Ukufaka amazwana kukhodi yakho ye-CSS kuyasiza futhi kunconywa kakhulu.
Wonke amawebhusayithi akhiwe ngezakhi zesakhiwo (okushiwo yi-HTML) kanye nesitayela esibukwayo noma "ukubukeka nokuzwa" kwalowo sayithi. AmaSpredishithi wesitayela (Cassette) AmaSpredishithi (CSS) asetshenziselwa ukucacisa ukubukeka kwewebhusayithi. Lezi zitayela zigcinwa zihlukaniswe nesakhiwo se-HTML ukuvumela ukuba lula ukubuyekezwa nokunamathela kumazinga wewebhu.
Njengoba ubukhulu bezinsizakalo eziningi kumawebhusayithi amaningi namuhla, amashidi wesitayela angashesha kakhulu futhi abe nzima kakhulu ukusebenza. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma uqala ukwengeza emidlalweni yemidiya yezitayela zewebhusayithi eziphendulayo . Lezo mibuzo zomphakathi kuphela zinganezela inani elibalulekile lezitayela ezintsha kumbhalo we-CSS futhi okwenza kube nzima nakakhulu ukusebenzisana nabo. Yilapho amazwana e-CSS angaba usizo olubalulekile kuwebhusayithi.
Ukwengeza amazwana kumafayela e-CSS ewebhusayithi kuyindlela enhle yokwengeza isakhiwo kuzigaba zalowo khodi kumfundi wesintu obuyekeza idokhumenti. Futhi kuyindlela enhle yokuchaza lezo zitayela ze-professional web ongase asebenze kusayithi esikhathini esizayo - kuhlanganise nawe!
Ekugcineni, ukufaka nge-smartly nge-CSS amazwana kuzokwenza ukuthi isitayela sesitayela sisebenze kalula. Lokhu, empeleni, kubalulekile kumashidi wesitayela azohlelwa ngamathimba. Amazwana angasetshenziselwa ukuxhumana nezici ezibalulekile zeshidi lesitayela kumalungu ahlukene wethimba okungenzeka azijwayele ikhodi kakade. Lezi ziphakamiso zingasiza kakhulu kubantu abaye basebenza kusayithi ngaphambi kokuthi babuyele kule khodi ngemuva kokude nabo isikhathi esithile. Ngivame ukuhlela i-website engakha izinyanga noma ngisho neminyaka edlule futhi ngibe nemibono ehlelwe kahle ku-HTML no-CSS usizo olwamukelekile kakhulu! Khumbula, ngoba nje wakha isayithi akusho ukuthi uzokhumbula ukuthi kungani wenza izinto ozenzile uma ubuyela kulesosiza esikhathini esizayo! Amazwana angenza izinhloso zakho zicacise futhi zicacise noma yikuphi ukungezwani ngaphambi kokuthi kwenzeke.
Into eyodwa ukuyiqonda mayelana namazwana e-CSS ukuthi awabonwanga lapho ikhasi lihumusha kuziphequluli zewebhu. Lezo ziphakamiso zikwaziswa kuphela, njengezimpendulo ze-HTML ziyi (nakuba i-syntax ihlukile phakathi kokubili). Lawa mazwana e-CSS ayithinti ukuboniswa kokubukwa kwesayithi nganoma iyiphi indlela futhi nje akhona ikhodi ngokwayo.
Ukungeza amazwana we-CSS
Ukungeza amazwana we-CSS kulula kakhulu. Uvele ubhalele amazwana wakho ngokuvula nokuvala okulungile amathegi wokuphawula:
- Qala ukuphawula kwakho ngokungeza / *
- Vala amazwana wakho ngokungeza * /
Noma yini evela phakathi kwala ma-tag amabili kuzoba okuqukethwe kokuphawula, kubonakala kuphela kukhodi futhi inganikezwa isiphequluli.
