Uma ikhamera ye-smartphone yakho inganele, ikhamera ye-DSLR ingaba ephelele
Ngezinye izikhathi, ifoni yakho ephathekayo ayikwanele ngempela isithombe sakho. Ungase ufune ukuthuthela ekhamera eyisisekelo ye- DSLR kunalokho noma, okungenani, ube nesandla esisodwa emotweni. Uma wazi ukuthi ungasebenzisa kanjani izilungiselelo zekhamera ze-DSLR, uzokwazi ukuthatha isibhamu esiphezulu samaselula kwezinye izimo.
Ukusebenzisa imodi yekhamera ye-DSLR yombhalo kungase kubonakale njengethuba eliyinkimbinkimbi kodwa ikhamera enkulu yokuhamba nayo. Kule modeli, ikhamera inikeza umsebenzisi ogcwele ukulawula kuzo zonke izilungiselelo, futhi kungaba khona inani elifanele ukulikhumbula. Kodwa uma usebenzise ukusebenzisa izindlela zokuqala zokuvala nokuvala kuqala , kuyisinyathelo esilula ukuhambisa inqubo yokusebenzisa izilungiselelo zekhamera.
Ake sibheke izingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko zokusebenzisa imodi yamandla.
Ukuvula
Ukuvula kulawula inani lokukhanya elifaka ikhamera ngokusebenzisa iris lens. Lezi zimali zimelelwe "ama-f-stop," futhi ukuvula okukhulu kuboniswa inombolo encane. Ngakho-ke, isibonelo, f / 2 yindawo enkulu futhi f / 22 iyindawo encane. Ukufunda mayelana nokuvula kungumsebenzi obalulekile wezithombe eziphambili.
Noma kunjalo, ukuvula kubuye kulawula ukujula kwensimu. Ukujula kwensimu kubhekisela ukuthi ubuningi bezithombe ezungeze futhi ngemuva kwalokhu kuhloswe. Insimu encane yensimu imele inomboro encane, ngakho f2 inganikeza umthwebuli wezithombe insimu encane yenkambu, ngenkathi f / 22 inganikeza ukujula okukhulu kwensimu.
Ukujula kwensimu kubaluleke kakhulu ekuzithombeni, futhi kufanele kube yinto yezinto zokuqala ezithathwa ngumthwebuli wezithombe lapho ehlanganisa isithombe. Isibonelo, ukudubula kwezwe elihle ngeke kube kuhle kakhulu uma insimu encane kakhulu encane isetshenziswe ngengozi!
Isivinini sokuvala
Ijubane lokuvala lilawula inani lokukhanya elifaka ikhamera yakho esibukweni sayo - ie, ngokusebenzisa umgodi ekhamera, ngokumelene ne-lens.
I-DSLRs ivumela abasebenzisi ukusetha isivinini se-shutter kusuka kuzilungiselelo ze-1 / 4000th yesibili cishe kumasekhondi angaba ngu-30 ... nakwamanye amamodeli "Ibhulogi," evumela ukuthi i-photographer ukuthi igcine i-shutter ivuleke isikhathi eside nje uma ikhetha.
Abadwebi bezithombe basebenzisa ukuvinjelwa okusheshayo okufakela isenzo , futhi basebenzisa isivinini se-shutter kancane ebusuku ukuvumela ukukhanya okwengeziwe ekhamera.
Ngokusobala lezi zibonelo ezimbalwa nje. Noma kunjalo, isivinini se-shutter esincane sisho ukuthi abathwebuli bezithombe ngeke bakwazi ukubamba amakhamera abo futhi kuzodingeka basebenzise i-tripod. Kuyamukelwa kabanzi ukuthi i-1/60 yeyesibili ijubane elihamba kancane lapho lingabamba khona.
Ngakho-ke, ijubane lokuvala okusheshayo livumela ukukhanya okuncane kancane ekhamera, kanti isivinini se-shutter esincane sivumela ukukhanya okuningi ekhamera.
I-ISO
I-ISO ibhekisela ekuzweleni kwekhamera ekukhanyeni, futhi inomsuka wayo kuyi-movie photography, lapho ukuhamba okuhlukile kwefilimu kunemisindo ehlukahlukene.
Izilungiselelo ze-ISO kumakhamera adijithali ngokuvamile zivela kusuka ku-100 kuya ku-6400. Izilungiselelo eziphezulu ze- ISO zivumela ukukhanya okwengeziwe ekhamera, futhi zivumela umsebenzisi ukuba adonsele ezimweni eziphansi zokukhanya. Kodwa ukuhweba okuwukuthi, kuma-ISO aphezulu, isithombe sizoqala ukubonisa umsindo obonakalayo nokusanhlamvu.
