Yeka ukuthi i-Digital Digital ne-HDTV zixhunywe kanjani kuma-Analog Television Standards
Ababukeli abaningi be-TV emhlabeni jikelele bacabanga ukuthi ngokusungulwa nokwamukelwa kwe-Digital TV ne-HDTV, izithiyo ezindala ezingeni elijwayelekile levidiyo zisusiwe. Noma kunjalo, lokhu kuyindlela yokucabanga engalungile. Naphezu kokuthi i-video manje iyinombolo yedijithali, umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwamazinga evidiyo akhona ngaphansi kwe-analog systems, isilinganiso sehlaka, isisisekelo sezinga le- Digital TV nama-HDTV .
Isiphi Isilinganiso Sohlaka
Kuvidiyo (kokubili i-Analog, i-HD, noma i-4K Ultra HD ), njengase-ifilimu, izithombe ozibonayo kwesikrini se-TV noma ividiyo esibukwayo ziboniswa njengezimele. Kodwa-ke, nakuba lokho okubonayo kuyisithombe esiphelele, kukhona umehluko endleleni amafrimu adluliselwa ngayo ngabasakazo, adluliselwa nge-ukusakaza noma imidiya yomzimba, kanye / noma aboniswe esikrinini sethelevishini.
Imigqa namaPixel
Izithombe zevidiyo ezisakazwa bukhoma noma ziqoshiwe, empeleni zenziwe imigqa yokuskena noma imigqa ye-pixel . Kodwa-ke, ngokungafani nefilimu, lapho isithombe esivela khona esikrinini ngesikhathi esisodwa, imigqa noma imigqa yepikelli esithombeni sevidiyo iboniswa ngaphesheya kwesikrini eqala phezulu kwesikrini futhi ihambela phansi. Le migqa noma imigqa ye-pixel ingaboniswa ngezindlela ezimbili.
Indlela yokuqala yokubonisa izithombe ukuhlukanisa imigqa ibe amasimu amabili lapho yonke imigqa embalwa engavamile noma imigqa ye-pixel iboniswa kuqala bese zonke imigqa elandelwayo noma imigqa yamaphikseli iboniswa ngokulandelayo, empeleni, ukukhiqiza uhlaka oluphelele . Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi i- interlacing noma i-interlaced scan .
Indlela yesibili yokubonisa izithombe, esetshenziswe ku- LCD, Plasma, DLP, OLED ama-panel panel we-flat panel kanye nabahloli bekhompiyutha , ibhekwa njengokuskena okuqhubekayo . Lokhu kusho ukuthi esikhundleni sokubonisa imigqa emasimini amabili okunye, ukuskena okuqhubekayo kuvumela imigqa noma imigqa yamaphikseli ukuba iboniswe ngokulandelana. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kokubili imigqa engaqondakali ngisho nemininingwane noma imigqa yamaphikseli iboniswa ngokulandelana kwezinombolo.
I-NTSC ne-PAL
Inombolo yemigqa emibili noma imigqa ye-pixel ibeka amandla okukhiqiza isithombe esicacile, kodwa kukhona okunye endabeni. Kuyabonakala ngalesi sikhathi ukuthi enkulu kunazo zonke imigqa emibala noma imigqa yamaphikseli, ngokuningiliziwe isithombe. Kodwa-ke, ngaphakathi kwezemidlalo ye-analog video, inani lamigqa eqondile noma imigqa ye-pixel lihlelwe ngaphakathi kwesistimu. Izinhlelo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-analog video ziyi- NTSC ne-PAL .
I-NTSC isekelwe emgqeni we-525 noma we-pixel, amasimu angu-60 / ama-ozimele angu-30 ngomzuzwana, ohlelweni lwe-60Hz lokudlulisa nokubonisa izithombe zevidiyo. Lona uhlelo oluxhunyanisiwe lapho ipulazi ngalinye likhonjiswa emaceleni amabili emigqa engu-262 noma imigqa yamaphikseli aboniswa ngenye indlela. Amasimu amabili ahlangene ukuze uhlaka lwamavidiyo ngalinye luboniswe ngemigqa engu-525 noma imigqa yamaphikseli. I-NTSC ikhethwe njenge-standard analog video standard e-US, Canada, Mexico, izingxenye ezithile zaseCentral naseNingizimu Melika, eJapane, eTaiwan naseKorea.
