Ukuhlunga isimo sokusakazwa kwe-TV ye-Digital
Ukuqaliswa kokusakazwa kwe-DTV ne-HDTV nge-DTV Transition eyenziwa ngokusemthethweni ngo-Juni 12, 2009, kwaba umcimbi omkhulu womlando, njengoba kwashintsha indlela okuqukethwe kwe-TV okwenziwe ngayo ngabathengi base-US Nokho, kukhona ukudideka ngokuthi lokho okushiwo yi-DTV ne-HDTV.
Ukusakazwa kwe-HDTV yonke kuyi-digital, kodwa akuyona yonke ukusakazwa kwe-TV ye-Digital kuyi-HDTV. Ngamanye amazwi, i-bandwidth efanayo eyabelwe ukuhanjiswa kwe-TV yedijithali ingasetshenziswa ukunikeza isignali yevidiyo (noma eziningana) nezinye izinsizakalo, noma ingasetshenziswa ukudlulisela isignali eyodwa ye-HDTV.
Nakuba kunezici ezingu-18 zokuxazulula izixazululo ezitholakalayo ezitholakalayo zokusakazwa kwe-TV yedijithali, evunyelwe iKomidi le- Advanced Standards Television (ATSC) , futhi wonke ama-tuner we-Digital TV kudingeka adalule zonke izakhiwo ezingu-18, ukusetshenziswa okusebenzayo kokusakazwa kwe-DTV kuye kwezingu-3 ukuxazulula amafomethi: 480p, 720p, no-1080i.
480p
Uma unesidingo sokudlala i-DVD ne-TV , uyazazi nge-480p (imigqa engu-480 yesinqumo, ishintshwe kancane kancane). I-480p ifana nesinqumo esifanayo sohlelo lwe-analog esakazwa yi-TV kepha isakazwa nge-digitally (DTV). Kubizwa ngokuthi yi-SDTV (Standard Definition Television), kodwa isithombe sithathwa kancane kancane, kunokuba kube kwezinye izinkambu ezifana nokudluliswa kwe-TV ye-analog.
I-480p inikeza isithombe esihle (ikakhulukazi ezincane ezincane ezingu-19-29 "izikrini). Kufana nakakhulu nefilimu-kufana nekhebula elijwayelekile noma ukukhishwa kwe-DVD evamile, kodwa linikeza kuphela isigamu sekhwalithi yevidiyo engenakho yesithombe se-HDTV, ngakho-ke ukusebenza kwayo ilahlekile kumasethingi esikrini amakhulu (isibonelo, amaTV anezibuko zesikrini ngamasentimitha angu-32 nangaphezulu).
Noma kunjalo, nakuba i-480p iyingxenye yesimiso sokusakaza se-DTV esamukelekile, akuyona i-HDTV. Le nqubo ifakiwe njengenye yezindinganiso zokusakaza ze- DTV ukunikeza abasakazo ithuba lokunikeza iziteshi eziningi zokuhlela ku-bandwidth efanayo njengesignali eyodwa ye-HDTV. Ngamanye amazwi, i-480p ingaphezulu kwalokho ongayibona esithombeni se-analog TV, ngokunyuka okuncane kwekhwalithi yesithombe.
720p
I-720p (imigqa engu-720 yesinqumo ishintshwe kancane kancane) iyifomethi ye-digital yedijithali, kodwa ibuye ibhekwe njengenye yefomethi ye-HDTV yokusakaza.
Njengalokhu, i-ABC ne-FOX zisebenzisa i-720p njengesilinganiso sabo sokusakazwa kwe-HDTV. Akukhona kuphela ukuthi i-720p inikezela isithombe esisebushelelezi, esifana nefilimu ngenxa yokuqaliswa kwayo kwe-scan, kodwa imininingwane yesithombe okungenani i-30% ibukhali kune-480p. Ngenxa yalokho, i-720p inikeza ukuthuthukiswa kwesithombe esamukelekayo esiyabonakala kuzo zonke izikrini zesayizi (32 "- 39") eziphakathi (medium size) nezikrini ezinkulu. Futhi, noma ngabe i-720p ibhekwa njenge-high-definition, ithatha indawo engaphansi kwe- bandwidth engaphezu kuka-1080i , ehlanganiswe ngokulandelayo.
1080i
I-1080i (imigqa engu-1,080 yokuxazulula iskena ezinkampanini ezithize ezinemizila engu-540 ngayinye) ifomethi ejwayelekile kakhulu ye-HDTV esetshenziselwa ukusakazwa kwe-TV ngaphezulu. Le fomethi yamukelwa yi-PBS, i-NBC, i-CBS, ne-CW (kanye nabahleli be-satellite HDNet, TNT, i-Showtime, i-HBO, nezinye izinsizakalo zokukhokha) njengezinga eliphezulu lokusakaza kwe-HDTV. Nakuba kusekhona impikiswano yokuthi ngabe kungcono kangakanani kune-720p ekuboneni okubonakalayo kombukeli, ngokuyisisekelo, i-1080i inikeza isithombe esiphezulu kakhulu kuzo zonke izindinganiso ezingu-18 ezivunyelwe ze-DTV zokusakaza. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umthelela obonakalayo we-1080i ulahlekile kumasethingi esikrini amancane (ngezansi kwe-32 ").
Noma kunjalo, ukushiyeka okungu-1080i yilokhu:
- I-1080i ithatha i-bandwidth kakhulu yazo zonke izinhlobo ze-DTV zokusakaza.
