Esinye isici esibalulekile sokusetha i- Wi-Fi wireless setups ukuvumela ukuphepha ngezilungiselelo ezifanele. Uma lezi zilungiselelo zingacacisiwe, amadivaysi e-Wi-Fi angahluleka ukuxhuma kwinethiwekhi yendawo (uma ukuphepha kungase kungabuyiselwa).
Nakuba kunezinyathelo ezimbalwa ezihilelekile ekwakheni ukulondeka kwinethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi, ukuphathwa kwezinkinobho ezingenantambo kubonakala kubaluleke kakhulu. Lawa makhiye amaphasiwedi edijithali (ukulandelana kwezinhlamvu kanye / noma amadijithi, okuthiwa ngokuthi "uchungechunge") ukuthi wonke amadivayisi enethiwekhi adinga ukwazi ukuze axhumane. Ngokuyinhloko, wonke amadivayisi kunethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi yendawo abelana ngesihluthulelo esivamile.
Imithetho yokwenza izinkinobho ze-Wi-Fi
Ukubeka ukuphepha kumzila wenethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi, i- wireless hotspot noma iklayenti leklayenti kuhilela ukukhetha phakathi kohlu lwezinketho zokuphepha bese ufaka uchungechunge oluyisihluthulelo lapho idivayisi igcina khona. Ukhiye we-Wi-Fi ukhona emafomu amabili ayisisekelo:
- I-ASCII - ukulandelana kwezinhlamvu kanye / noma izinombolo zamadesimali
- hex - ukulandelana kwezinombolo ze- hexadecimal
Izinkinobho ze-Hex (izintambo ezinjenge- '0FA76401DB', ngaphandle kwamacaphuno) yifomethi ejwayelekile amadivayisi we-Wi-Fi aqondayo. Izihluthulelo ze-ASCII nazo zibizwa ngokuthi ama- passphrases ngoba abantu bavame ukukhetha amagama nama-phrases okulula okukhumbulayo, njengokuthi 'ilovewifi' noma 'hispeed1234'. Qaphela ukuthi amanye amadivaysi e-Wi-Fi asekela kuphela izihluthulelo ze-hex futhi ngeke avumele ukungena ezinhlamvu zegama lokungena noma ukubika iphutha uma uzama ukulondoloza umbhalo wesigcawu. Amadivaysi e-Wi-Fi aguqulela kokubili i-ASCII nezinkinobho ze-hex zibe izinombolo zobunana eziba yilokho okhiye langempela olusetshenziswa yi-hardware ye-Wi-Fi ukubethela idatha ethunyelwe phezu kwesixhumanisi esingenantambo.
Izinketho zokuphepha ezivame kakhulu ezisetshenziselwa inethiwekhi yekhaya zihlanganisa u-64-bit noma i-128-bit WEP ( enganconywa ngenxa yezinga eliphansi lokuvikelwa), i- WPA ne- WPA2 ). Ezinye imikhawulo ekukhetheni ukhiye we-Wi-Fi kuncike ekukhethweni okukhethiwe kanje:
- I-64-bit i-WEP - ama-passphrases kufanele abe yizinhlamvu ezingu-5 ze-ASCII; Amakhi kumele abe yizinombolo ezingu-10 ze-hexadecimal
- I-128-bit i-WEP - ama-passphrases kufanele abe yizinhlamvu ezingu-13 ze-ASCII; Amakhi kumele abe ngamadijithi angu-26 ayi-hexadecimal
- I-WPA ne-WPA2 - ama-passphrases kumele abe phakathi kwezinhlamvu ezingu-8 no-63 ze-ASCII; Amakhi kumele abe ngama-hex angu-64
Landela le mithetho eyengeziwe esebenza kuzo zonke izinketho ezingenhla uma wenza ukhiye we-Wi-Fi:
- 1. Khetha okhiye ezinkulu kunokuba ubude obuncane uma kungenzeka. Izinkinobho ezide kakhulu kunzima ukuyekethiswa, nakuba kunzima kakhulu abantu ukuba bakhumbule.
- 2. Ngoba zonke izinketho ezingenhla ze-Wi-Fi zisebenzisa izinkinobho ezibucayi, qinisekisa ukuthi ukulinganisa okhiye okwabiwe kufaka phakathi nokusetshenziswa kwezinhlamvu eziphansi nezindawo eziphezulu.
Ukuvumelanisa Amakhiza Ngamadivayisi Wendawo
Indlela elula ukuqinisekisa ukuthi wonke amadivaysi asekhaya noma inethiwekhi yendawo ahlelwe kahle ngekhikhi efana ne-Wi-Fi ukubeka kuqala ukhiye we-router (noma enye iphuzu lokufinyelela) bese ubuyekeze ngokuhlelekile iklayenti ngalinye ngomunye ukusebenzisa ifonti efanayo. Izinyathelo eziqondile zokusebenzisa ukhiye we-Wi-Fi ku-router noma enye idivaysi ihluka kancane kuye ngokuthi yi-hardware ethize ehilelekile, kodwa njengombandela jikelele:
- faka okhiye kukhasi lokuphatha lomzila lamasethingi angenantambo
- faka izinkinobho kudivayisi yeklayenti ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lokusebenza lwezilungiselelo noma iphaneli yokulawula uhlelo lokusebenza
Bheka futhi - Indlela Yokulungisa Ukuphepha Kwangenantambo kwe-WPA ku-Windows
Ukuthola Izihluthulelo Zama-Routers nama-Hotspots
Ngenxa yokuthi ukulandelana kwezinombolo nezinhlamvu ku-Wi-Fi kungase kube yisikhathi eside, kuvame ukuhlukumeza inani noma ukukhohlwa ukuthi kuyini. Ukuthola uchungechunge oluyisihluthulelo okwamanje olusetshenziselwa inethiwekhi yocingo engenantambo, ngena ngemvume ku-router yendawo njengomqondisi bese ubheka inani kusukela kukhasi elifanele lekhonsoli. Njengoba idivaysi ayikwazi ukufakazela nge-router ngaphandle uma isivele inesikhiye esifanele, xhuma idivayisi ku-router ngekhebula le-Ethernet uma kunesidingo.
Amanye ama-routers asekhaya avela kumkhiqizi onokukhethwa kwe-Wi-Fi okuvele kuvuliwe futhi ukhiye ozenzakalelayo ofakwe ngaphambilini kudivayisi. Lawa ma-routers ane-sticker ezansi kweyunithi ebonisa uchungechunge oluyisihluthulelo. Ngenkathi lezi zihluthulelo ziyimfihlo futhi ngokuvamile ziphephile ukusebenzisa endlini, izitika zivumela noma ubani ngaphakathi ekhaya ukuba abone izilungiselelo zalo zenethiwekhi futhi ajoyine amanye amadivayisi eklayenti ngaphandle kolwazi lomnikazi. Ukuze ugweme lo mngcipheko, abanye bakhetha ukwedlula ukhiye kulawo ma router anezintambo ezahlukene uma kuqala ukufaka kubo.