Ukuqonda le mithetho eyisisekelo kubalulekile kunoma ubani odala isifunda, i-electronics, noma uhlelo lwegesi.
Imithetho Eyisisekelo Yomjikelezo
Imithetho eyisisekelo yamasektha kagesi agxile emiphakathini yezingqalasizinda zesisekelo, amavolumu, amanje, amandla, nokumelana, futhi achaze ukuthi ahlobene kanjani. Ngokungafani nobuhlobo obunzima obukhulu kakhulu bama-electronic kanye namafomula, lezi zisekelo zisetshenziswa njalo, uma kungenjalo, ngesisekelo, nanoma ubani osebenza nge-electronics. Le mithetho yatholwa nguGeorg Ohm noGustav Kirchhoff futhi baziwa ngokuthi umthetho we-Ohms nemithetho kaKirchhoff.
Ohms Law
Umthetho we-Ohms ubuhlobo phakathi kwe-voltage, lwamanje nokuphikiswa esifundeni futhi kuyindlela ejwayelekile kakhulu (futhi elula kakhulu) esebenzisayo nge-elekthronikhi. Umthetho we-ohms uthi isimo samanje esivela ngokumelana silingana ne-voltage yonkana nokumelana okuhlukaniswe ukuphikiswa (I = V / R). Umthetho we-ohms ungabhalwa ngezindlela eziningi, konke okuvame ukusetshenziswa. Isibonelo - I-Voltage ilingana neyamanje egeleza ngezikhathi zokuphikisa ukuphikiswa kwayo (V = IR) futhi ukumelana kufana ne-voltage emelene nomoya ohlukaniswe yi-current flowing through it (R = V / R). Umthetho we-Ohms uwusizo ekunqumeni inani lamandla isifunda esisetshenzisiwe kusukela ukudweba kwamandla wesifunda kulingana nalokhu okwamanje okugeleza ngezikhathi zamandla (P = IV). Umthetho we-Ohms ungasetshenziselwa ukucacisa ukudweba kwamandla wesifunda uma nje izinyathelo ezimbili eziguquguqukayo e-ohms umthetho ziyaziwa ngesifunda.
Umthetho we-Ohms umthetho uyithuluzi elinamandla kakhulu ku-elekthronikhi, ikakhulukazi njengoba izifunda ezinkulu zingenziwa lula, kodwa i-ohms umthetho ibalulekile kuwo wonke amazinga okuklanywa kwesifunda kanye ne-electronics. Enye yezinto ezisemqoka kakhulu zomthetho we-Ohms kanye nobuhlobo bamandla ukucacisa ukuthi amandla amaningi ahlakazwa kanjani njengokushisa endaweni. Ukwazi lokhu kubalulekile ukuze isakhi esifanele sesayizi enezinga elifanele lemandla likhethiwe kulesi sicelo. Isibonelo uma ukhetha ukuphikisana komshini ongama-50 ohm ozobona ama-volts angu-5 ngesikhathi sokusebenza okujwayelekile, wazi ukuthi kuyodingeka ukuthi usakaze (P = IV => P = (V / R) * V => P = (5volts ^ 2) / 50ohms) =. 5 Watts) ½ i-Watt uma ibona ama-volt angu-5 kusho ukuthi ukumelana nokulinganisa kwamandla amakhulu kunama-watts angu-0.5 kufanele kusetshenziswe. Ukukwazi ukusetshenziswa kwamandla wezingxenye kwisistimu kukuvumela uma kunezingqinamba ezengeziwe zokushisa noma ukupholisa okungadingeka futhi ubeka ubukhulu bokunikezwa kwamandla wesistimu.
I-Kirchhoff & # 39; s Imizila Yemijikelezo
Ukuhlanganisa umthetho we-Ohms ndawonye ohlelweni oluphelele yimithetho yesifunda kaKirchhoff. I-Current Current Law kaKirchhoff ilandela isimiso sokulondoloza amandla futhi ithi inani lonke lamanje eligeleza ku-node (noma iphuzu) esifundeni lilingana nesamba samanje esivela ku-node. Isibonelo esilula seNqubomgomo Yamanje kaKirchhoff yindlela yokunikezela amandla kanye nesifunda esisezingeni elilodwa ne-resistors eziningana ngokufana. Enye yezingqimba zesifunda yilapho zonke izimpikiswano zixhuma ekunikezeni amandla. Kule node, ukunikezwa kwamandla kuhlinzekela okwamanje ku-node futhi okwamanje okunikezwayo kwahlukaniswa phakathi kwama-resistors futhi kugeleza kuleyo node nakuma-resistors.
I-Voltage Law kaKirchhoff iphinde ilandele isimiso sokulondoloza amandla futhi ithi inani lazo zonke izintambo ezihamba ngokugcwele kwesifunda kufanele zilingane nhlobo. Ukwandisa isibonelo esandulele sokunikezwa kwamandla ngamaningi amelana nezimpande ngokufana phakathi kokunikezwa kwamandla nomhlabathi, i-loop ngayinye yokunikezwa kwamandla, ukumelana, nomhlabathi ubona umthamo ofanayo kuwo wonke umkhondo ngoba kunesici esisodwa esisodwa. Uma i-loop ine-set of resistors in uchungechunge, amandla okulwa nomelana ngamunye azohlukaniswa ngokuvumelana nobuhlobo bomthetho we-Ohms.