Bheka ukuthi yini okudingeka ukwazi nge-HDMI kusuka ku-1.0 kuya ku-2.1.
I-HDMI imele isikhulumi se-High Definition Multimedia. I-HDMI inamba evumelanisiwe yokuxhumeka esetshenziselwa ukudlulisa ividiyo ne-audio digitally kusuka kumthombo kuya kudivayisi yokubonisa ividiyo noma ezinye izingxenye ezihambisanayo.
I-HDMI ihlanganisa nokuhlinzekwa kokulawula okuyisisekelo kwamadivaysi amaningi axhunyiwe we-HDMI (CEC) , kanye nokufakwa kwe- HDCP (High-bandwidth Digital Copy Protection) , evumela abahlinzeki bokuqukethwe ukuba bavimbele okuqukethwe kwabo ekukopheni ngokungemthetho.
Amadivayisi angase afake ukuhlanganiswa kwe-HDMI afaka:
- I-HD ne-Ultra HD TV, izibukeli zevidiyo nama-PC, namavidiyo weprojekthi
- AmaReceivers yasekhaya yasekhaya, izinhlelo zekhaya zasekhaya-in-a-box, kanye ne-Soundbars
- Ukuqeda i-DVD, i-Blu-ray, ne-Ultra HD Players Blu-ray
- Ama-Stream Stream ne-Network Media Players
- Ikhebula le-HD namabhokisi e-Satellite
- I-DVD Recorders ne-DVD Recorder / VCR combos (yokudlala kuphela - awukwazi ukusebenzisa i-HDMI ngomthombo wokurekhoda).
- Ama-smartphone (ahlanganiswe ne- MHL ).
- Amakhamera Adijithali Namakhamera
I & # 39; s Konke Ngezilinganiso
Kunezinguqulo eziningana ze-HDMI eziye zasetshenziswa eminyakeni edlule. Esimeni ngasinye, isixhumi somzimba siyafana, kepha amandla akwazi ukuguquka. Kuye lapho uthenge ingxenye ye-HDMI enikwe amandla, inquma ukuthi iyiphi i-HDMI version idivayisi yakho ingaba nayo. Inguqulo ngayinye elandelanayo ye-HDMI ibuyele emuva ehambisana nezinguqulo zangaphambilini, ngeke nje ukwazi ukufinyelela kuzo zonke izici zenguqulo entsha.
Ngezansi uhlu lwazo zonke izinguqulo ezifanele ze-HDMI ezisetshenzisiwe kusukela kuhlu lwamanje kuya ezedlule. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi akuzona zonke izingxenye zendawo yaseshashalazini ezithathwe njengezingqinamba ne-version ethile ye-HDMI ezohlinzeka ngokuzenzakalelayo zonke lezo zici. Umkhiqizi ngamunye angakhetha futhi akhethe izici ezivela kwi-HDMI yabo ekhethiwe abafuna ukuyifaka emikhiqizweni yabo.
I-HDMI 2.1
NgoJanuwari 2017, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-HDMI Version 2.1 kwabikwa kodwa kwakungenakutholakali ukunikeza amalayisensi nokusebenza kuze kufike ngoNovemba 2017. Imikhiqizo ehlanganisa i-HDMI 2.1 izotholakala ngezikhathi ezithile ngo-2018.
I-HDMI 2.1 isekela amakhono alandelayo:
- Ukuxazulula kwevidyo ne-Frame Rate Support: 4K 50/60 (fps), 4K 100/120, 5K 50/60, 5K 100/120, 8K 50/60, 8K 100/120 , 10K 50/60, 10K 100/120.
- Ukusekelwa kombala: Wide Color Gamut (BT2020), ngo-10, 12, no-16 Bits.
- Ukwesekwa kwe-HDR enwetshiwe: Nakuba i-Dolby Vision, i-HDR10 ne-Hybrid Log Gamma sezivele zihambisana ne-HDMI 2.0a / b, i-HDMI 2.1 izosekela noma yiziphi izakhiwo ze-HDR ezizayo ezingase zisekelwe i-HDMI ver 2.0a / b.
