I-semiconductor elula kakhulu-i- diode- ifaka imisebenzi ehlukahlukene ewusizo ehlobene nenhloso yayo eyinhloko yokulawula ukuqondiswa kokugeleza kwamanje kagesi. Ama-diodes avumela okwamanje ukugeleza kubo ngendlela eyodwa kuphela.
I-diode ephumelelayo ebonakalayo ibonakala njengama-circuits evulekile ngamandla amabi futhi ibukeka njengama-circuits amafushane ngenye indlela. Kodwa ngenxa yokuthi ama-diode avuma ukungasebenzi kahle, ubudlelwane bawo bamanje-kuya-voltage abukho emthethweni.
Njengalokhu, uzofuna ukubonana nedatha ye-diode ukuze ubone igrafu yekhasi lanoma yiliphi i-voltage ye-diode elinikeziwe elihambelana nosuku lwayo langaphambili, ukuze ukhethe i-diode efanele yephrojekthi yakho ethile.
Izicelo ze-Diodes
Naphezu kokusebenzisa amadivaysi e-micro-semiconductor ama-simple, ama-diodes abalulekile kumakhompyutha anamuhla. Ezinye zezicelo ezijwayelekile zamadidi zihlanganisa:
- Ukulungisa i-voltage, njengokuthi i-AC ibe yi-DC voltages
- Ukususa izimpawu kusuka ekunikezeni
- Ukulawula ubukhulu besignali
- Izimpawu zokuxuba
Ukuguqulwa kwamandla
Isicelo esisodwa esibalulekile samadidi ukuguqula amandla we-AC kumandla kagesi. I-diode eyodwa noma ama-diodes amane angasetshenziselwa ukuguqula amandla omkhaya we-110V kuya ku-DC ngokwenza isigamu (i-diode eyodwa) noma i-wave full (ama-diode amane) wokulungisa kabusha . I-diode yenza lokhu ngokuvumela ingxenye eyodwa yesimo se-AC wave ukuhamba ngayo. Uma le puls voltage isetshenziselwa ukushaja i-capacitor, i-voltage yokukhipha ibonakala iyimvolumu eqinile ye DC ene-voltage encane. Ukusebenzisa i-rectifier esebenza ngokugcwele kwenza le nqubo iphumelele nakakhulu ngokuhambisa imizila ye-AC ukuze izingxenye ezimbili ezihle nezingalungile ze-sine wave input zibonwe njengama-pulses amahle kuphela, ngokuphindaphindiwe ngokuphindaphindiwe imvamisa yezingxube zokufakelwa kumakhansela, kusiza ukuyigcina ikhokhiswa futhi inikeze umthamo ozinzile.
Ama-diode nama-capacitors angasetshenziselwa ukwakha izinhlobo eziningi zezintambo ze-voltage ukuthatha umthamo we-AC encane bese uyandisa ukuze enze imiphumela ephezulu kakhulu yombane. Zombili imiphumela ye-AC ne-DC ingenzeka ngokusebenzisa ukulungiswa okulungile kwama-capacitors nama-diode.
Ukumiswa Kwezimpawu
Ukusetshenziswa okuvame kakhulu kwamadidi ukususa ingxenye engalungile yesignali ye-AC. Ngenxa yokuthi ingxenye engafanele yesimo se-AC yomsindo ngokuvamile ifana nengxenye enhle, imininingwane encane kakhulu ilahlekile kule nqubo yokuyiqeda, okuholela ekusetshenzisweni kwesignali esebenzayo.
Ukuchithwa kwezimpawu kusetshenziselwa kakhulu kuma- radios njengengxenye yesistimu yokuhlunga ukusiza ukususa isignali yomsakazo kusuka ku-wave wave.
Ukuvikelwa kwe-Over-Voltage
Ama-diodes asebenza kahle njengamadivaysi okuvikela okwakhiwa kwezinto ezibucayi. Uma isetshenziswa njengamadivayisi wokuvikelwa kwamandla, ama-diodes awahambisani nemibandela evamile yokusebenza kodwa ngokushesha aphuze noma iyiphi i-spike ephezulu ephansi lapho ingenakonakalisa isifunda esihlanganisiwe. Ama-diode akhethekile okuthiwa i- voltage suppressors amancane ayakhelwe ngokukhethekile ukuvikelwa kwe-over-voltage futhi angakwazi ukusingatha ama-spikes amandla amakhulu kakhulu isikhathi esifushane, izici ezijwayelekile ze-spike yamandla noma ukushaqeka kwamandla kagesi, okungavame ukulimaza izingxenye bese kufushane ukuphila komkhiqizo we-elektroniki.
Ngokufanayo, i-diode ingakwazi ukulawula umthamo ngokusebenza njenge- clipper noma i- limititer -injongo ekhethekile efaka umthamo ongagudlulela kuwo endaweni ethile.
Ukuhamba Kwamanje
Ukusetshenziswa okuyisisekelo kwamadidi ukuhambisa okwamanje futhi uqinisekise ukuthi kugeleza kuphela ngendlela efanele. Enye indawo lapho amandla okulawula amashadi asetshenziselwa umphumela omuhle ekushintsheni kwamandla avela ekunikezeni amandla amandla asebenza ebhethri. Uma idivaysi ixhunyiwe futhi ishaja-isibonelo, ifoni noma amandla angaphazanyiswa amandla - idivayisi kufanele idonse amandla ngaphandle kokunikezwa kwamandla wangaphandle hhayi ibhethri, kanti ngenkathi ixhunyiwe ibhethri kufanele idonse amandla futhi uvuselele kabusha. Uma nje umthombo wamandla ususiwe, ibhethri kufanele inikwe amandla idivayisi ukuze kungabikho ukuphazanyiswa okuqaphela umsebenzisi.
Isibonelo esihle sokuqondisa kwamanje ngukuvikela okuqhubekayo kwamanje. Cabangela, isibonelo, imoto yakho. Uma ibhethri yakho ifa futhi umuntu odlulayo onomusa unikeza usizo ngezintambo ze-jumper, uma uxuba umyalelo wezintambo ezibomvu nezomnyama awuyikufisa uhlelo lwegesi yemoto yakho ngoba ama-diodes eduze kwebhethri avimbela okwamanje ukuqondisa okungalungile.
AmaGrikhi oLungile
Amakhompiyutha asebenza ku-binary-ulwandle olungapheli lwama-zero kanye nalawo. Izihlahla zesinqumo sokubambisana ku-computing zisekelwe kumasango e-logic anikwe ama-diode alawula ukuthi ngabe ishintshi ivuliwe ("1") noma ivaliwe ("0"). Nakuba amakhulu ezinkulungwane zama-diode avela kumaprosesa anamuhla, asebenza ngendlela efanayo ne-diodes oyithenga esitolo se-elekthronikhi-kakhulu kakhulu.
Ama-diodes noKhanya
I-flashlight ye-LED iwukukhanya nje kwe-flashlight okukhanyisa kwayo kutholakala ku-diode ekhanyayo. Lapho kukhona amavolumu amahle, ama-LED akhanya.
I-photodiode, ngokuphambene nalokho, yamukela ukukhanya ngomqoqo (njengepaneli yelanga elincane) futhi iguqula lokho kukhanya ibe yincani yamanje.