Izinkulungwane zezinhlelo ezahlukene zenethiwekhi yasekhaya zikhona. Ngenhlanhla, iningi liyingqikithi encane kwisethi eyisisekelo yemiklamo evamile. Legalari iqukethe imidwebo yenethiwekhi ngayinye yemiklamo ejwayelekile yamanethiwekhi angenazintambo angenantambo, aphikisiwe nama-hybrid. Umdwebo ngamunye wenethiwekhi ufaka incazelo yezinzuzo nezindleko zalowo mdwebo othize kanye namathiphu wokwakha.
Lo mdwebo ubonisa ukusetshenziswa kwe- Wi-Fi wireless network router njengedivayisi ephakathi yenethiwekhi yekhaya. Bona ngezansi ukuthola incazelo eningiliziwe yalolu hlobo.
Umdwebo wenethiwekhi engenantambo
Wonke amadivayisi axhuma ku-router engenantambo kumele abe ne- adaptha yenethiwekhi yokusebenza. Njengoba kuboniswe kumdwebo, ukuxhuma kwi-router imodemu ye-broadband (ene-adapter eyodwa noma ngaphezulu eyakhelwe ngaphakathi) yenza kube lula ukuxhumeka kwe-intanethi ephezulu.
Ama-routers angenantambo avumela ukuthi amakhompiyutha amaningi axhumane nezixhumanisi ze-WiFi. Cishe noma iyiphi i-router engenantambo engahlali kuyo ngeke ibe nenkinga yokusekela inani lamadivayisi angenantambo atholakala emakhaya ajwayelekile. Kodwa-ke, uma wonke amakhompiyutha we-WiFi azama ukusebenzisa inethiwekhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, kufaneleke kulindeleke ukuthi kusetshenziswe ukunciphisa ukusebenza.
Amanethiwekhi amaningi angenazintambo (kodwa hhayi konke) avumela futhi amadivaysi amane afinyelelwe ukuba axhumeke ngekhebula le- Ethernet . Uma uqala ukufaka lolu hlobo lwenethiwekhi yasekhaya, enye ikhompuyutha kufanele ixhunywe kum router engenantambo okwesikhashana ukuvumela ukucushwa kokuqala kwezici ezingenantambo. Ukusebenzisa uxhumano lwe-Ethernet ngemuva kwalokho kungakhethwa. Ukusebenzisa ukuxhumeka kwe-Ethernet okungapheli kunengqondo uma ikhompiyutha, iphrinta noma enye idivayisi ingenakho ikhono le-WiFi noma ayikwazi ukuthola isignali yomsakazo enganele yomsakazo ukusuka ku-router.
Izingxenye ezikhethwa kukho
Ukuxhumanisa i-router yokufinyeleleka kwe-intanethi, amaphrinta, izidakamizwa zegeyimu namanye amadivaysi okuzijabulisa akudingeki ukuba yonke inethiwekhi yendlu isebenze. Mane nje ususe noma iyiphi yalezi zakhi ezibonisiwe ukuthi azikho esakhiweni sakho.
Ukulinganiselwa
Ingxenye ye-WiFi yenethiwekhi izosebenza kuphela kumkhawulo wobubanzi bomzila obungenantambo. Ububanzi bezinsiza ze-WiFi ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi kunezici eziningi ezibandakanya ukuhlelwa kwekhaya nanoma yikuphi ukuphazanyiswa komsakazo okungenzeka kube khona.
Uma ngabe i-router engenantambo ayisekeli ukuxhumeka okwanele kwe-Ethernet ngezidingo zakho, engeza idivayisi yesibili njengenethiwekhi yokwandisa ingxenye yocingo yesakhiwo.
I-Ethernet Router Network Diagram
Lo mdwebo ubonisa ukusetshenziswa komzila wenethiwekhi oyindilinga njengedivaysi ephakathi kwenethiwekhi yasendlini. Bona ngezansi ukuthola incazelo eningiliziwe yalolu hlobo.
Ukucabangela Okubalulekile
Izindlela eziningi (kodwa hhayi zonke) zamasethingi enethiwekhi ezixhunyiwe zivumela amadivaysi amane ukuba axhumeke ngekhebula le- Ethernet .
Wonke amadivayisi axhuma ku-router ye-Ethernet kumele abe ne- adapter yenethiwekhi ye- Ethernet esebenzayo.
