Enye indlela yokuthola izinto eziningi zobuchwepheshe ezithokozisayo ithola izitolo ezanele zokufaka konke okukuyo. Ngomshini wedeskithophu, cishe udinga izitolo ezingaphezulu ze-monitor, iphrinta, izikhulumi zedeskithophu, umshini ongenazintambo, amadivayisi weselula namanye amajejethi. Kuhlelo lokudlala yaseshashalazini, kukhona ithelevishini, isamukeli se-stereo / amplifier , i-preamp, i-subwoofer, izikhulumi (ngezinye izikhathi), i-turntable, i-DVD / Blu-ray isidlali, ama-console ezemidlalo, nebhokisi le-set-top lokucubungula.
Isixazululo? Thola ibhethini / i-splitter ye-outlet, okungenzeka ukuthi ibe ngumvikeli wakho wokunyuka kwamandla wansuku zonke noma umhlula wamandla. Nakuba kokubili lezi zindlela zinikeza izitolo ezingaphezulu, yilapho ukufana okuphelele kuphela khona. Abaningi (kodwa hhayi bonke) abavikeli bokukhuphuka nabo banamandla, kepha ukukhishwa kwamandla akusiyo ukuvikela abavikeli. Uzovame ukubona lezi zinhlobo ezimbili eziboniswa ndawonye endaweni efana nayo ye-hardware yangakini noma i-electronics yokuthengisa esitolo. Kodwa ungabamba nje okokuqala okubamba iso lakho! Kukhona umehluko omkhulu kanye nezinzuzo okufanele uzicabangele.
Umvikeli okhuphuka ngokumelene ne-Power Strip
Ngo-shazi, abavikeli bokukhuphuka kanye nemikhawulo yamandla kubonakala sengathi benza into efanayo. Kodwa ngenkathi ukukhishwa kwamandla ngokuyinhloko izintambo zokukhulisa ama-multi-plug, izivikeli zokukhuphuka zenzelwe ukugcina imishini ye-elekthi ephephile kusuka - uyiqagele - ama-surges kagesi (nama-spikes).
Abavikeli abaqhamukayo basebenza ngokudubula umthamo ongaphezulu ngokweqile emgodini wokugudla ohlangothini lwodonga. Ngaphandle kwalesi sici, i-voltage eyedlulele ingadlulela kuzo zonke izintambo zamandla axhunyiwe futhi ibangele umonakalo unomphela kumadivayisi axhunyiwe. Umphumela we-voltage ongaphezu kwamandla ungabonakala futhi ngokushesha njengoba i-bulb light light bulb ephuma nge-pop . Kodwa futhi kungalimaza ngokuhlakanipha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lapho umthwalo owengeziwe wamandla kancane kancane wenza buthaka ubuqotho bezimboni ze-elekthronikhi (cabanga nge gear yakho ebiza kakhulu nge microprocessors eziyinkimbinkimbi ), okuholela ekuhlulekeni kokuphela .
Isibonelo esiqine kakhulu sevolumu engaphezu kwesibalo isiteleka somlilo. Kodwa lezo ezingavamile (kuye ngokuthi uhlalaphi) futhi ezinamandla kakhulu ukuba ziqukethe umvikeli wokukhuphuka - kuphephe kakhulu ukukhipha ama-electronic ngesikhathi sokuduma kwezulu. Kungenzeka ukuthi ubhekana nokuqhutshwa kwamagesi kanye nezinpiksi uma inkampani yombuso wendawo ishintsha amandla kagesi kanye / noma inenkinga yokusebenza. Ngisho noma bezama ukugcina ukugeleza kagesi okuqhubekayo kuyo yonke indawo, ukuphazamiseka kwenzeka.
