Isebenza kanjani i-Base64 Encoding Works

by Heinz Tschabitscher

Uma i-intanethi yindlela emgwaqeni yolwazi, khona-ke indlela ye-imeyli ingumfula omncane. Amalothi amancane kuphela angadlula.

Uhlelo lokuthutha lwe-imeyli lwenzelwe umbhalo ocacile we-ASCII kuphela. Ukuzama ukuthumela umbhalo kwezinye izilimi noma amafayili okungahambisani nawo kufana nokuthola iloli emgwaqeni.

I-Truck Big Ihamba Kanjani Ngodonga?

Khona-ke uthumela kanjani iloli elikhulu ngokusebenzisa intaba encane? Kumele uthathe izicucu ekugcineni, uhambise izingcezu phakathi komfula, uphinde wakha iloli kusuka ezicucini ngakolunye uhlangothi.

Okufanayo kwenzeka uma uthumela okunamathiselwe kwefayela nge-imeyili . Enkambweni eyaziwa ngokuthi ikhodi yedatha kanambambili ishintshelwe kumbhalo we-ASCII, ongathunyelwa nge-imeyili ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Ekupheleni komamukeli, idatha ikhonjisiwe futhi ifayela lokuqala liyakhiwe kabusha.

Enye indlela yokufaka idatha ekhonjisiwe njengombhalo ocacile we-ASCII yi-Base64. Ngenye yezinkambiso ezisebenziselwe izinga elijwayelekile le- MIME ukuthumela idatha ngaphandle kombhalo ocacile .

I-Base64 eya ekukhululweni

I-Base64 encoding ithatha ama-byte amathathu, ngalinye eliqukethe izinkinobho eziyisishiyagalombili, futhi limelela njengezinhlamvu ezine eziphrinta kwizinga le-ASCII. Lokhu kwenza lokho ngokubili izinyathelo ezimbili.

Isinyathelo sokuqala ukuguqula ama-byte amathathu kuya ezinombolweni ezine zezinkinobho eziyisithupha. Umlingisi ngamunye kwizinga le-ASCII liqukethe izinhlamvu eziyisikhombisa. I-Base64 isebenzisa kuphela ama-bits angu-6 (afana no-2 ^ 6 = izinhlamvu ezingu-64) ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ikhodi encoded ishicilelwa futhi ifundwa ngabantu. Azikho izinhlamvu ezikhethekile ezitholakalayo ku-ASCII ezisetshenzisiwe.

Izinhlamvu ezingu-64 (ngakho-ke igama elithi Base64) liyizinombolo ezingu-10, izinhlamvu ezingaphansi ezingu-26, izinhlamvu ezingu-26 ezinkulu kanye ne-'+' kanye '/'.

Uma isibonelo, ama-bytes amathathu angama-155, 162 no-233, ukusakaza okuhambelanayo (nokwesabisa) okungu-100110111010001011101001, okufanayo okuhambisana namanani angu-6-bit 38, 58, 11 no-41.

Lezi zinombolo ziguqulwa zibe yizinhlamvu ze-ASCII esiteji sesibili usebenzisa ithebula lekhodi ye-Base64. Amagugu angu-6-bit wesibonelo sethu ahumusha ekulandeleni kwe-ASCII "m6Lp".

155 -> 10011011
162 -> 10100010
233 -> 11101001
100110 -> 38
111010 -> 58
001011 -> 11
101001 -> 41
38 -> m
58 -> 6
11 -> L
41 -> p

Le nqubo yezinyathelo ezimbili isetshenziselwa ukulandelana konke kwama-bytes okufakwe ikhodi. Ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi idatha ekhonjiwe inganyatheliswa kahle futhi ayidluli noma yikuphi umkhawulo wamakamelo we-mail server, izinhlamvu ezintsha zifakiwe ukugcina ubude bomugqa ngaphansi kwezinhlamvu ezingu-76. Izinhlamvu ezintsha zifakwe ikhodi njengamanye eminye idatha.