- Ukusekelwa komsindo: Njengoba nje i-HDMI 2.0 ne-2.0a, zonke izakhiwo ezungezile ezisetshenziswayo ziyahambisana.
- Ukusekela Gamage : VRR (Isilinganiso sokuvuselela okuguquguqukayo) sisekelwa. Lokhu kwenza iprosesa yegrafu ye-3D ukuthi ibonise isithombe ngenkathi ihunyushwa - ivumela i-gameplay eyengeziwe yamanzi ahlanzekile futhi enemininingwane, kuhlanganise nokunciphisa noma ukuqedwa kwe-lag, stutter, kanye nokukhipha uhlaka.
- Ukwesekwa kweChethri: 48Gps - ukuze ufinyelele amandla okugcwele wamadivayisi we-HDMI ver 2.1 anikwe amandla, ikhebula le-HDMI elisekela izinga lokudlulisa lama-48Gps liyadingeka.
I-HDMI 2.0b
Kuthulwe ngo-March 2016, i-HDMI 2.0b ihlanganisa ukwesekwa kwe-HDR kufomethi ye-Hybrid Log Gamma, okuhloswe ukuthi isetshenziswe kumapulatifomu wokusakazwa we-4K Ultra HD TV, njenge- ATSC 3.0 .
I-HDMI 2.0a
Kuthulwe ngo-Ephreli 2015, i-HDMI 2.0a isekela okulandelayo:
Ingeza ukusekelwa kwe-HDR (High Dynamic Range) ubuchwepheshe, njenge- HDR10 ne-Dolby Vision .
Lokhu kusho ukuthatha abathengi ukuthi ama-4K Ultra HD TV afaka ubuchwepheshe be-HDR abakwazi ukubonisa ububanzi obubanzi bokukhanya nokuphambene (okwenza futhi imibala ibheke okungokoqobo) kune-4K Ultra HD TV.
Ukusebenzisa i-HDR ngokunenzuzo, okuqukethwe kufanele kubhalwe nge-metrodi edingekayo ye-HDR. Le metadatha, uma ivela kumthombo wangaphandle, idluliselwe ku-TV ngexhumano oluhambisanayo lwe-HDMI. Okuqukethwe kwekhodi ye-HDR kuyatholakala ngefomethi ye - Ultra HD Blu-ray Disc bese ukhetha abahlinzeki bokusakaza.
I-HDMI 2.0
Kuthulwe ngo-Septhemba 2013, i-HDMI 2.0 inikeza lokhu okulandelayo:
- Ukwandisa ukulungiswa kwesinqumo esingu-4K (2160p) se-HDMI 1.4 / 1.4a ukwamukela ama- rate ama-50Hz noma ama-60Hz amafreyimu (isilinganiso esiphezulu sesamba esingu-18 Gbps nombala we-8-bit).
- Ingavuma iziteshi ezingu-32 zesikhathi esisodwa zomsindo ezingase zisekele amafomethi ezungeze ngaphezulu, njengeDolby Atmos , i- DTS: X , ne- Auro 3D Audio
- Ukukwazi ukuthumela imifudlana emibili yevidiyo emele yokubuka kwesikrini esifanayo.
- Ikhono lokuthumela kuze kube nezimpikiswano ezine ezihlukene zomsindo kubalaleli abaningi.
- Ukusekela kohlobo lwesibili 21: 9 (2.35: 1).
- Ukuvumelanisa okunamandla kwemifudlana yevidiyo neyomsindo.
- Ukwandiswa kwamakhono we-HDMI-CEC.
- Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-HDCP yokuvikela ikhophi ebizwa ngokuthi i-HDCP 2.2.
I-HDMI 1.4
Ukwethulwa ngo-May 2009, i-HDMI version 1.4 isekela okulandelayo:
- Isiteshi se-HDMI Ethernet: Lokhu kuneza uxhumano lwe-intanethi nekhaya lwe-HDMI. Ngamanye amazwi, kokubili imisebenzi ye-Ethernet ne-HDMI iyatholakala ngaphakathi kokuxhumeka kwekhebula elilodwa.