Izimo ezivame kakhulu zombane ngokweqile zenzeka uma kunesidingo sokufuna amandla, ikakhulukazi uma isakhiwo sinobuchwepheshe obudala noma obubi kagesi. Izibani eziqaphelayo ziyaqhakaza noma ziyacipha noma nini lapho isiqandisini, umoya womshini wokushisa, isomisi, noma noma yimuphi omunye umshini onamandla? Isicelo esifanayo samandla singabangela ukuzungeza okwesikhashana esifundeni esidinga futhi kuthinte zonke izindawo ezixhunyiwe. ENyakatho Melika, noma yini engaphezu kwevolumu ejwayelekile ye-120 V ibhekwa njengokwedlulele. Amapayipi amancane angenzeka noma kunini ngaphandle kokuba izimpawu zisalokhu zidlula umshini ojwayelekile wokusebenza womkhiqizo.
Okufanele Ufune Okokuqala
Abavikeli abaqhamukayo bafika ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene nobukhulu . Abanye banamathisela ngqo odongeni futhi basebenza njengendawo yokuvikela yokukhuphuka. Iningi labanye lihlonyelwe ikhebula elingaba phakathi kwamamitha angu-12 ubude. Uma ukhetha umlondolozi wesokudla, uzofuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi unayo:
- Izitolo zazo zonke izinto zakho zobuchwepheshe
- Ukusabalalisa ukuvumelanisa izitini zamandla
- Ikhebula lesikhathi esanele ngokwanele
Ngeke uzenzele noma yiziphi izinzuzo ngokuthenga umvikeli wesithupha wokuphuma lapho uthola amadivaysi angama-10 angene kuwo. Into yokugcina ofuna ukuyenza iwukhampani oluhle kakhulu omunye umvikeli wokuqhuma noma umthamo wamandla ukwenza umehluko - okwenyuka ingozi yokugqekeza isifunda kagesi kanye nokuvimbela iwaranti yomkhumbi (s) wokuvikela. Uma ungaqiniseki ngokuqondene nenani eliqondile lezimboni ozidingayo, qhubeka uthola okuningi ngoba okunye okuwusizo kuyasiza.
Akuzona zonke izivikeli ezivulekayo ezenzelwe izingcingo zamandla engqondweni. Ezinye izitini zamandla zinamandla kangangokuthi zingavimbela isikhwama samahhala (noma amabili noma amathathu) uma uxhunyiwe. Ngisho noma imishini yakho yamanje isebenzisa ama-plug-standard prong, kufanelekile ukukhetha umvikeli wokukhuphuka ophethe ezinye izindawo ezihlukanisiwe. Uzokwazi ukuwasebenzisa wonke manje, kodwa ugcine ukuguquguquka kokusingatha noma yiziphi izitini zamandla esikhathini esizayo.
Umvikeli wokukhuphuka ngeke enze okuhle kakhulu uma engakwazi ukufinyelela esakhiweni esiseduze sodonga. Ngokuqinisekile, ungasebenzisa intambo yokwelusa, kodwa ukwenza kanjalo akuqinisekisi ukuvikelwa okugcwele futhi ngokuvamile kuvimbela iwaranti yomkhiqizo. Ngakho uma ungabaza, khetha abavikeli be-overge ngekhebula elide kakhulu lamandla.