- I-1080i isignali e-interlaced, okusho ukuthi isithombe esibonisiwe sakhiwe imigqa noma imigqa ye-pixel ekhonjiswa / iboniswa ngenye indlela kunokuba iqhubeke kancane kancane njengo-480p no-720p.
- I-1080i ayikwazi ukuboniswa kwifomu layo langokwemvelo ku- LCD, OLED, Plasma, noma i-DLP TV . Ukuze ubonise izithombe ezithunyelwe ngo-1080i, lezo zinhlobo zamasethingi zidinga ukuguqula isignali engu-1080i ku- 720p noma ku- 1080p ukuze ubonise isithombe kusikrini se-TV.
Ngamanye amazwi, uma une-LCD noma i-OLED TV, (noma usenayo i-Plasma noma i-DLP TV) izosula isignali engu-1080i futhi ibonise njengesithombe se-1080p . Le nqubo, uma yenza kahle, isusa noma yimaphi imigqa yokuskena ebonakalayo ibe nesithombe esivela phakathi kwe-1080i, okuholela emaphethelweni ahlelekile kakhulu. Ngomfanekiso ofanayo, uma une-HDTV ye-720p, i-TV yakho izosula futhi ihlehlise isithombe esingu-1080i ku-720p ukuze sibonise isikrini.
Kuthiwani ngo-1080p?
Nakuba i- 1080p isetshenziselwa i-Blu-ray, i-Cable, nokusakaza kwe-inthanethi, ayisetshenziselwa ukusakazwa kwe-TV ngaphezulu. Isizathu salokhu ukuthi uma ama-standard ye-Digital TV yokusakaza avunyelwe, i-1080p ayiyona ingxenye ye-equation. Njengababambi be-TV abangekho abadlulisela isignali ye-TV ku-1080p isinqumo.
Okuzayo Okuzayo - 4K no-8K
Nakuba ukusakazwa kwe-DTV kuyinhlangano yamanje, ungaphumuli okwamanje, njengoba kuzungezwe izindinganiso ezilandelayo kulindeleke ukuthi kufake isinqumo esingu-4K , futhi, ngokuqhubeka nomgwaqo, 8K .
Okokuqala, kwakucatshangwa ukuthi kusakazwa isinqumo se-4K no-8K emoyeni angeke kwenzeke ngenxa yezidingo ezinkulu zomkhawulokudonsa. Kodwa-ke, kukhona ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo okuye kwaholela ekghoneni ukuvumelanisa lonke ulwazi olwandisiwe ngaphakathi kwengqalasizinda yokusakaza ngokomzimba usebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusanda kuqhathaniswa nobuchwepheshe bokucindezela ividiyo obugcina umphumela wekhwalithi odingekayo ekupheleni kokubukwa kwe-TV. Ngenxa yalokho, kunomzamo omkhulu wokuqalisa isinqumo esingu-4K ku-TV ukusakaza ngokusebenzisa ukuqaliswa kwe- ATSC 3.0 .
Njengoba iziteshi ze-TV zenza imishini edingekayo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokudlulisa, futhi abenzi be-TV baqala ukufaka amathrekhi e-ATSC kumaTV kanye namabhulogi we-plug-in set-top, abathengi bazokwazi ukufinyelela ukuthunyelwa kwe-TV ye-4K, kodwa, ngokungafani nosuku olunzima oludingekayo ekushintsheni kusuka ku-analog kuya kokusakazwa kwe-digital / HDTV, ukushintshela ku-4K kuzophuza futhi okwamanje kuyakuzithandela.
Ukuqaliswa kokusakazwa kwe-TV ku-4K ngokuqinisekile kulandela ezinye izindlela zokufinyelela okuqukethwe okungu-4K, njengokungena ngezinsiza ze-intanethi, kufaka phakathi i- Netflix ne- Vudu , kanye nefomethi ye-Ultra HD Blu-ray ye-CD . Futhi, i- DirecTV iphinde inikeze iziphakeli ze-satellite ezingu-4K ezinganiselwe .
Phakathi naleso sikhathi, nakuba umzamo omkhulu ukuletha ukusakaza kwe-4K ku-TV, iJapane iphinde iqhubekele phambili ngefomethi yayo ye-8K Super Hi-Vision TV Broadcasting equkethe umsindo we-22.2 wesiteshi. I-Super Hi-Vision ibilokhu ihlolwe iminyaka engaphezu kweyishumi futhi ilindeleke ukuba ilungele ngokugcwele ukusetshenziswa kokubanzi ngo-2020, ilinde ukuvunyelwa kwamazinga wokugcina.
Kodwa-ke, uma ukusakazwa kwe-TV ka-8K kuyotholakala ngokubanzi ukuqagela kwanoma ubani, njengoba ngo-2020, ukusakazwa kwe-TV ye-4K ngeke kusetshenziswe ngokugcwele - okwenza enye iyanqamule ku-8K cishe kuyoba enye iminyaka eyishumi, ikakhulukazi uma kucabangela ukuthi abenzi be-TV bayindawo 's wenze ama-TV angu-8K noma okuqukethwe okutholakala kubathengi okwamanje - ngisho nangama-2020, amathelevishini anjalo azoba encane kwinombolo. Yiqiniso, kudinga okuqukethwe okungu-8K okubukela - abashayeli be-TV badinga ukwenza enye imali enkulu yokutshala izimpahla.