Kusukela lapho izithombe zeJapane (ezaziwa nangokuthi i-anime) zezwekazi zawela futhi zathandwa yizizukulwane zabambukeli baseMelika, kuye kwaba nokuphikisana okukhulu ngokuthi yikuphi okuphakeme: izithombe zaseJapane noma zaseMelika. Abaculi baseMelika nabathandekayo bezithombe bahlambalaza isitayela saseJapane nezindlela njengobuvila; Abadumile be-animation baseJapane badelela isitayela saseMelika njenge-clunky noma elihle kakhulu. Kodwa yini umehluko phakathi kwalababili, ngempela?
Isitayela
Impendulo elula yisitayela: ukubukeka okubukekayo nokuzizwa kwezithombe zaseJapane ngokulandelana kwama-American, ikakhulukazi ebonakalayo ekudalweni kwabantu abalingiswa. Amehlo amakhulu ahlukahlukene anezinqwaba ezivelele ezibonakalayo kanye nombala oningiliziwe yilophawu oluyinhloko lwe-anime, kanye nezinduku ezincane nemilomo ngokuvamile ekhonjiswa imigqa emincane. (Ngisho nezitayela ezithile ezithanda umlomo ongavulekile, ovulekile ubonisa ukuthi basebenzisa imigqa emincane.) Isitayela ngokwayo sisebenzisa ama-angles amaningi futhi igeleza, imigqa ehlisiwe. Izinto ezinjengama-eyelashes, izinwele, nezembatho zikhonjiswa ngemininingwane enhle kakhulu. Umbala uvame ukusebenzisa ukuhlukahluka okuningi nokuthungatha, ngokunakekelwa okungaphezulu okukhokhelwe ezintweni ezingenayo eziveziwe kanye nezithunzi ukuze ungeze ngokujulile.
Ngokuphambene, izithombe zaseMelika ziwela emizamweni yesitayela sezinhlamvu zamahlaya "ubuqiniso" (njengokungokoqobo njengalokho kungathola, noma kunjalo) noma abalingiswa obukhulu kakhulu, abalingiswa be-cartoon abanezici ezizungezile, ezixubile kakhulu. Ngokuvamile kunomininingwane encane, kugxile ekusebenziseni ubuciko besitayela ukufaka imininingwane ngokucabangelayo, ngendlela ehlehlisiwe, nokucabangela kancane ukuthungelwa kunokuba imilayezo eqinile yokugcina igcine emasithombeni amakhulu adinga.
Lapho izithombe ze-American zingase zibonakale zingekho kuleso sici, noma kunjalo, zenzelwa inani lemifanekiso eyenziwe. Izithombe zaseMelika zihlanganisa ukuhamba okuningi okuqala-okunye okusetshenziselwa ukuhamba nge-cyclically, kodwa okwamanje kuvezwa ngokubuhlungu ngokufakela uhlaka. Ngokuphambene nalokho, i-anime isebenzisa ama-cheats amaningi: izigcawu ezinde lapho kuphela umlomo womlingiswa (mhlawumbe nezinwele ezimbalwa) ezihamba ngesikhathi sokulethwa kolwazi olubalulekile, noma ukubonisa ukunyakaza okusheshayo nomlingiswa osindile esenzweni ngokumelene ingemuva esheshayo, ehambelana nesimo esidinga izithombe ezincane. Bavame ukusebenzisa ama-shoot shorts ngokumelene nezizinda eziphathekayo ngezimpawu ezimbalwa ezithinta ezithuthayo zizohambisana ne-monologue. Zombili izitayela zisebenzisa kabusha ukudubula nokulandelana, kodwa izithombe zaseJapane zivame ukubonakala ngokucacile ngakho. Yingakho ngezinye izikhathi i-anime yaseJapane ibhalwe ngokuthi "ivila" yi-animator yaseMelika.
Isici sesitayela sihamba kancane kunokuba nje izitayela zokudweba, noma kunjalo. Izithombe zaseMelika zivame ukusebenzisa izibhamu zekhamera eziqondile, ezingathintwa kakhulu ngama-angles kanye ne-dramatics kunokuba zibonise ngokucacile izenzakalo, nakuba zikhona kulowo mthetho. Izithombe zeJapane zizosetshenziswa ngokuphindaphindiwe ama-angles, ama-perspectives, nezokwemvelo ukuze kuqiniseke isimo sendawo futhi kubonise izenzo ezenzweni ezimbi kakhulu.
Kodwa umehluko omkhulu kunazo zonke kuqukethwe nokulaleli. E-America, ingxenye enkulu, amathangi aqoshiwe namafilimu abhekwa njengabantwana, futhi ahloselwe izilaleli. EJapane, i-anime ingaba ngezingane noma kubantu abadala, kanti ezinye izinto ezingenayo amazwe aseJapane ziye zabangela izinselele ezithakazelisayo lapho abazali bethola izingane zabo zinezinto ezivuthiwe. Futhi, umqondo wokuthi yini efanele izingane futhi kufanelekile kubantu abadala ungahluka phakathi kwamasiko amabili, futhi yini efanelekayo eneminyaka eyishumi eJapane angeke ibhekwe njengomuntu oneminyaka eyishumi ubudala eMelika. Iningi lalo lingachazwa ngokungafani kwamasiko, kanti i-American anime yase-American ingabheka ingqikithi yamasiko noma izinkomba zomongo ezivela ezindaweni ezingeke zibe khona kuma-American animations.
Ngaphandle kwalokho, umehluko awunjalo ngempela. Bobabili bafuna ukutshela indaba emkhatsini wemvelo, besebenzisa kokubili izindlela zedijithali nezendabuko. Bobabili basebenzisa ukuphishekela ukuze bagcizelele umzwelo ezenzweni zomlingiswa, kanye nezinye izinto ezifana nokulindela, umculo ophelelwe isikhathi, ne-squash futhi welule. Bobabili balandela izimiso ze-animation futhi badinga ukuzinikezela okuphelele kumsebenzi. Ekugcineni, akekho umuntu ongcono; kuyindaba nje yokunambitheka nokuthandayo.