Izilinganiso zokusebenza okufanele uzicabangele
Ukupakisha komkhiqizo kuklanyelwe ukuheha ukunakwa kanye nokudlulisa ulwazi oluningi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Lokhu kungabonakala kudidekile noma kunzima kakhulu, kucabangela ukuthi bangaki abavikeli be-surge abanalo uhlu lwezici nokucaciswa. Kungcono ukugxila kulabo ababucayi, ngakho-ke funa lokhu kuqala:
- I-joules (ephakeme ingcono): Inombolo yamaphilisi adalwe umvikeli wokukhuphuka ubonisa ukulinganiswa kwamandla okumisa. Cabanga ngakho njengesihlangu esivimba amandla angaphezulu. Izinombolo eziphakeme zisho ukuthi umlondolozi okhuphukayo angasondeza ngaphezulu (noma ngaphezulu) ngokushaya izenzakalo ezilodwa noma eziningi ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngaphambi kokuphuma. Ngakho-ke uma umvikeli wokukhuphuka unezinhlayiya ezingu-500 zokuvikelwa, kungase kuthathwe ngokulinganayo: ama-hits ayishumi ama-50, noma ama-hits angu-125-joule, noma i-one-500-playle hit. Ama-electronics amancane (isib. Izibani, ama-radios, amashaja webhethri, njll.) Amahle ngokulinganisa kwe-joule ngaphansi kwe-1000. Kodwa ngekhamera yekhompiyutha kanye / noma ekhaya, uzofuna ukucabangela abavikeli begesi ngokulinganisa kwama-2500 noma ngaphezulu.
- I-Voltage ye-Clamping (ephansi ingcono): Amandla okugcoba - ngezinye izikhathi abizwa ngokuthi i-Voltage Protection Rating (VPR) noma i-Suppressed Voltage Rating (SVR) - ibonisa ukuthi umlondolozi wokukhuphuka uzosebenza kanjani ukuguqula umthamo ongaphezu kwamandla. Cabanga ngakho njengokufana / ukuqondisa kabusha. Ngenkathi ukuvikelwa okuhlinzekwa yi-joules kubonakala kuhle, kungukuthi amandla okugcoba (amandla amakhulu avunyelwe ngokusebenzisa) aphelela ekusebenzeni kakhulu. Izinombolo ezingezansi zisho ukuthi umlondolozi okhuphukayo awunamandla okubekezelela amandla kagesi. Ngakho uma kuqhathaniswa nomvikeli wokukhuphuka nge-voltage ye-330 V (ukukhetha okungcono) ngokuhambisana nenye ene-voltage V comping voltage, ama-final azovumela ukuthi kuvele ukukhuphuka okuphezulu (okungalimaza izingxenye) ngaphambi kokwenza noma yini ngakho.
- Isikhathi Sempendulo (esezansi singcono): Isikhathi sokuphendula (esivame ukulinganiswa kuma-nanoseconds) sibonisa ukuthi ngokushesha umvikeli okhuphukayo uzosabela kanjani ukuze aguqule umthamo owedlulele. Ngesikhathi i-electronics ibonakala isebenza ngokushesha, empeleni idinga isikhathi sokusebenza. Isikhathi sokuphendula siyahambisana nomoya wokugubha. Abavikeli abaqhamukayo abanezikhathi eziphansi zokuphendulayo bavuselele ngokushesha ukuze baqondise kabusha umthamo ongaphezu kwamandla ngaphambi kokuba nethuba lokubangela umonakalo. Uma ufuna okungcono, khetha izinkathi ngezikhathi zokuphendula ku-nanosecond eyodwa (noma ngaphansi).
- I-UL 1449 (kufanele ibe nalokhu ): I-Underwriters Laboratories UL 1449 iyinqubo yokuphepha ehlonishwayo esebenza kuwo wonke amadivaysi okuvikelwa kwe-Surge Protective (SPD). Le nqubo ibonisa indlela yokuqinisekisa, izidingo zokuklama, nokuhlolwa komkhiqizo wokukhiqiza okumele abakhiqizi bahlangane ukuze umvikeli wokukhuphuka uthathwe njengokuphephile ukusetshenziswa komthengi. Uma umvikeli wokukhuphuka engenawo lokhu kuboniswa ngandlela-thile ebhokisini, kungase kungabi yiyona ndlela engcono kakhulu yokuvikela imishini yakho.
