I-USB 3, i-USB 3.1, iGenesis 1, iGenesis 2, i-USB Uhlobo C: Kusho ukuthini lokho?
Umbuzo: Kuyini i-USB 3?
Iyini i-USB 3 futhi ingabe iyosebenza namadivayisi ami ase-USB asebekhulile?
Impendulo:
I-USB 3 yi-iterative enkulu yesithathu yezinga le-USB (Universal Serial Bus). Lapho kuqala, i-USB inikeze ukuthuthukiswa okuphawulekayo ngempela ukuthi izixhumanisi zixhunywe kanjani kukhompyutha. Ngaphambilini, amarekhodi angama-serial kanye nama-parallel ayevamile; ngayinye idinga ukuqonda okuningiliziwe kokubili idivaysi kanye nekhompiyutha ibamba idivayisi ukuze imise uxhumano kahle.
Ngenkathi kube khona enye imizamo yokudala uhlelo lokuxhumana olulula lokusebenzisa amakhompyutha namadivaysi, i-USB mhlawumbe eyokuqala ibe yimpumelelo cishe cishe yonke ikhompyutha, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yimuphi umakhi.
I-USB 1.1 iqalile ukubhola ibhola ngokunikeza uxhumano lwe-plug-and-play olwesekelwa ngesivinini kusuka ku-1.5 Mbit / s kuya ku-12 Mbits / s. I-USB 1.1 ayengeyona idemoni elikhulu, kepha kwakungaphezu kokusheshisa okwanele ukusingatha amagundane, izikhibhodi , imodemu, nezinye izitha zokuhamba kancane.
I-USB 2 ifake i-ante ngokuhlinzekela kufika ku-480 Mbit / s. Ngisho noma isivinini esiphezulu sibonakala kuphela ekuqhumeni, kwaba ngcono kakhulu. Amashayela angaphandle angasebenzisa i-USB 2 yaba indlela ethandwa kakhulu yokwengeza isitoreji. Ijubane layo elithuthukisiwe kanye nomkhawulokudonsa wenza i-USB 2 ibe yinto enhle kwezinye izithako eziningi, kufaka phakathi amaskena, amakhamera, namakhompiyutha wevidiyo.
I-USB 3 iletha izinga elisha lokusebenza, ngenqubo entsha yokudlulisa idatha ebizwa ngokuthi i-Super Speed, enikeza i-USB 3 ijubane eliphezulu lama-Gbits / ama-5.
Ekusetshenzisweni kwangempela, isivinini esikhulu se-4 Gbits / s kulindeleke, futhi izinga lokudlulisa eliqhubekayo lika 3.2 Gbits / s lifinyeleleka.
Okusheshayo ngokwanele ukuvimbela iningi lezinkinobho ezinzima zanamuhla ngokugcwalisa uxhumano nedatha. Futhi kuyashesha ngokwanele ukusetshenziselwa ama- SSD amaningi ase- SATA- ikakhulukazi uma i- enclosure yakho yangaphandle isekela i-UASP (i-USB Attached SCSI Protocol) .
I-adage endala ukuthi ukushayela kwangaphandle kuhamba kancane kunezimo zangaphakathi akusekho njalo.
Isivinini esisheshayo akuyona kuphela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-USB 3. Isebenzisa izindlela ezimbili ze-unidirectional, eyodwa okuzoyidlulisa kanye nokwamukela, ngakho-ke akusadingeki ukulinda ibhasi ecacile ngaphambi kokuthumela imininingwane.
I-USB 3.1 I-Gen 1 inezici ezifanayo ezifana ne-USB 3. Inamanani afanayo okudlulisa (ama-5 Gbits / ama-max amakhulu), kodwa ingahlanganiswa nomxhumanisi we-USB Type-C (imininingwane ngezansi) ukunikeza ama-watts angu-100 amandla engeziwe, nekhono lokufaka i-DisplayPort noma i-HDMI yevidiyo.
