Abafundi, abaxhumanisi bezinethiwekhi, abasebenzi bezinkampani, nanoma ubani omunye onentshisekelo kwezobuchwepheshe obuyisisekelo bamakhompiyutha wekhompuyutha angazuza ngokufunda okwengeziwe mayelana ne- OSI yenethiwekhi . Imodeli yindawo enhle yokuqala yokuqonda izakhiwo zokwakha amakhompiyutha ekhompyutha njengokushintsha, ama-routers kanye nezinhlelo zokuxhumana .
Nakuba amanethiwekhi anamuhla alandela ngokulandelana imihlangano evezwe yi-model ye-OSI, ukufana okwanele kuyasiza.
01 ngo-04
Yiziphi ezinye izinto eziwusizo zokukhumbula imidwebo ye-OSI?
Abafundi abafundela ukuxhumana nabo banenkinga yokukhanda ngekhanda igama lendwangu ngayinye yesibonelo se-OSI yenethiwekhi ngendlela efanele. I-OSI imibukiso yizimusho lapho igama ngalinye liqala ngenye incwadi efana ne-OSI yokulinganisa imodeli. Isibonelo, Bonke Abantu Ababukeka Bokudinga Ukucutshungulwa Kwemininingwane "kuyindlela evamile lapho bebuka imodeli yenethiwekhi phezulu phezulu, futhi Sicela Ungayishiyi I-Pizza Away nayo ivamile nakolunye uhlangothi.
Uma okungenhla akusizi, zama noma yikuphi kwalokhu okunye ukubonisana ukuze kukusize ngekhanda izendlalelo ze-OSI. Kusukela phansi:
- Abahleli akufanele baphonsa ama-pretzels asele
- Abantu Abadingi Ukubona Paula Abdul
- Abantu Bakudinga Kakhulu Ukubona Pamela Anderson
- Sicela Ungathinti Indawo Yobumfihlo Yase-Superman
- Sicela Ungathinti I-Samsung Phone yami Isicelo
- Sicela Ungasho Ukuthengisa Abantu Noma yini
- Sicela Ungathembeli Izimpendulo Zabantu
- I-Paula Yenza Inethiwekhi Engakaze Yadlula
Kusukela phezulu:
- Ubuchwepheshe obunembile obuhle bufinyelele phansi emzimbeni
02 ka 04
Iyini i-Protocol Data Unit (PDU) eqashwe kuleyo ngqimba engezansi?
Idatha yezokuthutha ipakethe idatha zibe izingxenye zokusetshenziswa kocingo lweNethiwekhi.
Uhlaka lwe-Network lufaka amaphakethe yedatha kumaphakethe okusetshenziselwa ungqimba lwe-Data Link. (I-Protocol ye-Inthanethi, isibonelo, isebenza ngamaphakethe we-IP.)
Uhlaka lweDatha Link lufaka amaphakheji kwedatha kumafomu okusetshenziswe ngqimba lomzimba. Lolu ungqimba lunama-sublayers amabili we-Logical Link Control (LCC) ne-Media Access Control (MAC).
Umcabango ongokwenyama uhlela idatha ibe yizinkinobho , okuyi-bitstream yokudlulisela phezu kwezindaba zenyama yenethiwekhi.
03 ka 04
Iziphi izendlalelo ezenza ukutholakala kwephutha nemisebenzi yokutakula?
Isendlalelo seDatha Link yenza ukutholakala kwephutha kumapakethe angenayo. Amanethiwekhi ngokuvamile asebenzisa ukulungiswa kwe-cyclic redundancy check (CRC) ukuze uthole idatha ewonakele kuleli zinga.
Ukuthutha ungqimba uphatha ukutakula iphutha. Ekugcineni kuqinisekisa ukuthi idatha itholwe ngokuhlelekile futhi ingenakho inkohlakalo.
04 ka 04
Zikhona yini ezinye izinhlobo ze-OSI yenethiwekhi?
Imodeli ye-OSI yahluleka ukuba yindinganiso yomhlaba wonke jikelele ngenxa yokwamukelwa kwe- TCP / IP . Esikhundleni sokulandela imodeli ye-OSI ngokuqondile, i-TCP / IP ichaze enye indawo yokwakhiwa esekelwe emigqeni emine esikhundleni sabayisikhombisa. Kusukela phansi kuya phezulu:
- Ukufinyelela kwenethiwekhi
- Ezokuthutha
- Umsebenzi we-Intanethi
- Isicelo
Isibonelo se-TCP / IP sabe sehlanjululwe ukuhlukanisa umgca wokufinyelela kwenethiwekhi zibe izendatshana ezihlukene zePhysical and Data Link, okwenza imodeli emihlanu yezingqimba esikhundleni sezine.
Lezi zigaba ze-Physical and Data Link zihambisana nezigaba ezifanayo 1 no-2 ze-OSI model. Izendlalelo ze-intanethi nezokuthutha nazo zihambelana ngokulandelana kwi-Network (ungqimba 3) noThutho (izingxenye ezingezansi) ze-OSI model.
Isendlalelo sohlelo lokusebenza lwe-TCP / IP, noma kunjalo, luyahluka kakhulu kunomfanekiso we-OSI. Ku-TCP / IP, lolu hlu olulodwa luvame ukwenza imisebenzi yazo zonke izingqimba eziphezulu ezingeni eliphezulu ku-OSI (iSession, Presentation, kanye nesicelo).
Ngenxa yokuthi isibonelo se-TCP / IP sagxile kwi-subset encane yezinhlelo zokusekela kune-OSI, izakhiwo zenzelwe ikakhulukazi izidingo zayo kanye nokuziphatha kwayo akufani ncamashi ne-OSI ngisho nezendlalelo igama elifanayo.