I-OLED isho ukuthini futhi isetshenziswa kuphi?
I-OLED, ifomu eliphambili le-LED, limela ukukhanya kwe- organic-emitting diode . Ngokungafani ne-LED, esebenzisa i-backlight ukuze inikeze ukukhanya kwamaphikseli, i-OELD incike ezintweni eziphilayo ezenziwe ngamaketanga e-hydrocarbon ukuze zikhanyise uma zixhumana nogesi.
Kunezinzuzo eziningana kule ndlela, ikakhulukazi ikhono ngalinye lephikseli ukuze lizikhanyise ngokwabo, likhiqize isilinganiso esiphakeme kakhulu sokuhluka, okusho ukuthi abamnyama bangabomnyama ngokuphelele futhi abamhlophe baqhekeke kakhulu.
Lesi yisizathu esiyinhloko amadivaysi amaningi futhi asebenzisa izikrini ze-OLED, kufaka phakathi ama-smartphones, amadivayisi agqoke njengama-smartwatches, ama-TV, amaphilisi, ideskithophu kanye nabaqaphi bekhompuyutha, namakhamera adijithali. Phakathi kwalawo madivaysi kanye nabanye kukhona izinhlobo ezimbili zezibonisi ze-OLED ezilawulwa ngezindlela ezahlukene, ezibizwa ngokuthi i- active-matrix (AMOLED) ne- passive-matrix (PMOLED).
I-OLED isebenza kanjani
Isikrini se-OLED sinezinombolo eziningi. Esikhathini sakhiwo, esibizwa ngokuthi i- substrate , i-cathode ehlinzeka ngama-elektrononi, i-anode ethi "idonsa" ama-electron, kanye nesigaba esiphakathi (uhlaka oluphilayo) oluhlukanisa.
Ngaphakathi kwesendlalelo sendawo kukhona izendlalelo ezimbili ezengeziwe, enye yazo enesibopho sokukhiqiza ukukhanya nomunye wokubamba ukukhanya.
Umbala wokukhanya obonwe ku-OLED ukuboniswa kuthintwa izendlalelo ezibomvu, eziluhlaza, neziluhlaza ezihlanganiswe ne-substrate. Uma umbala kufanele ube mnyama, i-pixel ingacinywa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi akukho ukukhanya okwenzelwe lelo pixel.
Le ndlela yokwakha omnyama ihluke kakhulu kuneyasetshenziswa nge-LED. Uma i-pixel eyayizoba yumnyama isethwe kumnyama kusikrini se-LED, i-shutter ye-pixel ivaliwe kodwa i-backlight isakhipha ukukhanya, okusho ukuthi akukaze kube nzima.
I-OLED Pros ne-Cons
Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-LED nezinye ubuchwepheshe bokubonisa, i-OLED inikeza lezi zinzuzo:
- I-Energy ephumelelayo kusukela i-backlight ayinikezwa amandla. Futhi, uma kusetshenziswe abamnyama, lawo ma-pixel aqondile awadingi amandla nhlobo, okuqhubekayo okusindisa amandla.
- Izinga lokuvuselela lihamba ngokushesha kakhulu kusukela lapho i-pixel shutters ingasetshenzisiwe.
- Ngezingxenye ezingaphansi, ukubonisa, futhi ngaleyo ndlela idivayisi yonke, ingahlala isincane futhi ilula.
- Umbala omnyama ubumnyama ngempela ngoba lezo pixels zingavalwa ngokuphelele futhi azikho ukukhanya okuseduze okuvela emuva okunikeza ukukhanya okuphelile kule ndawo. Lokhu kuvumela inani eliphakeme kakhulu lokuphambene (okusho abamhlophe abamhlophe ngaphezu kwamnyama abamnyama).
- Usekela i-angle ebheka ukubuka ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa umbala okuningi njenge-LED.
- Ukungabi nanoma yiziphi izendlalelo ezingaphezu kwezinguquko kuvumela ukubukwa okunekhenkce futhi okukhazimulayo.
Noma kunjalo, kunezimo ezibucayi ezibonisweni ze-OLED:
- Njengoba ingxenye yesibonakaliso i-organic, ama-OLED abonisa ukuchithwa kombala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okuthinta ukukhanya kwesikrini jikelele nobhalansi bombala. Lokhu kubi kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kusukela izinto ezidingekayo ekwenzeni i-blues decays ngesivinini esisheshayo kunama-reds nemifino.
- Izikrini ze-OLED ziyabiza ukwenza, okungenani kuqhathaniswa nobuchwepheshe obudala.
- Kokubili i-OLED ne-LED ebonisa isipiliyoni sesikrini sishisa-uma ngabe amaphikiseli athile asetshenziswa isikhathi eside isikhathi eside, kodwa umphumela omkhulu kuma-OLED. Noma kunjalo, lo mphumela uyingxenye enqunywe inani lamaphikseli ngamasentimitha .
Ulwazi olungaphezulu ku-OLED
Akuzona zonke izikrini ze-OLED ezifanayo; amanye amadivaysi asebenzisa uhlobo oluthile lwephaneli le-OLED ngoba anesimo esithile.
Isibonelo, i-smartphone edinga izinga eliphakeme lokuvuselela izithombe ze-HD nezinye okuqukethwe okuguquguqukayo njalo, zingasebenzisa ukubonisa kwe-AMOLED. Futhi, ngoba lezi zibonisi zisebenzisa i-transistor encane-ifilimu ukushintsha amaphikseli / ukuvala ukubonisa umbala, ingaba yinto ecacile futhi eguquguqukayo, ebizwa ngokuthi i- OLED eguquguqukayo (noma i-FOLED).
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-calculator evame ukubonisa ulwazi olufanayo esikrinini ngezikhathi ezinde ngaphezu kwefoni, futhi lokho kuvuselela kancane, kungasebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obunikeza amandla ezindaweni ezithile zefilimu kuze kube yilapho ivuselelwa, njenge-PMOLED, kuphi Umugqa ngamunye wokubukwa ulawulwa esikhundleni sephikseli ngayinye.
Amanye amadivaysi asebenzisa izibonisi ze-OLED zivela kubakhiqizi ukuthi umkhiqizo we-Smartphones kanye nama-smartwatches, njengeSmart, Google, Apple, kanye neMikhiqizo Eyisisekelo; amakhamera wedijithali njenge-Sony, iPanasonic, i-Nikon ne-Fujifilm; amaphilisi avela ku-Lenovo, i-HP, i-Samsung, ne-Dell; ama-laptops afana ne-Alienware, i-HP, ne-Apple; izihloli ezivela ku-Oxygen, i-Sony, ne-Dell; kanye nethelevishini evela kubakhiqizi abanjengoToshiba, Panasonic, Bank & Olufsen, Sony, noLowewe. Ngisho neminye imisakazo yemoto nezibani zisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-OLED.
Yeka ukubonisa okwakhiwa akuchazi ukuthi isinqumo saso sini. Ngamanye amazwi, awukwazi ukuthi isinqumo sinesibuko (4K, HD, njll) ngoba nje uyazi ukuthi i-OLED (noma i- Super AMOLED , i- LCD , i-LED, i- CRT , njll).
I-QLED iyinkulumo efanayo uSamil isebenzisa ukuchaza iphaneli lapho ama-LED ahlanganisa khona nocingo lwamachashazi we-quantum ukuze isikrini sibonakale emibala ehlukahlukene. It is for quantum-dot light-emitting diode .