Ukuqonda Ukukhangiswa Nama-Capacities Okugcina YeDrayivu
Ngesinye isikhathi, abasebenzisi abaningi bahlangabezane nesimo lapho amandla okushayela noma i-disk ayinkulu njengoba adlulisiwe. Izikhathi eziningi, lokhu kuvuvukala kabi kumthengi. Lesi sihloko sihlola ukuthi abakhiqizi balinganisa kanjani amandla okugcina amadivayisi njengamashayela asebenzayo , ama- drive aqinile , amaDVD nama-Blu-ray disks uma kuqhathaniswa nosayizi wabo wangempela.
Ama-bits, ama-Bytes, nama-Prefixes
Yonke idatha yekhompyutha igcinwa kwifomathi kanambambili njengokungathi iyodwa noma i-zero. Okuyisishiyagalombili kulezi zinhlamvu ndawonye zenza lokho okuvame ukubhekwa kulokho ku-computing, i-byte. Amanani ahlukahlukene wokugcina isitoreji achazwa yisiqalo esimele inani elithile, elifana ne-prefixes yametric. Njengoba wonke amakhompiyutha asekelwe ezimatheni ezingenambambili, lezi zibikezelo zimele amanani ase-2. Izinga ngalinye liyi-increment yamandla amabili kuya ku-1,024. Ama-prefixes ajwayelekile afana nalokhu:
- I-Kilobyte (KB) = 1,024 bytes
- I-Megabyte (MB) = 1,024 kilobytes noma ama-bytes angu-1,048,576
- IGigabyte (GB) = 1,024 ama-megabyte noma ama-bytes angu-1,073,741,824
- I-Terabyte (i-TB) = ama-gigabyte angu-1,024 noma ama-byte angu-1,099,511,627,776
Lolwazi olubalulekile ngoba uma uhlelo lwekhompiyutha noma uhlelo lubika isikhala esitholakalayo kudrayivu, lizobika inani eliphelele lama-atte atholakalayo noma libheke ngenye yezingqikithi. Ngakho-ke, i-OS ebika isikhala esiphelele se-70.4 GB empeleni sinendawo engaba ngu-75,591,424,409 yesikhala sokugcina.
Ikhangisiwe ngokuyiqiniso
Njengoba abathengi bengacabangi ngezibalo ezimbili zesisekelo, abakhiqizi banquma ukulinganisa amandla amaningi okushayela ngokusekelwe ezinamba ezijwayelekile eziyishumi esaziwa ngazo zonke. Ngakho-ke, i-gigabyte eyodwa ilingana ngamabhilidi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane, kanti enye i-terabyte ilingana ne-trillion bytes. Lokhu ukulinganisa kwakungeyona inkinga enkulu emuva uma sisisebenzisa i-kilobyte, kodwa izinga ngalinye lokunyuka kwesiqalo senza futhi ukukhuphuka okuphelele kwesikhala kuqhathaniswa nesithuba esikhangisiwe.
Nansi inkomba esheshayo yokubonisa inani ukuthi amanani angempela ahluke uma kuqhathaniswa nokukhangiswa kwenani ngalinye elibhekiswe ngokujwayelekile:
- I-Megabyte umehluko = 48,576 bytes
- I-Gigabyte umehluko = 73,741.824 bytes
- Umehluko we-Terabyte = 99,511.627,776 bytes
Ngokusekelwe kulokhu, i-gigabyte ngayinye eyenziwa ngumkhiqizi wedrayivu, ibika ngokuphindaphindiwe inani le-disk isikhala ngo-73,741,824 bytes noma cishe 70.3 MB yesikhala sediski. Ngakho-ke, uma umkhiqizi ekhangisa i-hard drive engu-80 GB (80 billion bytes), isikhala sediski sangempela siphezulu kwesikhala esingu-74.5 GB, cishe amaphesenti angu-7 angaphansi kwezinto ezikhangisiwe.
Lokhu akulona iqiniso kuwo wonke amashayela nokugcina isitoreji emakethe. Yilapho abathengi kufanele baqaphe khona. Izinkomba eziningi ezinzima zibikwa ngokususelwa kumanani adlulisiwe lapho i-gigabyte ingamabhiliyoni ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iningi lokugcina isitoreji semidiya lisekelwe kwimali yememori yangempela. Ngakho-ke imemori khadi ye-512 MB inesilinganiso esingu-512 MB senamba yedatha. Imboni ibilokhu ishintsha kulokhu futhi. Isibonelo, i- SSD ingahle ifakwe njengesibonelo sama-256 GB kepha ibe ne-240 GB kuphela yesikhala. Abenzi be-SSD babeka eceleni ikamelo elingeziwe lamaseli afile kanye ne-binary vs. vs. decimal.
Ifomethiwe ngokungahambisani nayo
Ukuze noma yiluphi uhlobo lwedivaysi yokugcina lusetshenziswe, kuzomele kube neminye indlela ikhompuyutha yokwazi ukuthi yiziphi izingcezu ezigcinwe kukho ezihlobene namafayela athile. Yilapho ukufometha kwedrayivu kungena khona. Izinhlobo zamafomethi okushayela ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi ikhomputha kodwa ezinye zazo ezivame kakhulu ziyi-FAT16, FAT32 ne-NTFS. Esikhathini ngasinye salezi zinhlelo zokufometha, ingxenye yesikhala sokugcina isabelwe ukuze idatha ku-drive ingakhonjwa ukuze ikwazi ukusebenzisa ikhompyutha noma enye idivayisi ukuthi ifunde kahle futhi ibhale idatha ku-drive.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma idokhumenti efomathiwe, isikhala sokusebenza esitoreji se-drive sincane kunamandla awo angafundiwe. Isamba lapho isikhala sinciphile kuyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lokufometha elisetshenziselwa ukushayela kanye nenani nobukhulu bamafayela ahlukahlukene ohlelweni. Njengoba kuhluka, akunakwenzeka ukuba abakhiqizi bacaphune usayizi ofomethiwe. Le nkinga ihlangatshezwa kaningi ngesitoreji sezindaba se-flash kunezinkinobho ezinzima zamandla ezinzima.
Funda ama-Specs
Kubalulekile uma uthenga i-computer, i-hard drive noma imemori ye-flash ukuze ukwazi ukufunda kahle lokho okushiwo. Abakhiqizi abanobuciko banamagama angaphantsi ekuchazeni kwedivayisi ukukhombisa ukuthi kulinganiswa kanjani. Lokhu kungasiza umthengi enze isinqumo esinolwazi.