3D ukuze uqalise futhi kuhle kakhulu, ngakho-ke i-M2 ingase ingabi ikhetho elihle uma lena iphrinta yakho yokuqala ye-3D. Ukuklama kwayo kubonakala kuyisisekelo, kodwa lokhu kulula kuphelela ekubeni amandla kusukela ungayisebenzisa unyaka nonyaka. Uma usuqedile i-M2, ikhiqiza ama-prints aphezulu aphezulu ngejubane elisheshayo. Njengengxenyekazi evulekile, ukhululekile ukusebenzisa isofthiwe ozikhethelayo, njenge-Simplify3D ethandwayo. Umnqobi ocacile we-3D enthusiast yokunyathelisa.
I-LulzBot iyaphawuleka ngenxa yokulula kwayo nokuthembeka - ungayifaka nje futhi uqalise. Umbhede wayo olinganisela ngokuzenzekelayo, ukuphela kokushisa kwe-metal kanye ne-self-cleaning buzz kwenza i-LulzBot ingazami ukusebenzisa. Ibuye ibe nomphakathi oqinile wabasebenzisi abalandela ngemuva uma udinga usizo oluthile lobuchwepheshe.
Ukuqagela kuntuleka uma kuqhathaniswa ne-Ultimaker 2, ekuphakameni okungenani okungaphansi kwamamitha ayi-50. Kubuye kube mncane kakhulu kune-Ultimaker 2, enendawo yokwakha ka-152 x 152 x 158 mm. Njengomshicileli we-FDM 3D, izindleko eziqhubekayo ziphansi. Ingaphrinta emazingeni okushisa kuze kube ngu-300 degrees Celsius, futhi kufakwe isofthiwe ye-Cura LulzBot Edition elula kakhulu ukuyiqonda futhi isebenzise.
Ngakho-ke yini ongayithandi? I-LulzBot Mini iyisimemezelo esincane kuneziningi, futhi ngokungafani namaphrinta amaningi, idinga uxhumano oluqhubekayo kwikhompyutha ngenkathi imiqulu isuqedile. Uma kungenjalo, kuyisinqumo esinconyelwe kakhulu sabaqalayo ekunyatheliseni kwe-3D.
I-Monoprice Select Mini 3D Printer ingcono kakhulu iphrinta ye-3D ohlwini ohlwini njengethulo. I-Monoprice inikezeli kuphela ukhetho lomthengi we-3D Printer oluzobonga, kodwa ligcwele yonke into ongayilindela kusuka kwamanye amamodeli aphezulu.
I-Monoprice Select Mini 3D Printer isekela zonke izinhlobo ze-filament. Iphakethi yalo yokushisa evuthayo enezinga lokushisa ehlukile livumela ukuthi lisebenze ngama filaments ayisisekelo njenge-ABS ne-PLA, kanye nezinto eziyinkimbinkimbi ezifana nezinkuni nezakhi zensimbi. I-Printer ye-3D iqoqa ngokuqondile ebhokisini ngokulinganisela okugcwele futhi ifaka isampula ye-PLA filament kanye nekhadi le-MicroSD elinamodeli angaphambi kokufakwa, ukuze uqale ukunyathelisa ngokushesha. Iza newaranti yonyaka owodwa.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi lwesilinganiso ngephrinta ye-resin eprofeshini yezobuchwepheshe kubasebenzisi abaphakathi noma abasebenzayo, futhi ifomu le-Formlabs Ifomu 2 liyisinqumo esiphezulu salesi sigaba. Isici esisha se-peel kanye ne-tank evuthayo yanda ukuphrinta okuguquguqukayo. Ukuboniswa kwekrini lokuthinta kanye nokulawula okungenazintambo kwenza ukukhwabanisa okulula, nesistimu ye-resin okuzenzakalelayo igcina izinto ezihlanzekile nge-mess mess.
Yakha ivolumu inkulu kakhulu, ku-145 x 145 x 175 mm. Ubude bekhasi buhlala ema-microns angu-25. Ukunyathelisa kwe-resin ye-SLA kusalokhu kuhamba kancane kakhulu futhi kubiza kune-FDM, ngakho-ke thatha lokho uma uhlela ekukhetheni Ifomu 2 ngoba ufuna ukwandisa ukuphrinta kwakho. Kungcono ukusebenzisa ifomu 2 ukwakha inkosi enhle kakhulu futhi usebenzise ezinye izindlela ezifana nokufakelwa komjovo noma ukukhishwa kwe-resin ukwenza amakhophi amakhulu.
