Izibukeli ze-LCD ne-Color Gamuts

Ukunquma Kanjani I-LCD Monitor ekubuyiseleni Umbala

Umbala we-gamut ubhekisela kumazinga ahlukahlukene emibala engakwazi ukuboniswa ngedivayisi. Kukhona empeleni izinhlobo ezimbili zombala we-gamuts, okungeziwe nokukhipha. Ukwengeza kubhekisela kumbala owenziwe ngokuxuba ndawonye ukukhanya okumibala ukukhiqiza umbala wokugcina. Lesi isitayela esetshenziswa amakhompyutha, amathelevishini namanye amadivaysi. Kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi i- RGB ngokusekelwe ekukhanyeni okubomvu, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokuhlaza okusetshenziselwa ukudala imibala. Umbala wokuqothula wukuthi usetshenziselwa ukuxuba ndawonye ama-dyes okuvimbela ukucatshangiswa kokukhanya okukhiqiza umbala. Lesi yisitayela esisetshenziselwa yonke imidiya ephrintiwe njengezithombe, omagazini, nezincwadi. Ibuye ibizwe ngokuthi i-CMYK esekelwe ku-cyan, i-magenta, i-yellow and black pigments esetshenziselwa ukunyathelisa.

Njengoba sikhuluma ngabaqaphi be-LCD kulesi sihloko, sizobe sibheka umbala we-RGB wombala nokuthi kanjani ababheki abahlukahlukene balinganiselwe umbala wabo. Inkinga yukuthi kunezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo ezahlukene zembala ukuthi isikrini singalinganiselwa.

i-sRGB, i-AdobeRGB, i-NTSC ne-CIE 1976

Ukuze ulinganise ukuthi imbala ingakanani engakwazi ukuyilawula, isebenzisa enye yemigqa yembala ejwayelekile echaza ububanzi obuthile bombala. Okuvame kakhulu kumbala we-RGB okusekelwe kumbala i-sRGB. Lona umdlalo wombala ojwayelekile osetshenziselwa wonke ama-computer, ama-TV, amakhamera, amarekhodi wevidiyo namanye ama-electronics abathengi. Ngenye yezinto ezindala kunazo zonke futhi ezincane kunawo wonke kumbala we-gamuts esetshenziselwa ukubhekisela kumakhompiyutha nakumthengi kagesi.

I-AdobeRGB yenzelwe i- Adobe njenge-gamut yombala ukuze inikeze ububanzi obubanzi bemilayezo kune-sRGB. Bakhele lokhu ukuthi basebenzise nezinhlelo zabo zehluzo ezihlukahlukene ezifaka i-Photoshop njengendlela yokunikeza abaqeqeshi izinga eliphakeme lombala lapho besebenza kwihluzo nezithombe ngaphambi kokuguqula ukuphrinta. I-CMYK inebala lombala omkhulu kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa namageyimu we-RGB, ngakho-ke i-AdobeRGB gamut ebanzi inikeza ukuhumusha okungcono kwemibala ukuphrinta kune-sRGB.

I-NTSC yayiyisikhala sombala esithuthukisiwe ukuze uthole imibala engabonakaliswa esweni lomuntu. Kubuye kumelele kuphela imibala ebonakalayo abantu abangayibona futhi empeleni ayikho umbala obala kakhulu kunabo bonke. Abaningi bangase bacabange ukuthi lokhu kuhlobene nesilinganiso sethelevishini esibizwa ngegama, kepha akunjalo. Amadivayisi amaningi emhlabeni wangempela okwamanje ayinalo ikhono lokufinyelela leli zinga lombala ekubonisweni.

Ukugcina kwamagundutshi ombala okungase kuboniswe kukhono lombala we-LCD i-CIE 1976. Izikhala zombala ze-CIE zazingenye yezindlela zokuqala zokuchaza imibala ethile yemathemikhali. Inguqulo ye-1976 yalesi sikhala sombala othize esetshenziselwa ukuhlela isiteleka kwezinye izikhala zombala. Ngokuvamile kuncane kakhulu futhi ngenxa yalokho enye izinkampani ezinjengokuzisebenzisa njengoba zivame ukuba nenani eliphezulu lamaphesenti kunezinye.