I-ISO kufanele ibe yinto yokugcina njalo, ngoba umsindo awufisi! Shiya i-ISO yakho ekulungiseleleni kwayo okuphansi kakhulu njengokuzenzakalelayo, kuphela ukuyishintsha lapho kudingeka khona ngokuphelele.
Ukubeka Konke Kuhlangene
Ngakho ngazo zonke lezi zinto okufanele uzikhumbule, kungani udubula kwimodi yebhuku nhlobo?
Ngokuvamile, ngokuvamile kuzo zonke izizathu ezishiwo ngenhla - ufuna ukulawula ukujula kwensimu yakho ngoba udubula i-landscape , noma ufuna ukukhipha isenzo, noma awufuni umsindo emfanekisweni wakho. Futhi lezo ziyisibonelo ezimbalwa nje.
Njengoba uba umthwebuli wezithombe eziphambili, uzofuna ukulawula ikhamera yakho. I-DSLRs ihlakaniphile ngobuhlakani, kodwa azi njalo ukuthi uzama ukuthini izithombe. Inhloso yabo eyinhloko ukuthola ukukhanya ngokwanele esithombeni, futhi abazi njalo ukuthi yini ozama ukuyifinyelela esithombeni sakho.
Ngakho-ke, nansi ukuhweba ukukhumbula: Uma uvumela ukukhanya okuningi ekhamera yakho ngokuvula kwakho, isibonelo, uzodinga isivinini se-shutter esheshayo ne-ISO ephansi, ukuze isithombe sakho singapheli- evuliwe. Noma, uma usebenzisa isivinini se-shutter esincane, cishe uzodinga ukuvula okuncane njengoba i-shutter izovumela ukukhanya okuningi ekhamera. Uma unomqondo jikelele, ungakwazi kalula ukuthola izilungiselelo ezihlukahlukene ozisebenzisayo.
Iziphi izilungiselelo ozodinga empeleni zizoxhomeka nokuthi kukhona ukukhanya okungakanani okukhona. Ngokwesibonelo, ngihlala e-UK, lapho isimo sesimo sezulu sivame ukugqoka, futhi ngivame ukuhlupha ukuthola ukukhanya okwanele ekhamera yami. Ngokuphambene ngokuqondile, lapho ngiphila e-Afrika, kwakudingeka ngihlale ngibheke ukuchayeka ngokweqile, futhi ngisebenzisa insimu encane yomhlaba (ngakho-ke ukuvula okukhulu) ngezinye izikhathi kungaba yinkinga yangempela! Azikho izimpendulo ngezilungiselelo, ngeshwa.
Ukufeza Ukuboniswa Okulungile
Ngenhlanhla, ukwazi ukuthi unokuchayeka okulungile akuxhomeke ngokuphelele ekuqagelekeni. Zonke i-DSLRs inezilinganiso kanye nesibonakaliso sezinga lokuchayeka. Lokhu kuzomelwa kokubili kusibuko sokubuka, futhi noma kwesikrini se-LCD yekhamera noma kwesikrini sokwaziswa kwangaphandle (kuye ngokuthi yini okwenzayo kanye nesimodeli se-DSLR onayo). Uzoyibona njengomugqa ngezinombolo -2 (noma -3) kuya ku- +2 (noma +3) ezihamba kuwo.
Izinombolo zimelela ama-f-stops, futhi kukhona ukungeniswa kwesigcawu emigqeni e-third of stop. Uma ususe isivinini sakho se-shutter, ukuvula, ne-ISO kulokho okudingayo, cindezela inkinobho ye-shutter isigamu bese ubheka lo mzila. Uma ufunda inamba engalungile, kusho ukuthi ukudubula kwakho kuzokwehliswa phansi, futhi inombolo enhle isho ukuvezwa okukhulu. Umgomo ukufezekisa isilinganiso sokuthi "zero", nakuba ngivame ukungakhathazeki uma kuyingxenye yesithathu yokuma noma ngaphasi kwalokhu, njengoba izithombe zizithoba emehlweni akho.
Ngakho-ke, uma ukudubula kwakho kuzobe kukhululekile, ngokwesibonelo, kuzodingeka uvumele ukukhanya okunye ekudutsheni kwakho. Kuye ngendaba yesithombe sakho, ungabe usunquma ukuthi ulungisa ukuvula kwakho noma isivinini se-shutter ... noma, njengendlela yokugcina, i-ISO yakho.
Landela wonke lawa macebiso, futhi maduze uzoba nemodi egcwele yokulawula ngaphansi kokulawula!