Amazwana we-CSS angaba umugqa owodwa, noma angathatha imigqa eminingi. Nasi isibonelo esisodwa somugqa:
div # border_red {umngcele: obomvu obomvu obomvu; } / * isibonelo somngcele obomvu * /Futhi isibonelo esiningi:
/ ************************** ********************* ****** Isitayela sombhalo wekhodi **************************** ************ *************** /Ukuqeda Izigaba
Enye yezindlela engivame ukusebenzisa ama-CSS amazwana ukuhlela ishidi lami lesitayela ezincane, ezilula kalula. Ngithanda ukukwazi ukubona lezi zigaba kalula uma ngisebenzisa ifayela kamuva. Ukwenza lokhu, ngivame ukufaka imibono ngobuningi be-hyphens kubo ukuze banikeze amakhefu amakhulu, ecacile ekhasini elilula ukubona njengoba ngiphumelela ngokushesha ikhodi. Nasi isibonelo:
/ * ----------------------- Isihloko Semihlobiso ----------------------- ------- * /Uma ngibona enye yalezi ziphakamiso kukhodi yami, ngiyazi ukuthi kungukuqala kwesigaba esisha salowo dokhumenti, ngivumela ukuthi ngisebenze kalula futhi ngisebenzise ikhodi.
& # 34; Ukuphawula ngaphandle & # 34; Ikhodi
Amathegi wamazwana angasiza futhi enkambisweni yangempela yokubhala ikhodi nokulungisa iphutha ikhasi. Amazwana angasetshenziselwa "ukuphawula" noma "ukuvala" izindawo zaleli khodi ukuze ubone ukuthi kwenzekani uma leyo ngxenye engeyona ingxenye yekhasi.
Ngakho lokhu kusebenza kanjani? Kulungile, ngoba amathegi wokuphawula athi isiphequluli singanaki konke phakathi kwabo, ungawasebenzisa ukuvimbela okwesikhashana izingxenye ezithile zekhodi ye-CSS. Lokhu kungasiza uma ulungisa iphutha, noma uma ulungisa ukufometha kwekhasi leWebhu.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, unganezela nje ithegi yokubeka amazwana lapho ufuna ikhodi iqale ukukhutshazeka khona bese ubeka leyo tag ekupheleni lapho ufuna ukuthi ingxenye ekhubazekile iphele. Konke phakathi kwalezo tags ngeke kuthinte ukuboniswa kokubukwa kwesayithi, okukuvumela ukuthi uphumule iCSS ukuze ubone ukuthi ingabe inkinga ingenzeka. Ungangena bese ulungisa lolo daba bese ususa amazwana avela kukhodi.
I-CSS yokubeka amacebiso
Njenge-recap, nanka amanye amathiphu okumele uwakhumbule ngokusebenzisa amazwana ku-CSS yakho:
- Amazwana angaba nemigqa eminingi.
- Amazwana angabandakanya izinto ze-CSS ongafuni ezihunyushwe yisiphequluli, kodwa ungafuni ukususa ngokuphelele. Lena yindlela enhle yokukhipha isitayela samashidi wesitayela sewebhusayithi - qiniseka ukuthi ususe izitayela ezingasetshenzisiwe (ngokuphambene nokushiya zibeke amazwana) uma unquma ukuthi awudingi ku-website
- Sebenzisa amazwana noma nini lapho ubhala i-CSS eyinkimbinkimbi ukuze ungeze ukucaciswa nokwazisa abathuthukisi besikhathi esizayo, noma wena esikhathini esizayo, ngezinto ezibalulekile okufanele bazi. Lokhu kuzosindisa isikhathi esizayo sokuthuthukiswa kubo bonke abathintekayo.
- Amazwana angabuye afake ulwazi lwe-meta efana nalokhu:
- umbhali
- idethi idalwe
- ulwazi lwe-copyright
Ukusebenza
Amazwana angakusiza ngokuqinisekile, kodwa qaphela ukuthi okunye okuphawula kwakho okwengeza kwisitayela sesitayela, kuyoba ngaphezulu kakhulu, okuzophazamisa isivinini nokulanda kwesayithi. Lokhu ukukhathazeka kwangempela, kodwa akufanele unganqikaze ukwengeza imibono ewusizo futhi esemthethweni ngenxa yokwesaba ukuthi ukusebenza kuzohlupheka. Imigqa ye-CSS ayengeze ubungako obukhulu kumqulu. Uzodinga ukungeza ama-TONS emigqa yamazwana ukuze wenze umthelela omkhulu ngobukhulu befayela le-CSS. Ukwengeza imibono ewusizo e-CSS yakho akufanele ikunikeze umthelela omubi wenetha ekhasini.
Ekugcineni, uzofuna ukuthola ibhalansi phakathi kwamazwana awusizo namazwana amaningi kakhulu ukuze uthole izinzuzo kokubili kumadokhumenti akho e-CSS.
Isihloko sokuqala sikaJennifer Krynin. Ihlelwe nguJeremy Girard ngo-7/5/17