Ngakho-ke, ukulinganisa i-gamuts ehlukahlukene yombala ngokwebala lobubanzi bayo obuhambisana nombala obuncane kunabo bonke obubanzi buyoba ngu: CIE 1976

Iyini i-Typical Color Gamut yokubonisa?

Izibukeli ngokuvamile zilinganiswa ngombala wazo ngephesenti yemibala ephuma kumbala wombala okungenzeka. Ngakho-ke, isimiso esilinganisiwe ku-100% se-NTSC singabonisa yonke imibala ngaphakathi kwe- NTSC yombala webala. Isikrini esinama-50% we-NTSC yombala wombala singabonisa ingxenye nje yale mibala.

Ukuqapha kwekhompiyutha ejwayelekile kuzodlulisa cishe ku-70 kuya ku-75% webala le-NTSC yombala. Lokhu kuhle kubantu abaningi njengoba kusetshenziselwa umbala abawubonile eminyakeni eminingi kusukela emithonjeni yethelevishini namavidiyo. (I-NTSC engu-72% ilingana no-100% wembala ye-sRGB yembala.) I-CRTs esetshenziselwa amathelevishini amaningi asebedala kanye nabaqaphi bombala futhi bakhiqiza cishe i-gamut ye-70% yombala.

Labo abafuna ukusebenzisa isibonisi somsebenzi odwebayo wokuzilibazisa noma ubuchwepheshe cishe bafuna into enombala omkhulu. Yilapho abaningi bombala ophezulu omusha noma ama-gamut ebanzi abonakala khona. Ukuze isibonakaliso sibhalwe njenge-gamut ebanzi, ngokuvamile kudingeke ukuthi kuveliswe okungenani u-92% we-NTSC umbala wombala.

Ukubuyiselwa kwe-backlight ye-LCD kuyisici esiyinhloko ekunqumeni i-gamut yayo yombala jikelele. I-backlight ejwayelekile kunazo zonke esetshenziswa ku-LCD yi-CCFL (Ukukhanya kwe-Coldde Fluorescent Light). Lezi zingavame ukukhiqiza cishe i-75% ye-NTSC yombala webala. Amandla we-CCFL angcono angasetshenziswa ukukhiqiza cishe i-100% ye-NTSC. Ukubuyiselwa kabusha kwe-LED okwakusha kuyakwazi ukukhiqiza ama-gamuts amaningi kunama-100% we-NTSC. Uma esho lokho, ama-LCD amaningi asebenzisa uhlelo lwe- LED olubizayo olukhiqiza izinga eliphansi lombala we-color gamut oseduze neCCFL ejwayelekile.

Isifingqo

Uma umbala womqaphi we- LCD kuyisici esibalulekile kwikhompyutha yakho, kubalulekile ukuthola ukuthi imbala engakanani engayibonisa ngempela. Ama-specs omkhiqizi abhala uhlu lwemibala ngokuvamile awawusizo futhi ngokuvamile ayilungile uma kuziwa kulokho abakubonisayo empeleni ngokuvumelana nalokho abakwazi ukukubonisa. Ngenxa yalokhu, abathengi kufanele bafunde ngempela ukuthi umbala wombala womqaphi uyini. Lokhu kuzonikeza abathengi ukumelela okungcono kakhulu kwalokho umqapha okwazi ukukwenza ngokuya kombala. Qinisekisa ukuthi uyazi ukuthi iphesenti ini kanye ne-gamut yombala ukuthi iphesenti isekelwe.

Nasi uhlu olusheshayo lwezigaba ezivamile zamazinga ahlukene wokubonisa:

Okokugcina, umuntu kufanele akhumbule ukuthi lezi zinombolo zivela lapho isibonakaliso silinganisiwe ngokugcwele. Iningi lokubonisa lapho lithunyelwa lihamba ngokulinganisela kombala oluyisisekelo futhi lizokhipha kancane kwenye yezindawo eziningi. Ngenxa yalokho, noma ubani odinga izinga elimnene kakhulu lombala uzofuna ukulinganisa ukubonisa kwakho ngamaphrofayela afanele nokulungiswa usebenzisa ithuluzi lokulinganisela .