Izinombolo ze-Binary kanye ne-hexadecimal zindlela ezimbili ezenzelwe izinombolo zamademeshi zendabuko esisisebenzisa ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. Izakhi ezibalulekile zamanethiwekhi ekhompiyutha afana namakheli, amaski, kanye nezinkinobho konke kuhlanganisa izinombolo zobunana noma ze-hexadecimal. Ukuqonda ukuthi izinombolo ezinobunambambili nezinombolo ze-hexadecimal zisebenza kanjani kubalulekile, ekwakheni izinkinga, nokuhlela noma iyiphi inethiwekhi.
Ama-bits nama-Bytes
Lolu chungechunge lwama-athikili luqala ukuqonda okuyisisekelo kwamakhompiyutha we-computer namabhayithi .
Izinombolo zebhanana ne-hexadecimal yindlela yemvelo yemvelo yokusebenza nedatha egcinwe ezinkolweni nasezintweni.
Izinombolo Binary kanye Base Two
Izinombolo zebhanana zonke zihlanganisa izinhlanganisela zamadijithi amabili '0' no- '1'. Lezi ezinye zezibonelo zezinombolo zobunambambili:
1
10
1010
11111011
11000000 10101000 00001100 01011101
Abanjiniyela kanye nezibalo babiza uhlelo lokubala lokubamba kanambambili uhlelo lwesisekelo-ezimbili ngoba izinombolo zobunana ziqukethe amadijithi amabili '0' no- '1'. Ngokuqhathanisa, uhlelo lwethu lokujwayelekile lwenombolo yedesimali yisistimu eyishumi neshumi esebenzisa amadijithi ayishumi '0' ngokusebenzisa '9'. Izinombolo ze-Hexadecimal (okuxoxwa kamuva) yindlela eyisisekelo nesithupha .
Ukuguqula kusuka ku-Binary kuya ku-Numeral Numimal
Zonke izinombolo zobunambambili zinezimpawu ezilinganayo zamadayimali futhi ngokufanayo. Ukuze uguqule izinombolo zamabhanari nezinombolo zamadesimali ngesandla, kumele usebenzise umqondo wemathemikhali wezombandela.
Umqondo wokubaluleka kwesimo silula: Ngombili izinombolo zobunambambili nezinombolo zamadesimali, inani langempela ledijithi ngalinye lixhomeke esimweni salo ("ukuthi kude kangakanani ngakwesobunxele") ngaphakathi kwenombolo.
Isibonelo, enombolweni yedesimali 124 , idijithi '4' imelela inani "ezine," kodwa idijithi '2' ibonisa inani "amashumi amabili," hhayi "amabili." I-'2 'ibonisa inani elikhulu kune' 4 'kulokhu ngoba lihlelwe ngakwesokunxele kwinombolo.
Ngokufanayo nenombolo kanambambili engu- 1111011 , i-'1 'ehamba phambili ibonisa inani "eyodwa," kodwa i-leftmost' 1 'ibonisa inani eliphakeme kakhulu ("amashumi ayisithupha nane" kulokhu).
Ngezibalo, isisekelo sesistimu yokubala sinquma ukuthi kungakanani ukubiza amadijithali ngesimo. Ngezinombolo eziyishumi zamademesimali eziyisithupha, ukwandisa idijithi ngayinye ngakwesobunxele ngesici esiqhubekayo esingu-10 ukubala inani laso. Ngezinombolo ezimbili zobunambambili, phinda idijithi ngayinye ngakwesobunxele ngesici esiqhubekayo se-2. Izibalo zisebenza njalo kusukela kwesokudla kuya kwesobunxele.
Kulesi sibonelo esingenhla, inombolo yedesimali 123 isebenza ku:
3 + (10 * 2 ) + (10 * 10 * 1 ) = 123
futhi inamba kanambambili 1111011 iguqula kudesimali njenge:
1 + (2 * 1 ) + (2 * 2 * 0 ) + (4 * 2 * 1 ) + (8 * 2 * 1 ) + (16 * 2 * 1 ) + (32 * 2 * 1 ) = 123
Ngakho-ke, inamba kanambambili 1111011 ilingana nenombolo yedesimali 123.
Ukuguqula Kusuka Ekudleni kuya ku-Binary Numeri
Ukuze uguqule izinombolo ngakwesinye isici, kusuka kumadesimali ukuya kubunambambili, kudinga ukuhlukaniswa okulandelanayo kunokuphindaphinda okuqhubekayo.
Ukuze uguqule ngesandla kusuka kumadayimali kuya kwinombolo kanambambili, qalisa ngenombolo yedesimali bese uqala ukwahlukana ngesisekelo senombolo kanambambili (isisekelo "sesibili"). Ngesinye isigaba isigaba siphumelela esisele kwe-1, sebenzisa i- '1' kuleso simo senombolo kanambambili. Uma ukuhlukaniswa kuphumela kusisele se-0, sebenzisa i- '0' kuleyo ndawo. Misa lapho ukwahlukana kuphumela enani lika-0. Izinombolo zobunambambili eziphethwe ziyalwe kusukela kwesokudla kuya kwesobunxele.
Isibonelo, inamba yedesimali 109 iguqula ibhanari ngendlela elandelayo:
- 109/2 = 54 isala 1
- 54/2 = 27 esele 0
- 27/2 = 13 okusele 1
- 13/2 = 6 okusele 1
- 6/2 = 3 okusele 0
- 3/2 = 1 elisele 1
- 1/2 = 0 okusele 1
Inombolo yedesimali 109 ilingana nenamba kanambambili 1101101 .
Bheka futhi - Izinombolo zobuciko ku-Wireless ne-Computer Networking