I-USB 3.1 Gen 1 / USB Uhlobo lwe-C yi-specification yesitoreji esisetshenzisiwe nge -MacBook engu-12-intshi engu-2015 , ehlinzeka ngesivinini esifanayo sokudlulisa njenge-USB 3.0 port, kodwa ineza ikhono lokuphatha ividiyo ye- DisplayPort ne- HDMI , kanye nekhono ukuze usebenze njengechweba lokushaja ibhethri le- MacBook .
I-USB 3.1 Gen 2 idlulisa amazinga okudlulisela ama-USB kuya ku-10 kuya ku-10 Gbits / s, okufana nokusheshisa okufanayo njengokucaciswa kwangempela kwe-Thunderbolt. I-USB 3.1 Gen 2 ingahlanganiswa nomxhumanisi omusha we-USB Type-C ukufaka amandla okuvuselela, kanye nevidiyo ye-DisplayPort ne-HDMI.
Uhlobo lwe-USB (olubizwa nangokuthi i- USB-C ) luyisilinganiso semishini ye-port ehambisanayo ye-USB engasetshenziswa (kodwa ayidingekile) nge-USB 3.1 Gen 1 noma i-USB 3.1 Gen 2 imininingwane.
I-USB-C yezintambo nezincazelo zekhebula vumela ukuxhumeka okubuyiselwayo, ngakho-ke ikhebula le-USB-C lingakwazi ukuxhumeka kunoma yikuphi ukuma. Lokhu kwenza ukuxhuma ikhebula le-USB-C kwi-USB-C port kulula kakhulu.
Ibuye inekhono lokusekela imigwaqo eminingi yedatha, ivumela amanani wedatha kufika ku-10 Gbits / s, kanye nekhono lokusekela ividiyo ye-DisplayPort ne-HDMI.
Okokugcina, i-USB-C inekhono lokuphatha amandla amakhulu (kufika kuma-watts angu-100), okuvumela i-USB-C ukusetshenziselwa amandla noma ukushaja amakhompyutha amaningi amanothi.
Ngenkathi i-USB-C ingase isekele amazinga aphezulu wedatha nevidiyo, ayikho isidingo samadivayisi anezixhumi ze-USB-C ukuze azisebenzise.
Ngenxa yalokho, uma idivayisi inomshini we-USB-C, lokho akusho ukuthi i-port isekela ividiyo, noma isivinini esifana ne-Thunderbolt. Ukuze wazi ngokuqinisekile ukuthi uphenye ngokuqhubekayo, ukuthola ukuthi ngabe i-USB 3.1 Gen 1 noma i-USB 3 Gen 2 port, futhi yiziphi amandla umkhiqizi osebenzayo.
I-USB 3 Architecture
I-USB 3 isebenzisa uhlelo lwe-multi-bus oluvumela i-USB 3 ithrafikhi ne-USB 2 ukuthi isebenze phezu kwekhamera ngesikhathi esisodwa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngokungafani nezinguqulo zangaphambili ze-USB, ezisebenza ngesivinini esiphezulu sedivaysi esheshayo exhunywe, i-USB 3 ingakwazi ukungena ngaphakathi noma ngabe idivayisi ye-USB 2 ixhunyiwe.
I-USB 3 nayo inesici esivamile ku-FireWire ne-Ethernet izinhlelo: ikhono lokuxhumana lokusingatha ukusingathwa. Lekhono ikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise i-USB 3 ngamakhompiyutha amaningi nakwezingcingo ngesikhathi esifanayo. Futhi ngokuqondile kuma-Macs no-OS X, i-USB 3 kufanele ijubane ne-disk mode, indlela i-Apple esebenzisa ngayo uma udlulisa idatha kusuka kumama asekudala kuya kwenye entsha.
