I-MIME yenza kube lula ukuthumela okunamathiselwe kwefayela ngama-imeyili. Nakhu ukuthi kusebenza kanjani.
I-MIME imelela i- "Multipurpose Mail Extensions". Kuzwakala kokubili okunzima futhi okungenasici, kodwa i-MIME ihlanganisa amandla okuqala e-imeyli ye-intanethi ngendlela ejabulisayo.
Imilayezo ye-imeyli ichazwe ngu-RFC 822 (futhi kamuva i-RFC 2822) kusukela ngo-1982, futhi cishe bayoqhubeka belalela le nqubo isikhathi eside esizayo.
Akukho lutho Kodwa Umbhalo, Umbhalo Ophansi
Ngeshwa, i-RFC 822 ihlupheka ngenxa yezinsalela eziningi. Okubaluleke kakhulu, imilayezo ehambisana naleso simiso akumele iqukathe lutho ngaphandle kombhalo ocacile we-ASCII.
Ukuze uthumele amafayela (afana nezithombe, amadokhumenti womshini wombhalo noma izinhlelo), omunye kufanele aguqulwe ibe umbhalo ocacile kuqala bese athumela umphumela wokuguqulwa emzimbeni womlayezo we-imeyli. Umamukeli kufanele akhiphe umbhalo kusuka kumlayezo futhi awutjhugulule kufomethi yefayela kanambambili futhi. Lena inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi, futhi ngaphambi kokuba i-MIME konke kwadingeka kwenziwe ngesandla.
I-MIME ilungisa le nkinga efakwe ku-RFC 822, futhi yenza kube lula ukusebenzisa izinhlamvu zamazwe ngamazwe emilayezo ye-imeyili, futhi. Ngomkhawulo we-RFC 822 kuya embhalweni ocacile (wesiNgisi), lokhu kwakungeke kwenzeke ngaphambili.
Ukungabi Nokwakhiwa
Ngaphezu kokulinganiselwa kwezinhlamvu ze-ASCII, i-RFC 822 ayibonakali isakhiwo somlayezo noma ifomethi yedatha. Njengoba kucacile ukuthi uthola i-junk eyodwa yedatha yombhalo ocacile, lokhu akudingekile uma izinga lichazwa.
I-MIME, ngokuphambene nalokho, ikuvumela ukuthi uthumele izingcezu eziningi zedatha ehlukile emlayezo owodwa (kusho isithombe nesitatimende seZwi), futhi utshela iklayenti le-imeyili yomamukeli ukuthi yiyiphi ifomethi yedatha ekhona ukuze benze izinqumo ezihlakaniphile ezibonisa umlayezo.
Uma uthola isithombe, awukho isidingo sokuthi ungabonwa ngombukeli wesithombe. Iklayenti lakho le-imeyili libonisa isithombe ngokwawo noma uqale uhlelo kukhompyutha yakho engakwazi.
Ukwakha nokwandisa i-RFC 822
Manje umlingo we-MIME usebenza kanjani? Ngokuyinhloko, isebenzisa inqubo enzima yokuthumela idatha engahambisani nombhalo ocacile ochazwe ngenhla. Umlayezo womlayezo we-MIME awufaki esikhundleni sezinga elibekwa ku-RFC 822 kodwa ulwandise. Imilayezo ye-MIME ayikwazi ukuqukatha lutho ngaphandle kombhalo we-ASCII noma.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi yonke idatha ye-imeyli kumele isabhaliswe emibhalweni ecacile ngaphambi kokuba umyalezo uthunyelwe, futhi kufanele idijithelwe kwifomethi yayo yasekuqaleni ekupheleni kokuthola futhi. Abasebenzisi bokuqala be-imeyili kwakudingeka benze lokho ngesandla. I-MIME yenza ngathi ngokunethezeka nangokukhululekile, ngokuvamile ngokusebenzisa inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i- Base64 encoding .
Ukuphila njengomyalezo we-imeyili we-MIME
Uma ubhala umlayezo ohlelweni lwe-imeyli olukwazi i-MIME, lolu hlelo lukwenza okulandelayo:
- Uma umlayezo usemibhalweni ye-ASCII ecacile kuphela, uyishiya yedwa bese utshela iklayenti le-imeyli yomamukeli ukuthi alindele lutho ngaphandle kombhalo ocacile .
- Uma umlayezo uqukethe okunamathiselwe okukodwa noma okunye nomzimba onokufometha kwe-HTML, ingxenye ngayinye ibukwa futhi iphathwa ngokuhlukile.
Okokuqala, ifomethi yedatha inqunywe. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuthi utshele iklayenti le-imeyili lomamukeli ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze ngedatha, futhi uqinisekise ukufaka ikhodi efanele ukuze kungabikho lutho olulahlekile ngesikhathi sokudluliswa.
Khona-ke idatha ifakwe ikhodi uma ifomathi ngaphandle kombhalo we-ASCII ocacile. Inqubo yokufaka ikhodi , idatha iguqulwa embhalweni ocacile ofanelekayo kumlayezo we-RFC 822.
Ekugcineni, idatha ekhonjiwe ifakwe emlayezo, futhi iklayenti le- imeyli yomamukeli ukwaziswa ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zedatha okufanele zilindele: Zikhona izinamathiselo? Zibhaliswa kanjani? Yimaphi amafomethi ifayela lokuqala?
Ekupheleni komamukeli, inqubo iguqulwa. Okokuqala, iklayenti le-imeyili lifunda ulwazi olongezwe iklayenti le-imeyili lomthumeli: Ingabe kufanele ngibheke okunamathiselwe? Ngibheka kanjani? Ngiphatha kanjani amafayela aphethwe? Khona-ke, ingxenye ngayinye yomlayezo ikhishwe futhi ihlonishwe uma kunesidingo. Okokugcina, iklayenti le-imeyili libonisa izingxenye eziholela kumsebenzisi. Umzimba wombhalo we-plain uboniswa emgqeni kwiklayenti le-imeyili kanye nokunamathiselwe kwesithombe . Lolu hlelo luhlanganiswe nomlayezo luboniswa ngesithonjana sokunamathisela , futhi umsebenzisi anganquma ukuthi benzeni nalo. Ungayilondoloza endaweni ethile kwi disk yakhe, noma uyiqale ngokuqondile ohlelweni lwe-imeyili.