Ukuxazulula i-Endgame

Ekupheleni kwenqubo yokufaka ikhodi, singase singene enkingeni. Uma ubukhulu bemininingwane yangempela ngama-bytes buyi-multiple of three, konke kusebenza kahle. Uma kungenjalo, singase sigcine nge-bytes eyodwa noma amabili. Ukuze ufake ikhodi efanele, sidinga ngokuqondile ama-byte amathathu, noma kunjalo.

Isixazululo ukufaka ama-bytes anenani ngenani le- '0' ukwakha iqembu le-3-byte. Amagugu amabili anjalo ahlanganiswa uma sinesidingo esisodwa sedatha, enye ifakwe nge-bytes amabili engeziwe.

Yiqiniso, lezi zindlela zokufakelwa ezenzakalelayo ezingu-0 azikwazi ukufakwa ikhodi esebenzisa ithebula lokufaka ikhodi ngezansi. Kumelwe zimelelwe umlingiswa we-65.

Umlingisi we-Base64 we-padding uwukuthi '='. Ngokuvamile, kungabonakala kuphela ekupheleni kwedatha ekhonjiwe.

Ithebula lokubhala le-Base64

Inani	Char	Inani	Char	Inani	Char	Inani	Char
0	A	16	Q	32	g	48	w
1	B	17	R	33	h	49	x
2	C	18	S	34	i	50	y
3	D	19	T	35	j	51	z
4	E	20	U	36	k	52	0
5	F	21	V	37	l	53	1
6	G	22	W	38	m	54	2
7	H	23	X	39	n	55	3
8	I	24	Y	40	o	56	4
9	J	25	Z	41	p	57	5
10	K	26	a	42	q	58	6
11	L	27	b	43	r	59	7
12	M	28	c	44	s	60	8
13	N	29	d	45	t	61	9
14	O	30	e	46	u	62	+
15	P	31	f	47	v	63	/

Inani	Char	Inani	Char	Inani	Char	Inani	Char
0	A	16	Q	32	g	48	w
1	B	17	R	33	h	49	x
2	C	18	S	34	i	50	y
3	D	19	T	35	j	51	z
4	E	20	U	36	k	52	0
5	F	21	V	37	l	53	1
6	G	22	W	38	m	54	2
7	H	23	X	39	n	55	3
8	I	24	Y	40	o	56	4
9	J	25	Z	41	p	57	5
10	K	26	a	42	q	58	6
11	L	27	b	43	r	59	7
12	M	28	c	44	s	60	8
13	N	29	d	45	t	61	9
14	O	30	e	46	u	62	+
15	P	31	f	47	v	63	/

Inani	Char	Inani	Char	Inani	Char	Inani	Char
0	A	16	Q	32	g	48	w
1	B	17	R	33	h	49	x
2	C	18	S	34	i	50	y
3	D	19	T	35	j	51	z
4	E	20	U	36	k	52	0
5	F	21	V	37	l	53	1
6	G	22	W	38	m	54	2
7	H	23	X	39	n	55	3
8	I	24	Y	40	o	56	4
9	J	25	Z	41	p	57	5
10	K	26	a	42	q	58	6
11	L	27	b	43	r	59	7
12	M	28	c	44	s	60	8
13	N	29	d	45	t	61	9
14	O	30	e	46	u	62	+
15	P	31	f	47	v	63	/

I-Truck Big Ihamba Kanjani Ngodonga?

I-Base64 eya ekukhululweni

Ukuxazulula i-Endgame

Ithebula lokubhala le-Base64

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Inani	Char	Inani	Char	Inani	Char	Inani	Char
0	A	16	Q	32	g	48	w
1	B	17	R	33	h	49	x
2	C	18	S	34	i	50	y
3	D	19	T	35	j	51	z
4	E	20	U	36	k	52	0
5	F	21	V	37	l	53	1
6	G	22	W	38	m	54	2
7	H	23	X	39	n	55	3
8	I	24	Y	40	o	56	4
9	J	25	Z	41	p	57	5
10	K	26	a	42	q	58	6
11	L	27	b	43	r	59	7
12	M	28	c	44	s	60	8
13	N	29	d	45	t	61	9
14	O	30	e	46	u	62	+
15	P	31	f	47	v	63	/