Ukuhambisana
I-USB 3 yenzelwe kusukela ekuqaleni ukusekela i-USB 2. Wonke amadivaysi e-USB 2.x kufanele asebenze uma axhunyiwe kwi-Mac ene-USB 3 (noma iyiphi ikhompyutha ifakwe USB 3, ngaleyo ndaba). Ngokufanayo, i-périphérique ye-USB 3 kufanele ikwazi ukusebenza nge-USB 2 port, kodwa lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi, kuncike kuhlobo lwedivayisi ye-USB 3. Uma nje idivaysi ingencike kwenye yezinguquko ezenziwe ku-USB 3, kufanele isebenze nge-USB 2 port.
Ngakho-ke, kuthiwani nge-USB 1.1? Njengoba ngikwazi ukukusho, imininingwane ye-USB 3 ayibhalisi ukwesekwa kwe-USB 1.1.
Kodwa izithako eziningi, kufaka phakathi amakhibhodi wamanje namagundane, amadivayisi we-USB 2. Kungenzeka ukuthi ufune ukumba ngokujulile ekamelweni lakho ukuthola idivayisi ye-USB 1.1.
I-USB 3 ne-Mac yakho
I-Apple yakhetha indlela ethakazelisayo yokufaka i-USB 3 kumnikelo wayo we-Mac. Cishe zonke izinhlobo ze-Mac ezizukulwaneni zamanje zisebenzisa ama-port 3.0 we-USB. Okuhlukile kuphela yi-MacBook ka-2015, esebenzisa i-USB 3.1 Gen 1 kanye nomxhumanisi we-USB-C. Awekho amamodeli wamanje we-Mac azinikezele amachwebeni e-USB 2, njengoba uvame ukutholakala kwi-atna ye-PC. I-Apple isebenzisa i-USB efanayo Isixhumanisi iningi lethu lijwayele; umehluko wukuthi inguqulo ye-USB 3 yalesi sixhumano inezikhonkwane ezinhlanu ezengeziwe ezisekela ukusebenza kwejubane eliphezulu le-USB 3. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kufanele usebenzise ikhamera ye-USB 3 ukuze uthole ukusebenza kwe-USB 3. Uma usebenzisa ikhebula elidala le-USB 2 oyitholile ebhokisini lakho, lizosebenza, kodwa kuphela ku-USB 2 ngesivinini.
I-USB-C port esetshenziswe ku-MacBook ka-2015 idinga i-adapters yekhebula ukusebenza namadivayisi amadala we-USB 3.0 noma i-USB 2.0.
Ungabona iklabhu ye-USB 3 nge-logo ehlanganisiwe kukhebula. Iqukethe izinhlamvu "SS" nge-USB uphawu eduze kombhalo. Okwamanje, ungathola kuphela izintambo ze-USB 3 kuphela, kodwa lokho kungashintsha, ngoba izinga le-USB alidingi umbala othize.
I-USB 3 akuyona kuphela ukuxhumeka komthamo wedijithali ophezulu okusetshenziswa yi-Apple. Ama-Macs amaningi anezikebhe ze- Thunderbolt ezingasebenzisa ngesivinini esingama-20 Gbps. I-2016 MacBook Pro ithumele amachweba ama-Thunderbolt amathathu asekela ama-40 Gbps. Kodwa ngesinye isizathu, abakhiqizi namanje abakanikeli amakhemikhali amaningi we-Thunderbolt, futhi labo abanikezayo bayabiza kakhulu.
Okwamanje, okungenani, i-USB 3 iyindlela yokucabangela intengo ekuxhumaneni kwangaphandle kwejubane eliphezulu.
| I-Mac Model | I-USB 3 | I-USB 3.1 / Gen1 | I-USB 3.1 / Gen2 | I-USB-C | I-Thunderbolt 3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2016 MacBook Pro | X | X | X | X | |
| 2015 MacBook | X | X | |||
| I-2012-2015 i-MacBook Air | X | ||||
| I-2012-2015 i-MacBook Pro | X | ||||
| I-2012-2014 Mac mini | X | ||||
| I-2012-2015 i-iMac | X | ||||
| 2013 Mac Pro | X |