Uma ngabe uke wazama ukuzama isandla sakho ekuthuthukiseni izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-iPhone ne-iPad, manje yisikhathi esihle kakhulu sokuqala. Akuyona nje ukulibaziseka okukubeka ngemuva kokuncintisana emakethe futhi wenze uphawu lwakho, kunamathuluzi amaningi namasevisi amakhulu ukukusiza ukuba usheshe ukusheshisa.
Into engcono kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni izinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula ukuthi umuntu noma i-pair of developers angakwazi kanjani ukuncintisana ngezinyawo ezilinganiselayo nezitolo ezinkulu zokuthuthukisa. Ngenkathi ungase uthole usizo oluningi kusuka ku-Apple kulezi zinsuku, ne-best estate e-App Store ngokuvamile iya kuma-studios amakhulu, ukuthengiswa kohlelo lokusebenza kuqhutshwa okuningi ngezwi lomlomo nezibuyekezo ezinhle ku-App Store, ngakho-ke noma ubani onayo umqondo omuhle ungaphumelela ukuthengisa uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza.
Ngakho uqala kanjani ukuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-iPhone ne-iPad?
Okokuqala, Zama It Out
Isinyathelo sokuqala ukudlala nxazonke ngamathuluzi okuthuthukisa. Ipulatifomu esemthethweni ye-Apple ibizwa ngokuthi i-Xcode futhi ilayishwa mahhala. Ngeke ukwazi ukubeka izinhlelo zakho zokusebenza ngaphandle kwelayisense yonjiniyela, kodwa ungadlala eduze nemvelo bese uthola ukuthi kungathatha isikhathi esingakanani ukufika ngesivinini. I-Apple yazisa ulimi lwezinhlelo ze-Swift njengengxenye ye-Objective-C, okwakunezinye izikhathi ezibuhlungu ukuzisebenzisa ekuthuthukiseni. Njengoba igama lisho, i-Swift iyisiteji esheshayo. Lokhu akukhona nje ngejubane lokusebenza noma. I-Swift kungenzeka ingasetshenziswanga ukuthuthukiswa kwesicelo ngokushesha, kodwa kuyashesha ukuhlela ukusebenzisa i-Swift kune-Objective-C endala.
Qaphela: Uzodinga i-Mac ukuthuthukisa izinhlelo ze-iOS, kodwa akudingeki ukuba yi-Mac enamandla kunayo yonke emhlabeni. I-Mac Mini ayanele ngokwakhiwa kwe-iPhone ne-iPad.
Hlola Amathuluzi Okuthuthukiswa KwamaThathu
Kuthiwani uma ungakaze uhlele ku-'C '? Noma mhlawumbe ufuna ukuthuthukisa kokubili iOS ne-Android? Noma mhlawumbe ufuna i-platform eyenzelwe ukwakha imidlalo? Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezindlela ezinhle ze-Xcode ezitholakalayo.
Kuhle ngaso sonke isikhathi ukunamathela kwipulatifomu yomdabu. Uma uthayipha izinhlelo ze-iOS usebenzisa i-Xcode, uhlale uthola izici zakamuva zesistimu yokusebenza. Kodwa uma uhlela ekukhululeni uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza ngamapulatifomu amaningi, ukuyikhokha ngamunye kuzodla isikhathi esiningi nezinsiza.
- Ubumbano. Ubunye yi-injini ye-3D ihluzo ehlanganisa injini ye-physics. It is ngokuyinhloko esetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa imidlalo 3D, nakuba kamuva nje wanezela 2D ukwesekwa. Ubumbano bungasetshenziselwa iOS, Android, Windows, BlackBerry, OS X, Linux, Playstation 3, Xbox 360 nokuthuthukiswa kwe-Wii U. Lokhu kwenza kube kuhle uma uhlela ukukhulula umdlalo kumapulatifomu amaningi, kodwa ngenkathi unamathuluzi okukusiza ukwakha umdlalo wakho, akuyona nje ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo njengamanye omncintiswano.