- Umsindo Wokubuyisa Umsindo : Lokhu kungase kube isicelo esiwusizo kakhulu se-HDMI 1.4. Lesi sici sinikeza ukuxhumeka okukodwa kwe-HDMI phakathi kwe-TV nomamukeli wendawo yaseshashalazini engakwazi ukudlulisela kuphela amarekhodi alalelwayo / amavidiyo kusukela kumamukeli kuya ku-TV kodwa futhi adlulise umsindo ovela ku-tuner ye-TV kuya kumamukeli. Ngamanye amazwi, uma ulalele umsindo ofinyelelwe yi-tuner ye-TV, awudingi ukuxhumeka okulalelwayo okuhlukile okuvela ku-TV kuya kumamukeli wendawo yaseshashalazini.
- I-3D ngaphezu kwe-HDMI: i- HDMI 1.4 iklanyelwe ukwamukela amazinga we- 3D Blu-ray Disc , enekhono lokudlulisa izibonakaliso ezimbili ezingu-1080p ngesikhathi esisodwa usebenzisa uxhumano olulodwa. QAPHELA: Isibuyekezo (i-HDMI 1.4a) sihlanganisa ukwesekwa okungeziwe kwamafomethi we-3D angasetshenziswa kuma-TV Broadcast, Cable, kanye namaStaneti.
- Ukusekelwa kweSombululo se-4Kx2K: I- HDMI 1.4 ingakwazi ukwamukela isinqumo esingu-4K ngesilinganiso se-30hz uhlaka.
- Ukusekelwa Kwamabala Okunwetshiwe Amakhamera We-Digital: Lokhu kuvumela ukukhiqizwa kombala okungcono uma ubonisa ama-digital namanje izithombe ezivela kuma-Digital Still Cameras ahlobene ne-HDMI.
- Isixhumi se-Micro HDMI: Nakuba i-HDMI mini-connector isungulwe ngo-1.3, njengoba amadivayisi aqhubeka ethola amancane, i-"HDMMI Micro" yasungulwa ukusetshenziswa kwamanye amadivayisi amancane, njenge-Smartphones, I-micro-connector isekela kuze kufike ku-1080p resolution .
- Isistimu Yokuxhumeka Kwezimoto: Ngokunyuka kwamadivayisi we-audio / video digital in-car, i-HDMI 1.4 ingakwazi ukusingatha ukudlidliza okunzima, ukushisa nomsindo okungathinta izinga lokukhiqizwa komsindo nevidiyo.
I-HDMI 1.3 / HDMI 1.3a
Ukwethulwa ngoJuni 2006, i-HDMI 1.3 isekela okulandelayo:
- Ukuvinjelwa kwe-bandwidth nokudluliswa kokudluliswa: Ukuze kuhambisane nokusungulwa kwe-Blu-ray Disc ne-HD-DVD, i-version 1.3 yenezela ukwesekwa kombala obanzi nokusekela kwedatha ngokushesha (kufika ku-10.2Gbps).
- Ukusekelwa kweSombululo Yokunwebisa kunikeziwe ngezinqumo ezingaphezu kuka-1080p kepha ngezansi kwe-4K.
- Ukwesekwa komsindo okwandisiwe: Ukuqhubeka nokusekela i-Blu-ray ne-HD-DVD ohlangothini lwomsindo, i-1.3 isebenzisa ikhono lokubamba i- Dolby Digital Plus , i- Dolby TrueHD , namafomethi we-audio sound aphezulu we- DTS-HD .
- Isivumelwane se-Lip: Ukwengezwa kwe-lip-synch okuzenzekelayo ukukhokhela imiphumela ye-audio and video yokucubungula isikhathi phakathi kokubukwa kwevidiyo kanye nezingxenye zevidiyo / zomsindo.
- Isixhumi esincane: Isingeniso somshini omncane omusha ukuze ubeke kangcono amadivaysi omthombo asebenzayo, njengamakhamera we-digital namakhamera.