Izingxenye ezikhethwa kukho
Ukuxhumanisa i-router yokufinyeleleka kwe-intanethi, amaphrinta, izidakamizwa zegeyimu namanye amadivaysi okuzijabulisa akudingeki ukuba yonke inethiwekhi yendlu isebenze. Mane nje ususe noma iyiphi yalezi zakhi ezibonisiwe ukuthi azikho esakhiweni sakho.
Ukulinganiselwa
Uma i-router ye-Ethernet ayisekeli ukuxhumeka okwanele kwe-Ethernet, engeza idivayisi yesibili njengenethiwekhi yokushintsha ukwandisa isakhiwo.
I-Hybrid Ethernet Router / Wireless Wire Point Network Umdwebo
Lo mdwebo ubonisa ukusetshenziswa komgwaqo wenethiwekhi yocingo ehlanganisiwe yocingo / inethiwekhi yokufinyelela engenazintambo. Bona ngezansi ukuthola incazelo eningiliziwe yalolu hlobo.
Ukucabangela Okubalulekile
Izindlela eziningi (kodwa hhayi zonke) zamasethingi enethiwekhi ezixhunyiwe zivumela amadivaysi amane ukuba axhumeke ngekhebula le- Ethernet . Indawo yokufinyelela engenazintambo idla elinye lala machweba atholakalayo, kodwa yenza amandla amaningi (ama-multiple) ama- WiFi ajoyine inethiwekhi.
Cishe noma yiliphi iphuzu lokufinyelela elingenazintambo lokungenazintambo ngeke likwazi ukuphatha ukusekela inani lamadivayisi angenantambo lapho. Kodwa-ke, uma wonke amakhompyutha we-WiFi azama ukusebenzisa inethiwekhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukwehlisa ukusebenza kungabangela.
Wonke amadivayisi axhuma ku-router ye-Ethernet kumele abe ne- adapter yenethiwekhi ye- Ethernet esebenzayo. Wonke amadivayisi axhuma iphuzu lokufinyelela elingenantambo kufanele abe ne-adaptha yenethiwekhi ye-WiFi esebenzayo.
Izingxenye ezikhethwa kukho
Izingosi zokufinyelela kwe-intanethi, amaphrinta, izidakamizwa zegeyimu kanye namanye amadivaysi okuzijabulisa akudingeki ukuba i-router noma iphuzu lokufinyelela likwazi ukusebenza. Mane nje ususe noma iyiphi yalezi zakhi ezibonisiwe ukuthi azikho esakhiweni sakho.
Ungakhetha ukuthi yimaphi amadivaysi okuxhuma ku-router nokuthi iyiphi indawo yokufinyelela engenantambo. Amanye ama-adapter wenethiwekhi angadingeka ukuguqula amanye amadivayisi e-Ethernet, ikakhulukazi amaphrinta namaduduzi wegeyimu, ukusebenza ngaphandle kwentambo.
Ukulinganiselwa
Ingxenye ye-WiFi yenethiwekhi izosebenza kuphela kumkhawulo webanga lokungena ezingenazintambo. Ububanzi bezinsiza ze-WiFi ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi kunezici eziningi ezibandakanya ukuhlelwa kwekhaya nanoma yikuphi ukuphazanyiswa komsakazo okungenzeka kube khona.
Uma ngabe i-router engenantambo ayisekeli ukuxhumeka okwanele kwe-Ethernet, engeza idivayisi yesibili njengenethiwekhi yokwandisa ingxenye yocingo yesakhiwo.
Umdwebo we-Network Connection Network
Lo mdwebo ubonisa uxhumano oluqondile ngaphandle komzila noma enye idivayisi ephakathi kwinethiwekhi yasendlini. Bona ngezansi ukuthola incazelo eningiliziwe yalolu hlobo.
Ukucabangela Okubalulekile
Ukuxhumeka okuqondile kungafezwa ngezinhlobo eziningana zokugqoka. Ikhebula le- Ethernet yiyona ejwayelekile kakhulu, kodwa ngisho nezinye izindlela ezilula (ezihamba kancane) zikhona kuhlanganise ikhebula le -RS-232 elayini, nekhebula elifanayo.
Ukuxhumeka okuqondile kuvamile kumiduduzo wegeyimu ukusekela imidlalo yokudlala yomdlali wombili (isb., I-Xbox System Link).
Izingxenye ezikhethwa kukho
Ukuxhumeka kwi-inthanethi kudinga ukuthi ikhompyutha eyodwa ibe ne- adapter yenethiwekhi ezimbili - eyodwa ukusekela uxhumano lwe-intanethi kanye nokusekela ikhompyutha yesibili. Ukwengeza, isofthiwe yokwabelana ngoxhumano lwe-Intanethi kumele ifakwe ukuze ivumele ukufinyeleleka kwe-intanethi ye-intanethi. Uma ukuxhumana kwe-intanethi akudingekile, lezi zinto zingashiywa kule ndawo.