Cabanga ngeFomulabs Ifomu 2 uma ulinganisa ubukhulu obukhulu, iphrinta yekhwalithi ephakeme ye-resin enezilawuli ezengeziwe ezingenantambo ezizokwenza ukuphila kwakho kube lula ngosuku nosuku.
I-MakerBot ikhishwe ama-printers e-3D, futhi i-Replicator yesizukulwane sesine iyaqhubeka ibe enye yamamodeli awo aphumelele kakhulu. Ngokubukeka kwezezimboni ngaphezulu (i-chassis yensimbi neskrini se-LCD), i-Replicator 2 ingafanelana ngokuphelele egalaji lasekhaya. Iphrinta enkulu kunaningi, futhi, ngevolumu yokwakha enhle kakhulu ye-285 x 153 x 155 mm - vele uqiniseke ukuthi unendawo.
Le phrinta ye-FDM ye-3D isekela ukuphrinta kusuka ekhadini le-SD futhi ngokuyinhloko iprinta ku-PLA. Ungumshini ohlala isikhathi eside; Ngokungafani namanye amaphrinta e-3D amancane emakethe, i-Replicator 2 iyaziwa ngokuthembeka kwayo futhi yakha ikhwalithi. Kulungile, kulula ukuyisebenzisa futhi inesofthiwe enhle.
Ehlangothini olungezansi, akusikho ipulatifomu evuthayo futhi kuyimodeli enomsindo. Kubuye kube nokubiza futhi kulungele kakhulu kubasebenzisi abaphakathi abafuna umshini ozohamba ibanga.
I-FlashForge Creator Pro iyigugu elimangalisayo kunoma ubani ofuna ukufika ezweni le-3D lokushicilela ngaphandle kokuchitha imali encane. Ngokuvamile echazwe ngokuthi "inani eliphelele kakhulu lemali," ukusethwa kwe-plug 'n' yokudlala kuyisinye sezizathu eziningi ezenza lokhu ku-FlashForge kubonakale kulolu hlu. Indawo engakhiwe engu-225 x 145 x 150 millimeters engasetshenziswa I-ABS, i-PLA kanye nezinto eziyingqayizivele ivumela ukuphakama okulinganiselwe kwamamitha ayi-microns angu-100 kuphela. I-FlashForge ilungele ukuphrinta izinto eziningi zokuhlola.
Kukhona ezinye izibuyekezo eziqokomisa umsindo njengendlela con ephawulekayo, futhi izibuyekezo eziningi batusa usebenzisa isofthiwe yomthombo ovulekile ukuphrinta phezu software kufakwe FlashForge. Futhi ngamapounds angu-24.25, uzofuna ukwakha isikhala kulo endlini noma ehhovisi ngaphambi kokuba ifike.
Uma nje uthola izinyawo zakho zimanzi emhlabeni wokunyathelisa we-3D, khona-ke umenzi we-Monoprice 13860 oyikhethile i-3D Printer V2 uyindlela enhle yokuzicabangela. Ngenkathi amaphrinta amaningi e-3D anama-kit asekelwe afuna izinga elithile lwazi nolwazi, uMenzi Khetha uhlangana nezikuluzi ezingu-6 kuphela. I-2GB ye-microSD ikhadi elihlinzeka linikeza onobuhle obuhle bokuphrinta be-3D obungayilinda ongayilinga nge-sampuli ye-PLA yesampula futhi ifakwe ebhokisini. Futhi uma lokho kuphelelwa yisikhathi, lokho ofuna ukukusebenzisa kuyena kuwe, njengoba uMenzi oKhethekayo angaphrinta nganoma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-3D filament.
I-plate enkulu ye-8 x 8-intshi nokwehlukanisa okungama-intshi engu-7 intshi inikeza isikhala esengeziwe sokunyathelisa imodeli emikhulu, eyinkimbinkimbi kunezinkampani eziningi zokuqala ze-3D. Iphakeji yokwakha evuthayo ivumela ukunyathelisa okunokwethenjelwa okusetshenziselwa eceleni kwesofthiwe ehambisanayo yobuchwepheshe nevulekile esebenza nge-Windows, MacOS, ne-Linux. Ukubuyekezwa kwe-intanethi kuqokomisa izingxenye ezithintekayo kalula uma zingenakukwazi ukunyatheliswa kwe-3D, kanye nokuthuthukiswa okuningi ongayenza ukuze uthole amaphuzu engeziwe ochwepheshe kanye nezinkimbinkimbi.