I-PAL ibhekwe njengefomethi evelele e-World for broadcast televisions kanye ne-analog video display. I-PAL isekelwe emgqeni we-625 noma i-pixel, amasimu angu-50 / ama-25 wesibili, uhlelo lwe-50Hz. Isibonakaliso sihamba phakathi, njenge-NTSC emasimini amabili, enziwe imigqa engu-312 noma imigqa yamaphikseli ngayinye. Njengoba kukhona amafreyimu ambalwa (25) aboniswa ngomzuzwana, ngezinye izikhathi ungabona ukufiphaza okuncane esithombeni, kufana nesibonakaliso esibukwe kwifilimu ekhonjiwe. Kodwa-ke, i-PAL inikeza isithombe esiphezulu sokulungiswa kombala nokuzinza kombala okungcono kune-NTSC. Amazwe anezimpande ohlelweni lwe- PAL afaka i-UK, i-Germany, iSpain, iPortugal, i-Italy, i-China, i-India, i-Australia, iningi le-Afrika ne-Middle East.
Ukuze uthole ulwazi oluthe xaxa kumahlelo wevidiyo we-PAL no-NTSC analogog, okufaka phakathi lokho okushiwo yi-PAL kanye ne-NTSC, qaphela isihloko sethu somngane: Sibutsetelo samazinga wevidiyo womhlaba jikelele .
I-DigitalTV / HDTV ne-NTSC / PAL Frame Rates
Yize ukuthuthukiswa kwekhono lokukhulisa, ukusakazwa kwefomethi yedijithali, kanye namazinga wokuqukethwe kwe-software ephezulu yevidiyo isinyathelo esenzelwe abathengi, uma kuqhathaniswa i-HDTV kumigomo ye-analog ye-NTSC ne-PAL, isisekelo esiyisisekelo esivela kuzo zombili izinhlelo yi-Frame Rate.
Ngokomculo wendabuko wevidiyo, emazweni asekelwe e-NTSC kunamafomu angu-30 ahlukene akhonjiswa njalo wesibili (uhlaka oluphelele olu-1 njalo ku-1/30 lwesibili), ngenkathi emazweni asekelwe e-PAL, kunamafrimu angu-25 ahlukene aboniswa njalo wesibili (1 ifreyimu ephelele iboniswe njalo 1/25 yesibili). Lawa mafolda angaboniswa ngokusebenzisa indlela ye- Interlaced Scan (evezwe yi-480i noma engu-1080i) noma indlela ye-Progressive Scan (evezwe ngu-720p noma i-1080p).
Ngokuqaliswa kwe- Digital TV ne-HDTV , isisekelo sendlela amafolda aboniswa ngayo asuselwe kumathuluzi wevidiyo we-NTSC nama-PAL okuqala. Ngokushesha emazweni ase-NTSC asendulo, i-Digital ne-HDTV isebenzisa uhlelo lwama-Frame-per-wesi-frame lwesi-30, ngenkathi amazwe ase-PAL asheshe aqalise ukusebenza kwe-Frame Frame ngayinye ye-Frame.
I-Digital TV / HDTV Frame Frame esekelwe ku-NTSC
Ukusebenzisa i-NTSC njengesisekelo se-Digital TV noma i-HDTV, uma amafremu adluliselwa njengesithombe esiphakathi (1080i), ifreyimu ngayinye inamakhasi amabili, insimu ngayinye iboniswa njalo nge-60 yesibili, futhi uhlaka oluphelele luboniswe njalo okwesibili, usebenzisa i-frame-per-second frame frame esekelwe ku-NTSC-based 30. Uma ifreyimu idluliselwa kwifomethi yokuskena eqhubekela phambili (720p noma 1080p) iboniswa kabili njalo emashumi amathathu nesithathu. Kuzo zombili izimo, ifreyimu ecacile echazwe ngokucacile iboniswa njalo engama-30 yesibili emazweni asendulo ase-NTSC.
I-Digital TV / HDTV Frame Frame esekelwe nge-PAL
Ukusebenzisa i-PAL njengesisekelo se-Digital TV noma i-HDTV, uma amafremu adluliselwa njengesithombe esiphakathi (1080i), ifreyimu ngalinye lakhiwe ngamasimu amabili, insimu ngayinye iboniswa njalo ngamashumi ama-50 wesibili, futhi uhlaka oluphelele luboniswe wonke ama-25 okwesibili, usebenzisa uhlaka lwe-frame-per-second frame ye-PAL-based. Uma ifreyimu idluliselwa kwifomethi yokuskena okuqhubekayo ( 720p noma 1080p ) iboniswa kabili njalo ngama-25 wesibili. Kuzo zombili izimo, ifreyimu ecacile echazwe ngokucacile iboniswa njalo ngama-25 wesibili kuma-TV kumazwe asendulo ase-PAL.
Ukuze ubuke ngokujulile kwi-Video Frame Rate, kanye neRafa Yokuvuselela, okuwumsebenzi owengeziwe owenziwe i-TV ophazamisa nokuthi isithombe sibheka kanjani esikrinini, hlola isihloko sethu somngane: I- Video Frame Rate ne-Screen Refresh Linganisa .
Okubalulekile
I-TV ye-Digital, i-HDTV ne-Ultra HD, nakuba ihamba phambili ngokuya kulokho okubonayo empeleni ku-TV noma kwesikrini sokubukwa, ikakhulukazi ngokuvumelana nokwandisa isinqumo nemininingwane, isuselwe kumigomo yevidiyo ye-analog engaphezu kweminyaka engu-60 endala. Ngenxa yalokho, zikhona futhi zizoba, ngekusasa elibonakalayo, umehluko kumazinga we-Digital TV nama-HDTV asetshenziswa emhlabeni wonke, okuqinisa isivinini kumazinga wevidiyo weqiniso emhlabeni wonke womsebenzi nomthengi.
Futhi, masingakhohlwa ukuthi naphezu kokuba ukusakazwa kwe-analog NTSC no-PAL TV kunemibandela yezwe ekhulayo njengoba ukuguqulwa kuyaqhubeka ekudluliseni kuphela kwe-digital kanye ne-HDTV, kusekhona ividiyo eminingi ye-NTSC ne-PAL amadivaysi okudlala, njenge-VCR, ama-camogorders analog, nama-DVD abadlali abangekho i-HD asetshenziselwa emhlabeni jikelele ukuthi angene futhi abukwe kuma-HDTVs.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngisho namafomethi, njenge-Blu-ray Disc, kunezimo lapho noma ngabe ifilimu noma okuqukethwe okukhulu kwevidyo kungahle kube ku-HD, ezinye izici zevidiyo ezengeziwe zingase zibe nanoma yisiphi isinqumo esiphezulu se-NTSC noma se-PAL.
Kubalulekile ukuthi nakuba okuqukethwe okungu-4K sekutholakala kabanzi ngokusakazwa kanye ne- Ultra HD Blu-ray Disc , ama-4K ama- broadcast standard asezingeni elisezingeni lokuqala lokuqaliswa, amadivaysi okubonisa ividiyo (ama-TV) ahambisana ne-4K adingekayo ukusekela amafomethi wevidiyo we-analog uma nje kukhona ukuhanjiswa kwevidiyo ye-analog namadivayisi wokudlala asetshenziswa. Futhi, ukuxwayiswa kwe- 8K nokusakaza kungase kungabi kude.
Nakuba usuku luzofika (mhlawumbe maduzane nangemva kwesikhathi), lapho ungase usakwazi khona ukusebenzisa amavidiyo we-analog, njenge-VCRs, ukutholwa kwezinga eliphelele lamavidiyo akukhona okwamanje.