- I-Corona SDK. I-SDE ye-Corona isebenzisa i-LUA njengelulwimi lokuthuthukiswa bese ihlanganisa kabusha i-Objective-C. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi i-LUA iyashesha ukubhala, izinhlelo zokusebenza zingakhiwa ngokushesha kakhulu usebenzisa i-Corona SDK. I-Corona igxile kwizithombe ze-2D futhi ihlanganisa injini yayo ye-physics. Ungase futhi uqoqe kokubili iOS ne-Android kusuka kuqoqo elilodwa lekhodi. I-Corona iphinde isekele ukwakha izinhlelo zokusebenza zeWindows ne-Mac OS, kodwa ayisekeli izintandokazi njenge-PlayStation 4 noma i-XBOX ONE. I-Corona ikhethe kakhulu imidlalo ye-2D nemidlalo engavamile.
- I-Adobe Air. Labo abanesizinda ku-Flash bazoba nesithakazelo ku-Adobe Air, esebenzisa inhlanganisela ye-ActionScript, i-HTML, i-CSS ne-Javascript ukwakha izinhlelo zokusebenza. I-Adobe AIR ivumela ukuthunyelwa ku-iOS, Android, ne-BlackBerry.
- I-Marmalade. Eyayibizwa ngokuthi i-Airplay SDK, uMarmalade uthatha ifilosofi yokubhala-once-run-noma kuphi phambili ngokusekela izilimi eziningi. Ngokuyinhloko, i-Marmalade isekela i-C, kepha ukuhluka okubili kuhlinzeka ibhuloho e-SDK esisekelo: i-Marmalade Quick, esebenzisa i-LUA, ne-Marmalade Web, esebenzisa i-HTML 5, i-Javascript ne-CSS 3. I-Marmalade isetshenziswa kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni imidlalo ye-2D ne-3D.
- I-PhoneGap. Abathuthukisi bewebhu bazoba nesithakazelo ku-PhoneGap, esebenzisa i-JavaScript, i-HTML 5 ne-CSS3 ukudala izinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu ngokubukeka nokuzizwa kweselula. I-PhoneGap nayo ingakha izinhlelo zokusebenza zangokwezilwane ngokufaka ikhodi ku-intanethi into engaphakathi kwesikhulumi. Ingasetshenziselwa iOS, Android, webOS, Symbian, Blackberry, Ubuntu Touch, i-Windows Phone ne-Windows 8 yentuthuko.
Futhi lolu hlu aluphelelanga neze. Kukhona ngisho namapulatifomu okuthuthukiswa afana ne-GameSalad okuvumela ukuba wakhe izinhlelo zokusebenza ngaphandle kokubhala ikhodi nhlobo. Ukuze uthole uhlu olugcwele lwamapulatifomu okuthuthukiswa kweselula, ungabheka uhlu lwe-Wikipedia.
Hlela i-Idea yakho futhi ulungise iOS i-Practices Best.
Kungumqondo omuhle ukulanda izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifanayo kusuka esitolo sohlelo lokusebenza ukuze uthole umqondo wokuthi lo mncintiswano uphathe kanjani uhlelo lokusebenza, ukulalelisisa kokubili okusebenzayo (ungalungisi okungahle kuphulwe) nokuthi yini engasebenzi. Uma ungakwazi ukuthola umdlalo oqondile wohlelo lwakho lokusebenza, landa okufanayo.
Kumele futhi uphume ipensela kanye nephepha elithile. Ukuthuthukisa isikhombimsebenzisi esibonakalayo somsebenzisi (i-GUI) ye-iPhone ne-iPad ihlukile kunezokuthuthukisa i-PC noma iwebhu. Uzodinga ukucabangela isikhala esikrinini esikrinini, ukungabi khona kwegundane kanye nekhibhodi engokwenyama kanye nokuba khona kwesikrini sokuthinta. Kungaba umqondo omuhle ukudweba ezinye zezikrini zakho nezakhiwo i-GUI ephepheni ukuze ubone ukuthi uhlelo lokusebenza lungasebenza kanjani. Lokhu kungasiza futhi ekuhlukaniseni uhlelo lokusebenza, okukusiza ukuthi uluphule phansi ukugeleza okunengqondo ekuthuthukisweni.
