Indlela yokusebenzisa Ithuluzi 'Ngram Viewer' ku-Google Amabhuku

I-Ngram, evame ukubizwa nge-N-gram ukuhlaziywa kwamanani okuqukethwe kombhalo noma kwenkulumo ukuthola n (inombolo) yento ethile yento kulo mbhalo. Kungaba zonke izinhlobo zezinto, njengama-phonemesi, ama-prefixes, imishwana, noma izinhlamvu. Nakuba i-N-gram ingacacile ngaphandle komcwaningi, empeleni isetshenziselwa ezinhlobonhlobo zemikhakha, futhi inezimpendulo eziningi kubantu abenza izinhlelo zekhompyutha eziqonda futhi ziphendule ngolwimi olukhulunywa ngemvelo. Lokho, ngokusobala, kungaba isithakazelo se-Google kulo mbono.

Endabeni ye-Google Books Ngram Viewer, umbhalo ozohlaziywa uvela kunani elikhulu lezincwadi i-Google ifunwe kuyo kusukela emitapo yolwazi yomphakathi ukuze ilandise injini yokusesha ye- Google Amabhuku . Ku-Google Amabhuku we-Ngram Viewer, abhekisela embhalweni ozowahlola njenge "corpus." I-corporal e-Ngram Viewer ihlukaniswe ngolimi, nakuba ungahlaziya ngokwehlukana isiNgisi noma isiNgisi saseNgilandi noma uhlanganise nabo. Kuphela kube mnandi kakhulu ukuguqulwa kusuka ekuBrithani kuya ekusebenziseni kwemigomo yaseMelika bese ubona amashadi ashintsha.

Indlela Ngram Isebenza Ngayo

  1. Iya ku-Google Amabhuku we-Ngram Viewer ku-books.google.com/ngrams.
  2. Izinto zise-case sensitive, ngokungafani nokuseshwa kwe-Google Web, ngakho-ke qiniseka ukuthi uzama amagama amabizo.
  3. Thayipha kunoma yimaphi amagama noma imisho oyifisa ukuyihlaziya. Qinisekisa ukuhlukanisa ibinzana ngalinye nge-comma. I-Google isikisela, "u-Albert Einstein, uSherlock Holmes, u-Frankenstein" ukuze uqale.
  4. Okulandelayo, thayipha ebangeni ledethi. Okuzenzakalelayo kungu-1800 kuya ku-2000, kodwa kunezincwadi zamuva kakhulu (ngo-2011 yizo zakamuva ezifakwe kuhlu kumadokhumenti e-Google, kodwa lokho kungase kushintshwe.)
  5. Khetha i-corpus. Ungasesha amathekisthi angaphandle kwamanye amazwe noma isiNgisi, futhi ngaphezu kokukhetha okujwayelekile, ungabona izinto ezinjengesiNgisi (2009) noma i-American English (2009) "ngezansi. Lezi zikhombisi ezindala ukuthi i-Google ivuselelwe kusukela manje, kodwa ungase ube nesizathu sokuthi uqhathanise namasethi endala. Iningi labasebenzisi bangabanaki futhi bagxile ekwakheni okusheshayo kakhulu.
  6. Setha izinga lakho lokushelela. Ukuphuza kubhekisela ekubuseni kwegrafu ekugcineni. Ukumelwa okunembile kakhulu kungaba izinga elibusayo le-0, kodwa lokho kungase kube nzima ukufunda. Okuzenzakalelayo kusethelwe ku-3. Ezimweni eziningi, akudingeki ulungise lokhu.
  1. Cindezela inkinobho yokusesha izincwadi eziningi . (Ungase futhi ufake ukufaka okufakiwe kusesho lokusesha.)

Kuyini Ukubonisa Ngram?

I-Google Books I-Ngram Viewer izokhipha igrafu emele ukusetshenziswa kwegama elithile ezincwadini ngezikhathi. Uma ufake igama elingaphezu kwelilodwa noma ibinzana, uzobona imigqa ekhokhelwe umbala ukuphambene nemibandela ehlukile yokusesha. Lokhu kuhle kakhulu kufana ne- Google Trends , kuphela ukusesha kuhlanganisa isikhathi eside.

Nasi isibonelo sangempela-siphila.Sibe nesifiso mayelana nama-vinegar amashayi. Bakhulunywa endlini encane yaseLaura Ingalls Wilder esihlokweni sePrairie , kodwa sasingakaze sikuzwe ngaleyo nto. Sisebenzise kuqala usesho lwewebhu le-Google ukuze sifunde kabanzi mayelana noviniga ngamapipi. Ngokusobala, babhekwa njengengxenye ye-cuisine yaseMelika yaseNingizimu Afrika futhi ngempela bayenziwe kusuka uviniga. Balalela izikhathi lapho bonke abantu bengenawo umkhiqizo omusha ngaso sonke isikhathi sonyaka. Ingabe leyo yindaba yonke?

Siseshe i-Google Ngram Viewer, futhi kukhona okukhulunywa ngakho nge-pie kokubili ngasekupheleni kwe-1800, okukhulunywe okuningi kuma-1940, kanye nenani elinyukayo lokukhulunywa ngezikhathi zamuva (mhlawumbe amanye ama-pie nostalgia.) Yebo, kukhona inkinga nedatha ngenani elibusayo le-3. Kukhona i-plateau phezu kokukhulunywa ngawo ngawo-1800. Ngokuqinisekile bekungekho inani elilinganayo lokukhulunywa ngephayi elilodwa minyaka yonke iminyaka emihlanu? Okwenzekayo ukuthi ngoba azikho eziningi zezincwadi ezishicilelwe ngaleso sikhathi, futhi ngoba idatha yethu isethelwe ukushelela, iyaphazamisa isithombe. Mhlawumbe kwakukhona ibhuku elilodwa elikhuluma uviniga, futhi lalinganiselwe ukugwema i-spike. Ngokubeka i-smoothing ku-0, singabona ukuthi yilokho kunjalo. I-spike iqala ngo-1869, futhi kukhona enye i-spike ngo-1897 no-1900.

Ngabe akekho okhuluma ngoviniga ohamba isikhathi sonke? Cishe bakhuluma ngalawo ma pie. Kwakukhona cishe izindlela zokupheka ezihamba kuwo wonke indawo. Abavele babhale ngazo ngezincwadi, futhi lokho kungumkhawulo wamasesha ka-Ngram.

I-Advanced Ngram Searches

Khumbula indlela esho ngayo ukuthi iNgrams ingaba nezo zonke izinhlobo zokusesha umbhalo ezahlukene? I-Google ikuvumela ukuba ubheke kancane kancane ne-Ngram Viewer futhi. Uma ungathanda ukusesha inhlanzi isenzo kunokudoba igama, ungenza kanjalo ngokusebenzisa amathegi. Kulesi simo, uzodinga "fish_VERB"

I-Google inikeza uhlu oluphelele lwemilayezo ongayisebenzisa kanye namanye amadokhumenti athuthukile kuwebhusayithi yabo.