Ukulinganiselwa
Ukuxhumeka okuqondile kusebenza kuphela kokubili kwamakhompiyutha / amadivaysi. Amadivaysi angeziwe angeke ajoyine inethiwekhi enjalo, nakuba amanye amabili angathinteka ngokwehlukana njengoba kuboniswe ngenhla.
Umdwebo Wenethiwekhi Engenantambo Ye-Ad Hoc
Lo mdwebo ubonisa ukusetshenziswa kwesimo esibizwa nge- ad hoc wireless kwinethiwekhi yekhaya. Bona ngezansi ukuthola incazelo eningiliziwe yalolu hlobo.
Ukucabangela Okubalulekile
Ukusebenzisa imodi ye-Wi-Fi evamile kususa isidingo se- router yenethiwekhi noma iphuzu lokufinyelela kunethiwekhi ye-wireless. Nge-wireless ad hoc, ungakwazi ukuxhumanisa amakhompiyutha ndawonye uma kudingeka ngaphandle kokuthi ufike endaweni eyodwa. Abantu abaningi basebenzisa i-Wi-Fi ye-ad hoc kuphela ezimweni zesikhashana ukuze bagweme izinkinga zokuphepha ezikhona.
Izingxenye ezikhethwa kukho
Ukuxhumanisa ukuhlelwa kwe-ad hoc yokufinyelela kwe-intanethi, amaprinta, noma izidakamizwa zegeyimu namanye amadivaysi okuzijabulisa akudingeki ukuba yonke inethiwekhi yendlu isebenze. Mane nje ususe noma iyiphi yalezi zakhi ezibonisiwe ukuthi azikho esakhiweni sakho.
Ukulinganiselwa
Wonke amadivayisi axhuma nge-wireless ad ad kumele abe ne- adaptha yenethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi esebenzayo. Lezi adaptha kufanele zilungiselelwe imodi ye-"ad hoc" esikhundleni semodi "engqalasizinda" evamile.
Ngenxa yemiklamo yabo eguquguqukayo, amanethiwekhi wesikhangiso se-Wi-Fi anzima nakakhulu ukugcina ephephile kunelabo abasebenzisa amaphuzu angenazintambo / amaphuzu okufinyelela.
Amanethiwekhi wesikhangiso se-Wi-Fi axhasa ukuphakama komkhawulokudonsa we-11 Mbps , kanti amanye amanethiwekhi we-Wi-Fi angase asekele ama-54 Mbps noma ngaphezulu.
I-Ethernet Switch (Hub) Umdwebo wenethiwekhi
Lo mdwebo ubonisa ukusetshenziswa kwehabhu le- Ethernet noma ukushintshela kwinethiwekhi yendlu. Bona ngezansi ukuthola incazelo eningiliziwe yalolu hlobo.
Ukucabangela Okubalulekile
Ama-hubs e-Ethernet nokushintshwa kuvumela amakhompiyutha amaningi ahlangene ukuze axhumane. Iningi (kodwa hhayi konke) i-Ethernet hubs futhi ishintshela ukusekela kuze kufike ukuxhumana okune.
Izingxenye ezikhethwa kukho
Izingosi zokufinyelela kwe-inthanethi, amaphrinta, noma izidakamizwa zegeyimu namanye amadivaysi okuzijabulisa akudingeki kulo lonke loluhlelo lwesakhiwo senethiwekhi ekhaya. Vele ushiye noma iyiphi yalezi zakhi ezibonisiwe ukuthi azikho kudizayini yakho.
Ama-hubs engeziwe kanye noshintsho angabandakanywa kwisakhiwo esiyisisekelo esibonisiwe. Ukuxhuma ama-hubs kanye / noma ukushintshana komunye nomunye kunweba inani lamakhompiyutha inethiwekhi ingase isekele kuze kube ngamanye amaningana.
Ukulinganiselwa
Wonke amakhompyutha axhuma kuhabhu noma ushintsho kumele abe ne- adaptha yenethiwekhi ye- Ethernet esebenzayo.