Ungaqalisa ku-GUI ngokubuyekeza i-iOS Human Interface Guidelines ku-developer.apple.com.
Uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Apple & # 39; s Developer
Njengoba manje unomqondo ohlanzekile futhi wazi indlela yakho ezungeze isiteji sokuthuthukiswa, yisikhathi sokujoyina uhlelo lonjiniyela lwe-Apple. Kuzodingeka wenze lokhu ukuze uthumele izinhlelo zakho zokusebenza ku-Apple App Store. Uhlelo lubiza izindleko ezingu- $ 99 ngonyaka futhi linikeza izingcingo ezimbili zokusekela phakathi naleso sikhathi, ngakho-ke uma unamathela kumbono wokwenza uhlelo, kukhona okunye okusebenzayo.
Qaphela : Kuzodingeka ukhethe phakathi kokubhalisa njengomuntu ngamunye noma njengenkampani. Ukubhalisa njengenkampani kudinga inkampani esemthethweni kanye namaphepha afana ne-Articles of Incorporation noma i-License yebhizinisi. Ibhizinisi Elenzayo Njengoba (i-DBA) engagcwalisi le mfuneko.
Push Sawubona, World kuya iPhone yakho noma iPad
Esikhundleni sokungena ngqo ekuthuthukiseni uhlelo lokusebenza, kuwumqondo omuhle ukwakha uhlelo lokusebenza olujwayelekile lwe-"Hello, World" bese ulufaka ku-iPhone yakho noma i-iPad. Lokhu kudinga ukuthola isitifiketi sikanjiniyela futhi usethe iphrofayli yokuhlinzeka kudivayisi yakho. Kungcono ukwenza lokhu manje ukuze ungayeki futhi wazi ukuthi ungayenza kanjani uma ufika esiteji sokuqinisekisa ukuthuthukiswa.
Ingabe uthuthukisa umdlalo? Funda kabanzi mayelana nokucaciswa kokuthuthukiswa komdlalo.
Qala Okuncane futhi Uhambe Khona
Awudingi ukugxila ngqo emcabangweni wakho omkhulu. Uma wazi uhlelo lokusebenza onalo engqondweni kungathatha izinyanga nezinyanga ukukhokha, ungaqala amancane. Lokhu kusebenza ngokukhethekile uma usuhlelo olusha lwezinhlelo zokusebenza. Hlanganisa ezinye zezici ofuna ukuzifaka kuhlelo lwakho lokusebenza futhi wakhe uhlelo lokusebenza olufanayo, oluncane olufaka leso sici. Isibonelo, uma wazi ukuthi uzodinga uhlu lokupheqa ngolwazi lomsebenzisi ukungeza izinto kulolu hlu, ungakha uhlelo lokudla ohlwini lokudla. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuthi uzame ukufaka izici ezithile ezithile ngaphambi kokuqalisa umqondo wakho omkhulu.
Uzothola ukuthi okwesibili uhlela isici ngaso sonke isikhathi esheshayo futhi esingcono kunokuqala. Ngakho, esikhundleni sokwenza amaphutha ngaphakathi kombono wakho omkhulu, lokhu kukuvumela ukuba uzame ngaphandle kwephrojekthi. Futhi uma uhlakulela uhlelo lokusebenza oluncane oludayiswayo, ungenza imali ngenkathi ufunda ukuthi ungayikhoda kanjani iphrojekthi yakho enkulu. Ngisho noma ungeke ucabange ngohlelo lokusebenza oludayiswayo, ukudlala ngokuzungezile ngesici kumsebenzi ohlukile kungaba yindlela enhle yokufunda ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani kuphrojekthi yakho eyinhloko.