Izici ezengeziwe
Abaningi abavikeli bokukhuphuka banikeza izici ezengeziwe. Ngenkathi bejabule ukuba nabo, bangaphinda bahlasele intengo yokuthenga. Ukubiza okungaphezulu akusho ukuthi kungcono ngokuzenzakalelayo - gxila ezidingo kuqala futhi qiniseka ukuthi ungayinaki izilinganiso zokusebenza ezibalwe ngenhla. Kuzo kumuntu ngamunye ukuba anqume ukuthi lezi zinto ezengeziwe ziyasiza yini noma cha:
- Amapayipi we-USB
- Ukubonisa kwe-LED
- I-Ethernet, coaxial , kanye / noma izingcingo zocingo
- Ukuvikelwa kwe-3-line (noma yonke imodi)
- Ikhefu lesifunda elakhiwe
- Ukuhlunga kwe-EMI / RFI kanye / noma isimo sokwenza amandla
- Ukusekelwa kwebhethri okungapheliyo (UPS)
- Ukufaka esikhundleni (noma isimo sokuvikela) izibani zenkomba kanye / noma ama-alamu azwakalayo
- Ukusindisa amandla (isib. Ama-plug master, timers, njll)
- Ukulawula okungaxhunyiwe okungenantambo
- Izinzwa zokuhamba
- Ukuvikela indlu yonke
Iwaranti
Njengezinhlobo eziningi ze-electronics zabathengi, abavikeli bokukhuphuka bafika ngewaranti yomkhiqizi ohlanganisa izinto zokusebenza ezixhunyiwe kuze kube sezingeni elithile elibekiwe le dollar (lihluka kusuka kumkhiqizo kuya komkhiqizo). Ngethemba ukuthi ngeke kudingeke uyisebenzise, kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi kungcono kakhulu ukulungele. Qinisekisa ukuthi ufunde ngokucophelela ukuphrinta okuhle mayelana nokufakwa kwewaranti. Ezinye izimangalo zidinga umvikeli wokukhuphuka, yonke imishini (noma ngabe ngayinye ilahleke noma yimuphi umonakalo) exhunywe kumvikeli wokukhuphuka ngesikhathi sokulimala, kanye namarisidi okuqala kukho konke .
Ngokuvamile kuningi okungaxhunyiwe, izimo, kanye nokulinganiselwa (okusho ama-hoops okuvuthayo okudlulayo) okudingeka ahlangane ngaphambi kokuthi ubone i-dime, futhi ukubuyiselwa okugcwele akukaze kuqinisekiswe. Ungalindela nokuthi izimangalo zithatha izinyanga ezintathu noma ngaphezulu ukucubungula.
Khumbula:
- Kubalulekile ukuxhuma umvikeli wokukhuphuka egumbini elisendlini elungile - usebenzisa i-adapter ye-prong amathathu kuya kweyodwa ayibala. Uma kungenjalo, ngeke ukwazi ukuvikela njengoba kuhloselwe.
- Ama-joules akuzona zonke izinto. Qinisekisa ukuthi ulinganisa ngokulinganayo isikhathi sokugubha kanye nokuphendula.
- Ungalondolozi ukuvikela abagibeli bezintambo nezinye izivikeli zokukhuphuka, kanye / noma imichilo yamandla, kanye / noma ama-UPS ukuze uthole okunye okuthengwayo. Usebenzisa ingozi yokulayisha ngokweqile izifunda zombane zendlu, ukuvutha umlilo kagesi, kanye / noma ukuvala iwaranti yomkhumbi.
- Abavikeli abaqhamuka kancane kancane bagqoke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi ngeke zibonise njalo uma kudingeka. Ayikho imithetho ebekiwe yesithupha, ngaphandle kokuthi kungumqondo omuhle ukuthenga abavikeli abasha bokugijima ngemuva kokuba abantu abadala benzile umsebenzi wabo (ie uma indawo yakho ibhekene nokulimala / okungavamile kumgridi wamandla wendawo, ukushintsha kwamandla amakhulu, ukuguqulwa kwamandla okushisa, ukuguqulwa kwamandla okuguqula , izibani zomlilo, njll)