Ochwepheshe bezoLwazi (IT) baqaphele ukubaluleka kokutholakala kwezinhlekelele amashumi eminyaka. Izibungu ze-Inthanethi eziphezulu kakhulu, izinhlekelele zemvelo, kanye nokunye ukuphulwa kwephrofayela ephezulu kusebenza njengezikhumbuzo zesidingo sokuhlela ngokufanele ukutakula izinhlekelele nezinye izinkinga zokuqhubeka kwebhizinisi.
Ukubuyiselwa kwezinhlekelele kusebenza ngokuyinhloko kumabhizinisi nezinye izinhlangano ezinkulu, kodwa izimiso eziyisisekelo ezifanayo ziyasebenza ekuxhumaneni kwekhaya, futhi.
Iyini Ukubuyiswa Kwezinhlekelele?
Ukubuyiselwa kwezinhlekelele kuhilela uchungechunge lwezenzo okumelwe zithathwe uma kwenzeka izinyathelo ezinkulu ezingalindelekile ukunciphisa imiphumela yabo emibi. Ekuxhumaniseni, izinhlekelele zingabangela ezenzakalweni ezifana
- i-malware yekhompyutha
- ukuhluleka kwamandla kagesi
- ukuhlaselwa kwe-hacker
- Ikhebula elingaphansi komhlaba liyakwehlisa noma ukuhluleka
- umlilo, izikhukhula, ukuzamazama komhlaba nezinye izinhlekelele zemvelo endaweni
- amaphutha ohlelweni lokuphatha
Umqondo ohambisanayo wokuqhubeka kwebhizinisi uhilela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinqubo zebhizinisi ezibucayi, kuhlanganise nalabo abasebenzisa izinhlelo ze-IT, zingagcinwa uma kwenzeka inhlekelele.
Kungani Ukubuyiswa Kwezinhlekelele Kubalulekile
Uma kwenziwa kahle, izinqubo zokutakula izinhlekelele zigcina imali eningi. Umthelela wezezimali ezinkampanini ngisho namahora ambalwa wenethiwekhi elahlekile kanye nokuxhumana kwe-Inthanethi kugijima kalula kwizigidi zamaRandi. Ukubuyiselwa kwezinhlekelele nakho kungathuthukisa izinga lokuphila komuntu, futhi kungasindisa ngisho nokuphila. Ukulahlekelwa kokuxhumana kwefoni nomngane nomndeni kuyabaphazamisa kakhulu ngesikhathi sephuthumayo.
Konke okushiwo, ukutshala izimali ekuqhubekeni kwebhizinisi kudinga ukulinganiswa ngokubhekisisa kokusebenza kwezindleko nokubunzima kokulungiselela ikusasa elingaziwa:
- izindleko - ukuvuselelwa kwenhlekelele ngokugcwele kuyabiza kakhulu
- ukuhlolwa - izinhlekelele zokubuyiselwa kwezinhlekelele ezibukeka zihle kakhulu ephepheni kepha ngokungaqiniseki okungavunyelwe kuzokwenza ukuthi zihluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni
- ukugxila kakhulu ku-backoffice - kulula ukuthokozwa ngezixazululo zegumbi leseva, kodwa ngaphandle kokuhlinzekwa okwanele kubantu kanye nengqalasizinda yezinkampani, ukuqhubeka kwebhizinisi ngeke kwenzeke
Amanethiwekhi asekhaya awanalo i-hardware ebiza kakhulu yebhizinisi elikhulu, kodwa ukulondolozwa kwedatha nokuxhumana kungabalulekile ngokulinganayo.
Ukuhlelwa Kokuvuselelwa Kwezinhlekelele
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokutakula inhlekelele igxila kakhulu ekuhleleni nasekuvimbeleni. Nakuba ukuzamazama komhlaba nokwesaba okuvamile kuhlasela kunzima ukukulindela, ezinye izinhlekelele eziningi zingahlaziywa ngokuningiliziwe.
Kulezo zenzakalo ezingenakuvinjelwa, uhlelo lwe-IT lokutakula inhlekelele lucabangela isidingo
- thola ukuqhuma noma ezinye izinhlekelele ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka
- azise noma yiliphi iqembu elichaphazelekayo ukuze bakwazi ukuthatha isinyathelo
- ukuhlukanisa izinhlelo ezithintekayo ukuze umonakalo ungasakazeki
- ukulungisa amasistimu ahloswe kakhulu ukuze imisebenzi ivuselelwe
Lezi zihlanganiswa ngokubizwa ngokuthi ukulawulwa kwezinhlekelele noma imisebenzi yokunciphisa ingozi.
Izindlela Zokubuyisela Izinhlekelele
Zonke izinhlelo ezinhle zokuvuselela izinhlekelele ze-IT zicubungula izingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko zokusebenza: idatha, izinhlelo kanye nabantu.
Kusukela kumbono wezobuchwepheshe, iningi lezinhlangano lithembele ekutheni uhlobo oluthile lwe- redundancy lokwenza kwenzeke ukuthi kutholakale idatha kanye nezinhlelo. I-Redundancy ivumela idatha yesimanje noma uhlelo lwesistimu ukuba ifakwe enkonzweni ngesaziso esifushane uma izinsiza eziyinhloko zihluleka noma zingenakutholakali. Izinhlangano zingaphinda ziphindiselele amaseva nezinye izinto ezibucayi ezindaweni eziningi ukuze ziqaphe noma iyiphi iphuzu elilodwa lokuhluleka.
Ngenkathi i-disk mirroring yendabuko igcina idatha etholakala kakhulu ezimweni ezivamile, isebenza kuphela ukudlula amabanga amancane. Izipele zivumela ukufakwa kwemininingwane yedatha ukuba ithunjiswe kudluliselwe ezindaweni ezikude. Izindlela zokulondoloza inethiwekhi yendabuko, isibonelo, ukukopisha amakhophi we-data ebucayi ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze zibuyiswe kamuva uma kudingeka. Uma izipele zigcinwa endaweni noma indawo kuphela, inani labo lokutakula inhlekelele liphansi. Izinhlangano ezinkulu zitshalwa inethiwekhi yobuchwepheshe benethiwekhi yesitoreji (SAN) ukusabalalisa idatha ngokubanzi kuwo wonke amanethiwekhi awo wangaphakathi. Abanye basebenzisa nezinsizakalo zokubamba iqhaza zangaphandle zokugcina ifu .
Amanethiwekhi asekhaya angawasebenzisa ngokunenzuzo ukusekelwa kwenethiwekhi kanye nezixazululo zesitoreji sefu, nokuphatha kangcono izingozi zabo.
Amanye amasu avamile okusekela izinhlelo zokuvuselela izinhlekelele zihlanganisa:
- ukwabela abantu enhlanganweni ngezindima ezikhethekile okumelwe zenziwe uma kwenzeka inhlekelele, futhi ubahlinzekele ukuqeqeshwa okudingekayo
- ukwenza izinsimbi zokutakula izinhlekelele eziphikisana nezimo ezithile zokutakula