Ukuphepha okungenantambo kuqala ngomzila wakho
Ukuvikela inethiwekhi yakho engenazintambo kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile sokuvimbela abaduni. Emakhaya amaningi, i-router imi phakathi kwabasebenzisi ekhaya kanye nabantu abayothola idatha yabo ngezinhloso ezijabulisayo. Noma kunjalo, ukungena ngemvume ku-router akwanele ukuvikela inethiwekhi yakho engenantambo . Udinga ukhiye ongenantambo we-router kanye nawo wonke amadivayisi ekhaya lakho asebenzisa i-router. Ukhiye ongenazintambo uhlobo lwephasiwedi elisetshenziswa kakhulu kumanethiwekhi wekhompyutha angenantambo we-Wi-Fi ukwandisa ukuphepha kwabo.
I-WEP, i-WPA ne-WPA2 Amakhi
Ukufinyelela okuvikelwe kwe-Wi-Fi (i-WPA) yinkinga eyisisekelo yokuvikela esetshenziselwa amanethiwekhi we-Wi-Fi. I-Standard WPA standard yasungulwa ngo-1999, esikhundleni senani elidala elibizwa nge- Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) . Inguqulo entsha ye-WPA ebizwa nge-WPA2 yabonakala ngo-2004.
Zonke lezi zindinganiso zibandakanya ukusekelwa kokubethela, okuyikhono lokukhwabanisa idatha ethunyelwa phezu kokuxhumeka kwentambo ukuze kungabonakali kalula ngabangaphandle. Ukubethela kwenethiwekhi okungenantambo kusetshenziswa amasu wezibalo ezisuselwa ezinombolweni ezihleliwe ezenziwe ngekhompyutha. I-WEP isebenzisa uhlelo lokubethela olubizwa nge-RC4, okuyinto i-WPA yasekuqaleni efakwe esikhundleni se-Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP). Kokubili i-RC4 ne-TKIP njengoba isetshenziswe yi-Wi-Fi ekugcineni yahlehliswa njengoba abacwaningi bezokuphepha bethola amaphutha ekusebenziseni kwabo okungasetshenziswa kalula ngabahlaseli. I-WPA2 ithumele i-Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) njengengxenye ye-TKIP.
I-RC4, i-TKIP, ne-AES yonke isebenzisa izinkinobho ezingenantambo ezibude obuhlukahlukene. Lezi izinkinobho ezingenantambo yizinombolo ze-hexadecimal ezihluka ngobude-ngokuvamile phakathi kuka-128 no-256 bits ubude-kuye ngokuthi indlela yokubethela esetshenzisiwe. Idijithi ngayinye ye-hexadecimal imelela izingxenye ezine zesihluthulelo. Isibonelo, ukhiye we-128-bit ungabhalwa njengenombolo ye-hex yamadijithi angu-32.
Ama-passphrases nama-Keys
I- passphrase iphasiwedi ehlobene nesikhiye se-Wi-Fi. I-passphrases ingaba ubuncane obuyisishiyagalombili futhi kuze kube yizinhlamvu ezingu-63 ubude. Umlingisi ngamunye kungaba incwadi elula, incwadi encane, inombolo, noma uphawu. Idivaysi ye-Wi-Fi iguqulela ngokuzenzakalelayo imigqa yokuphambana yobude obuhlukile ehlwini lwe-hexadecimal yobude obudingekayo.
Ukusebenzisa ama-Keys Wireless
Ukuze usebenzise ukhiye ongenazintambo kunethiwekhi yasendlini, umlawuli kufanele akwazi ukunika amandla indlela yokuphepha kumzila we- broadband . Ama-routers asekhaya anika ukukhetha phakathi kwezinketho eziningi ngokuvamile ezifaka phakathi
- I-WEP
- I-WPA
- I-WPA2-TKIP
- I-WPA2-AES
Phakathi kwazo, i-WPA2-AES kufanele isetshenziswe uma kunokwenzeka. Wonke amadivaysi axhuma ku-router kumele asethelwe ukusebenzisa indlela efanayo ne-router, kodwa kuphela imishini ye-Wi-Fi endala ayinakho ukwesekwa kwe-AES. Ukukhetha okukhethwa kukho kuyamenza umsebenzisi angene noma umshwana wokungena noma ukhiye. Amanye ama-routers avumela ukungena okhiye abaningi kunokuba eyodwa kuphela ukunikeza abalawuli ukuthi balawule ngaphezu kokungeza nokususa amadivayisi kusuka kumanethiwekhi abo.
Idivaysi ngayinye engenantambo exhuma kunethiwekhi yasemakhaya kufanele isethwe nge-passphrase efanayo noma isethi yekhiye ku-router. Isihluthulelo akufanele sabiwe nabantu abangabazi.