I-HDMI 1.3a yanezela ama-small tweaks ama-1.3 futhi yafakwa ngoNovemba 2006.
I-HDMI 1.2
Ukwethulwa ngo-Agasti 2005, i-HDMI 1.2 ihlanganisa ikhono lokudlulisa izimpawu ze-SACD zomsindo ngefomu ledijithali kusuka kumdlali ohambisanayo kuya kumamukeli.
I-HDMI 1.1
Kuthulwe ngo-May 2004, i-HDMI 1.1 inikeza ikhono lokudlulisela kuphela i-video nemilayezo emibili yesiteshi phezu kwekhebula elilodwa, kodwa futhi yengeze ikhono lokudlulisa ama- dollar Digital , Umsindo we- DTS , ne-DVD-Audio, kuze kube ku- 7.1 iziteshi of audio PCM .
I-HDMI 1.0
Kuthulwe ngoDisemba ka-2002, i-HDMI 1.0 iqalile ngokusekela ikhono lokudlulisa isignali yevidiyo yedijithali (ejwayelekile noma ephezulu-definition) ngesignali yomsindo wesiteshi esiphezulu phezu kwekhebula elilodwa, eliphakathi kwesidlali se-DVD esine-HDMI ne-TV noma ividiyo yeprojekti.
Amakhodi we-HDMI
Uma uthengisa amakhodi we-HDMI , kunezigaba eziyisikhombisa zomkhiqizo ezitholakalayo:
- I-HDMI Standard
- I-HDMI Standard ne-Ethernet
- I-HDMI Standard Automotive
- Isivinini esikhulu se-HDMI
- I-HDMI Speed Speed ne-Ethernet
- I-Premium HDMI Speed Speed nge-Ethernet
- Isivinini esikhulu se-HD Premium se-Ultra Premium (esilandelayo izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingu-8K)
Ukuze uthole imininingwane emkhakheni ngamunye, bheka ku-"Okuthola Ikhebula Elilungile" ekhasini le-HDMI.org.
Amanye amaphakheji, ngokuqaphela komkhiqizi, angaqukatha izilinganiso ezengeziwe zezinga lokudlulisa idatha (10Gbps noma 18Gbps), i-HDR, kanye / noma ukuhambisana kombala we-gamut.
Okubalulekile
I-HDMI iyinhlangano yokuxhumeka komsindo / yevidiyo okuzenzakalelayo evuselelwa njalo ukuze ihlangabezane namafomethi wevidiyo namazwi aguqukayo.
Uma unezinto ezifaka izinguqulo ze-HDMI ezindala, ngeke ukwazi ukufinyelela izici ezisuka ezihumulweni ezilandelayo, kodwa uzokwazi ukusebenzisa izingxenye zakho ze-HDMI ezindala ngezinsimbi ezintsha, ngeke nje ukwazi ukufinyelela okusha izici (kuye ngokuthi yini umakhi akhiphe ngempela kumkhiqizo othize).
Ngamanye amazwi, ungaphakamisi izingalo zakho emoyeni ekukhungathekeni, ungene ekujuleni kokuphelelwa ithemba, noma uqale ukuhlela ukudayiswa kwegaraji ukuze ususe imishini yakho ye-HDMI endala - uma izingxenye zakho ziqhubeka nokusebenza ngendlela oyifunayo nabo, ulungile - okukhethwa kukho ukuthuthukiswa kuya kuwe.
I-HDMI iphinde ihambisane nokuxhumana okudala kwe- DVI nge-adapter yokuxhuma. Noma kunjalo, khumbula ukuthi i-DVI idlulisa kuphela izimpawu zevidiyo, uma udinga umsindo, kuzodingeka wenze uxhumano olwengeziwe lolo njongo.
Yize i-HDMI isihambe ngendlela ende yokumisa ukuxhumeka kokulalelwayo nevidiyo nokunciphisa ukuxhuma kwekhebula, inayo ukulinganiselwa kwayo kanye nezindaba, eziqhubeka zihlolwe ezihlokweni zethu zomngane: