I-CRT, i-Plasma, i-LCD, i-DLP, nokubukezwa kwe-TV ye-OLED
Ukuthenga i-TV kungadideka kakhulu kulezi zinsuku, ikakhulukazi uma uzama ukuhlunga uhlobo luni lobuchwepheshe be-TV oyifunayo noma oludingayo. Awukho i-CRT enamandla (isithombeni sezithombe) kanye namasethi okuqapha amuva aphethe amakamelo okuphila engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu lama-20. Manje njengoba sesiyikhulu leminyaka lama-21, i-TV ehlala isikhathi eside ikulindelwe ngodonga manje ijwayelekile.
Kodwa-ke, kunemibuzo eminingi ehlala njalo mayelana nokuthi ubuchwepheshe obusha bubuchwepheshe busebenza kanjani ekukhiqizeni izithombe. Lokhu kubuka konke kufanele kuveze umehluko phakathi kobuchwepheshe be-TV obudlule nabanje.
I-CRT Technology
Nakuba ungasitholi ama-TV we-CRT amashalofu esitolo, okuningi kulawo masethi asekudala kusekhona emakhaya omthengi. Nansi indlela abasebenza ngayo.
I-CRT imelela i-cathode ray tube, okuyiyona-tube enkulu yokugcoba-yingakho i-CRT TV inkulu kakhulu futhi inzima. Ukuze ubonise izithombe, i-CRT TV isebenzisa ibhotela le-electron elihlola imigqa ye-phosphors ebusweni bhubhu kumgqa ohambisana nomugqa ukuze kuvezwe isithombe. Insika ye-electron ivela entanyeni yesikhumulo sezithombe. I-boram iphikisiwe ngokuqhubekayo kangangokuthi ihamba emigqeni ye-phosphors ekuhambeni kwesobunxele kuya kwesokudla, ihamba phansi emgqeni olandelayo odingekayo. Lesi senzo senziwa ngokushesha kangangokuba umbukeli uyakwazi ukubona ukuthi yini ebonakala sengathi iyimifanekiso ehambayo ephelele.
Kuye ngohlobo lwesignali yevidiyo engenayo, imigqa ye-phosphor ingahle iskenwe ngenye indlela, ebizwa ngokuthi ukuskena okuphakathi, noma okulandelanayo, okubhekwa njengokuskena okuqhubekayo .
I-DLP Technology
Olunye ubuchwepheshe, olusetshenziselwa amathelevishini anqamulelayo, luyi-DLP (ukucubungula ukukhanya kwe-digital), okwakhiwa, okuthuthukisiwe, nelayisense yi-Texas Instruments. Nakuba engasatholakali ukuthengiswa kwifomu ye-TV kusukela ngasekupheleni kuka-2012, ubuchwepheshe be-DLP buyaphila nakakhulu kumavidiyo weprojekthi . Noma kunjalo, amanye amasethi we-DLP TV asetshenziselwa emakhaya.
Isihluthulelo sobuchwepheshe be-DLP yi-DMD (idivaysi ye-digital micro-mirror), i-chip eyenziwe ngezibuko ezincane ezingaguquki. Izibuko nazo zibizwa ngokuthi ngamaphikseli (izakhi zesithombe) . Wonke ama-pixel ku-chip DMD yisibuko esibonakalisa kakhulu kangangokuthi izigidi zazo zingafakwa ku-chip.
Isithombe sevidiyo siboniswa ku-chip DMD. I-micromirror ku-chip (khumbula, i-micromirror ngayinye imelela i-pixel eyodwa) bese ihamba ngokusheshisa njengoba isithombe sishintsha.
Le nqubo ikhiqiza isisekelo se-grey-scale for the image. Umbala wanezelwa njengoba ukukhanya kudlulela ngesondo lesigidi esiphezulu futhi kuboniswa ama-micromirror ku-chip ye-DLP njengoba ihambela phambili noma ikude nomthombo wokukhanya. I-degree of inclination ye micromirror ngayinye ehambisana nesondo elimibalabala elimibalazayo lichaza isakhiwo sombala wesithombe esicacisiwe. Njengoba iphuma emacromirror, ukukhanya okukhulisiwe kuthunyelwe nge-lens, kuboniswa isibuko esikhulu esisodwa, futhi kulesi sikrini.
I-Plasma Technology
Ama-TV e-Plasma, ama-TV okuqala abe nefomu elincane, elisezingeni eliphansi, elisezingeni eliphezulu "elise-hang-on-wall", asetshenziswe kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-2000, kodwa ngasekupheleni kuka-2014, abenzi be-TV abasebenzisa i-plasma asele (Panasonic, Samsung, ne-LG ) ayeke ukukhiqiza ukusetshenziswa komthengi. Noma kunjalo, eziningi zisasetshenziswa, futhi usengakwazi ukuthola okulungiswa kabusha, okusetshenzisiwe, noma okuvuliwe.
I-TV yama-plasma isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuthakazelisayo. Ngokufana ne-CRT TV, i-TV yama-plasma iveza izithombe ngokukhanyisa i-phosphors. Kodwa-ke, i-phosphors ayibhalwa nge-electron beam. Esikhundleni salokho, i-phosphors kuyi-TV ye-plasma ibukeka ngegesi eligcwele kakhulu, elifana nokukhanya kwe-fluorescent. Zonke izitho zithombe ze-phosphor (amaphikseli) zingafakwa ngesikhathi esisodwa, kunokuba zihlolwe ngodonga lwe-electron, njengoba kunjalo ne-CRTs. Kanti futhi, njengoba i-electron beam isithwebuli engadingeki, isidingo se-tubky picture tube (CRT) siqedwa, okwenza kube nephrofayili encane yekhabhinethi.
Ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe mayelana nobuchwepheshe be-TV ye-plasma, hlola umhlahlandlela womngane wakho .
I-LCD Technology
Ukuthatha enye indlela, ama-TV e-LCD nawo anephrofayili encane yeKhabhinethi efana ne-TV ye-plasma. Futhi yihlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-TV olutholakalayo. Kodwa-ke, esikhundleni sokukhanyisa i-phosphors, amaphikseli avuliwe noma abuyele ekunciphiseni okuthile okuvuselela.
Ngamanye amazwi, wonke umfanekiso uboniswa (noma uvuseleleke) njalo ngama-24, 30, 60, noma i-120 yesibili. Empeleni, nge-LCD ungakwazi ukuvuselela amazinga angama-24, 25, 30, 50, 60, 72, 100, 120, 240, noma 480 (kuze kube manje). Noma kunjalo, izinga lokuvuselela okusetshenziselwa kakhulu kuma-TV e-LCD liyi-60 noma i-120. Gcina engqondweni ukuthi izinga lokuvuselela alifani nesilinganiso sohlaka .
Kumele futhi kuqaphele ukuthi amaphikseli e-LCD awavezi ukukhanya kwawo. Ukuze i-LCD TV ibonise isithombe esibonakalayo, amaphikseli e-LCD kufanele 'abuyele emuva.' I-backlight, ezimweni eziningi, ihlala njalo. Kule nqubo, amaphikseli avulwa ngokushesha futhi avaliwe kuye ngezidingo zesithombe. Uma ama-pixel avuliwe, abakuvumeli ukubuyela emuva, futhi uma bekhona, i-backlight ifika.
I-backlight system ye-LCD TV ingaba i-CCFL noma i-HCL (i-fluorescent) noma i-LED. Igama elithi "I-TV ye-LED" libhekisela kwisistimu ye-backlight esetshenzisiwe. Wonke ama-TV we-LED empeleni ama-TV e-LCD .
Kukhona nobuchwepheshe obusetshenziselwa ngokubambisana ne-backlight, njenge-dimming global kanye ne-dimming yendawo. Lawabuchwepheshe obunciphisa amandla abusebenzisa uhlelo olugcwele olusekelwe ku-LED noma oluphezu kwesistimu yokubuyiselwa emuva.
Ukwehla komhlaba wonke kungashintsha inani lokubuyiselwa emuva okushaya wonke ama-pixel ezinkundleni ezimnyama noma ezikhanyayo, kuyilapho ukwehlisa kwendawo kuklanyelwe ukushaya amaqembu athile wamaphikseli kuye ngokuthi yiziphi izindawo zesithombe okudingeka zibe mnyama noma zilula ngaphezu kwesithombe sonke.
Ngaphandle kokubuyiselwa emuva nokudonswa, elinye ubuchwepheshe lusetshenziswa kuma-TV e-LCD akhethiwe ukuthuthukisa umbala: ama- quantum amachashazi . Lezi zi-nanoparticles "ezikhulile" ezizwela imibala ethile. Amachashazi we-Quantum angabekwa eceleni kwezingqimba ze-LCD TV noma kulayini lwefilimu phakathi kwe-backlight namaphikseli e-LCD. I-Samsung ibhekisela kuma-TV azo amancane anamadivayisi njengama-TV e-QLED: Q ngamachashazi we-quantum, ne-LED ye-backlight-LED kodwa akukho okukhomba i-TV njenge-TV yangempela ye-LCD, okuyiyo.
Ukuze uthole ama-TV amaningi e-LCD, okufaka ukuthenga iziphakamiso, bheka futhi umhlahlandlela wethu kuma-TV e-LCD .
I-OLED Technology
I-OLED yi-technology entsha ye-TV etholakalayo kubathengi. Isetshenziswe kumakhalekhukhwini, amaphilisi, nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezincane zesikrini okwesikhashana, kodwa kusukela ngo-2013 kusetshenziswe ngempumelelo kuzicelo ezinkulu ze-TV zabathengi besikrini esikhulu.
I-OLED imelela i-diode ekukhanyeni okukhanyayo. Ukuze uhlale ulula, isikrini senziwe ngamaphikseli, okuyizinto ezisekelwe ngokomzimba (cha, azikho ngempela eziphilayo). I-OLED inezinye zezici zombili ze-LCD nama-plasma TV.
Yikuphi i-OLED efana ne-LCD ukuthi i-OLED ingafakwa emigqeni encane kakhulu, ivumela ukuklanywa kwefomethi ye-TV encane nokusetshenziswa kwamandla okusebenza ngamandla. Noma kunjalo, njenge-LCD, ama-TV e-OLED ancike ekutheni amaphutha we-pixel afile.
Yikuphi i-OLED efana ne-plasma ukuthi ama-pixel azinikela ngokuzenzakalelayo (akukho ukukhanya okukhanyayo, ukukhanya okukhawulekayo, noma ukuguqulwa kwendawo okudingekayo), amazinga omnyama ajulile angakhiqizwa (eqinisweni, i-OLED ingaveza umnyama omnyama), i-OLED inikeza i-angle yokubuka engabonakali ngokubanzi, ngokuqhathanisa kahle ngokuphendula kwe-smooth motion. Nokho, njenge-plasma, i-OLED ingaphansi kokushisa.
Futhi, izinkomba zithi izikrini ze-OLED zinempilo emfushane kuneLCD noma i-plasma, ikakhulukazi engxenyeni eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka sombala wombala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindleko zokukhiqizwa kwamaphaneli e-OLED zamanje zamasayizi amakhulu-skrini adingekayo kuma-TV ziphakeme kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nazo zonke ezinye ubuchwepheshe be-TV ekhona.
Kodwa-ke, ngokuhamba kokubili izinto ezithandekayo nezisulu, i-OLED ibhekwa ngabaningi ukubonisa izithombe ezinhle kakhulu ezibonwe kuze kube manje kubuchwepheshe be-TV. Futhi, isici esisodwa esivelele esikhombini sobuchwepheshe be-TV ye-OLED ukuthi amapaneli ancane kakhulu kangangokuthi angakwazi ukuguquguquka, okwenza kube nokukhiqizwa kwe -TV yesikrini esinekrini . (Amanye ama-TV e-LCD ayenziwe nezikrini ezibaziweyo.)
Ubuchwepheshe be-OLED bungasetshenziswa ngezindlela eziningana ze-TV. Noma kunjalo, inqubo eyenziwa yi-LG iyona evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu. Inqubo ye-LG ibizwa ngokuthi yi-WRGB. I-WRGB ihlanganisa ama-subpixel amhlophe e-OLED amhlophe awakhipha ngokuhlunga okubomvu, okwesibhakabhaka, nokuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Indlela ye-LG kuhloswe ukunciphisa umphumela wokuchithwa kombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka ongakabonakali obonakala sengathi uvele ngamaphikseli we-OLED obala okwesibhakabhaka.
Ukubukwa kwe-Fixed-Pixel
Naphezu kokungafani phakathi kwe-plasma, i-LCD, i-DLP, ne-OLED yocingo, bonke bahlanganyela into eyodwa ngokufanayo.
Ama-Plasma, i-LCD, i-DLP, nama-TV e-OLED anenani eliphelele lamaphikseli weskrini; ngakho-ke, yizibonakaliso "eziphambili ze-pixel". Izimpawu zokufaka ezinamaphakamiso aphezulu kufanele zilandelwe ukulingana nokubala kwensimu ye-pixel ye-plasma, i-LCD, i-DLP, noma i-OLED. Isibonelo, isibonakaliso esivamile sokusakazwa kwe-HDTV esingu- 1080i sidinga ukuboniswa komdabu wama-pixels angu-1920x1080 ngokubonisa okukodwa kokukodwa kwesithombe se-HDTV.
Noma kunjalo, kusukela amathelevishini e-plasma, i-LCD, i-DLP, ne-OLED angabonisa kuphela izithombe ezithuthukayo, izimpawu ezingu-1080i zomsakazo zihlala zikhishwa ku-1080p ukuze ziboniswe ku-TV ye-1080p, noma zikhishwe ngaphakathi ku-768p, 720p, noma 480p, kuye ngokuthi ukulungiswa kwephikseli yomdabu ye-TV ethize. Ngokuqinisekile, akukho into enjenge-LCD 1080i, i-plasma, i-DLP, noma i-OLED TV.
Okubalulekile
Uma kuziwa ekubeka isithombe esithintayo esikrinini se-TV, kuhileleke ubuchwepheshe obuningi, futhi ubuchwepheshe obunye obusetshenziswe esikhathini esidlule futhi bukhona buba nezinzuzo nezinsalela. Noma kunjalo, ukuzama ukulokhu kuyenzeka ukwenza lo buchwepheshe bube "engabonakali" kumbukeli. Nakuba ufuna ukujwayelana nezisekelo eziyisisekelo zobuchwepheshe, kanye nazo zonke ezinye izici oyifunayo nokuthi yini ezofanelana ekamelweni lakho , umgomo wukuthi ngabe yini oyibonayo esibukweni ibonakala inhle kuwe nokuthi yini oyodinga ukwenza lokho kwenzeka.