Njengoba kubonisiwe, ngokungafani nomzila wenethiwekhi , ama-hubs e-Ethernet nokushintsha akukwazi ukusebenzisana ngqo ku-inthanethi. Esikhundleni salokho, ikhompuyutha eyodwa kumele ikhethwe njengokulawula uxhumano lwe-intanethi nabo bonke amanye amakhompyutha angena kwi-intanethi ngawo. Isofthiwe yokwabelana nge-inthanethi ingafakwa kukhompyutha ngayinye kule njongo.
I-HomePNA ne-G.hn Home Network Technology
Lo mdwebo ubonisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-G.hn technology network technology. Bona ngezansi ukuthola incazelo eningiliziwe yalolu hlobo.
Ukucabangela Okubalulekile
Izakhamuzi ziye zasebenzisa emlandweni izinhlobo ezintathu zemikhawulo yasekhaya - imigqa yefoni (ama-HomePNA amadivaysi), imigqa yamandla, kanye nekhamera ye-coaxial (yamathelevishini namabhokisi ephezulu we-TV). Ikhono lokuxhuma amadivaysi ndawonye kulezi zinhlobo zekhebula ezahlukene bese udala inethiwekhi yasendlini esebenziwe yonke indlu ithuthukiswa yiqembu elibizwa nge-HomeGrid Forum.
Amakhasimende e-HomePNA (bheka umdwebo) sebenzisa i-wiring yocingo evamile yendawo yokuhlala ukuze ithwale uxhumano lwenethiwekhi ekhaya. Njengamanethiwekhi e- Ethernet noma e- Wi-Fi , amanethiwekhi wefoni ayadingeka ukuthi idivaysi ngayinye ibe ne-adapter yenethiwekhi yeselula yocingo ehambisanayo efakiwe. Lezi zi-adapters zixhunywe yizingcingo ezivamile zefoni (noma ngezinye izikhathi ikhebula le- CAT5 Ethernet) ezindaweni zokungena ucingo.
Okunye ubuchwepheshe obuxhaswe yi-Forum ye-HomeGrid buya ngaphansi kwe-G.hn ejwayelekile okuthiwa (inethiwekhi yekhaya ye-Gigabit). Imikhiqizo ye-G.hn ihlanganisa amakheli e-powerline axhuma emasitolo odonga futhi abe ne- port ye- Ethernet yokufaka phakathi komugqa kunethiwekhi yocingo ehambileyo, ne-adapters efanayo ekhombisa amabhokisi ephezulu we- IPTV asebenzisa i-coax kunethiwekhi yasesekhaya ye- broadband ekhona.
Lokhu buchwepheshe bungaba usizo lapho
- okudingayo ukuxhuma amadivaysi angcingo phakathi kwamakamelo
- ibhokisi le-set-top lekhaya ne-TV litholakala kude kakhulu komunye nomunye futhi eyodwa noma kokubili amadivayisi ayisekeli i-Wi-Fi
Uhlu lwemikhiqizo eqinisekisiwe yakwaG.hn lugcinwa ekhasini le-HomeGrid Forum Certified Systems.
Izingxenye ezikhethwa kukho
uma kutholakala, amadivaysi angasebenzisa ukuxhumana okungokwesiko kwe-Ethernet noma i-Wi-Fi kunama-adapter we-G.hn.
Ukulinganiselwa
I-HomePNA amanethiwekhi omnxeba awavamile ukusetshenziswa namuhla futhi lokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ukuthola lokhu, ngokuyinhloko ngenxa yokuthandwa kwamadivayisi we- Wi-Fi . Ubuchwepheshe be-G.hn bubuye bube nemikhiqizo emisha futhi eqinisekisiwe ngokujwayelekile kube nzima ukuthola.
Umdwebo weNethiwekhi Yasekhaya ye-Powerline
Lo mdwebo ubonisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ze-HomePlug ekwakheni inethiwekhi yekhaya le-powerline. Bona ngezansi ukuthola incazelo eningiliziwe yalolu hlobo.
Ukucabangela Okubalulekile
Amanethiwekhi ase-Powerline asebenzisa iziteshi zamagesi ezijwayelekile zokuhlala ukuze zithwale inethiwekhi yezokuxhumana. Imishini etholakalayo ye-powerline ihlanganisa ama-routers enethiwekhi , amabhuloho wenethiwekhi namanye ama-adapters.
Ukuxhuma kunethiwekhi yomsakazo wamandla, ukuphela komugqa we-adaptha kufakwa kwisitoreji esivamile sodonga lwamagesi ngenkathi enye ixhuma kwinethiwekhi yenethiwekhi yedivayisi (ngokuvamile i- Ethernet noma i- USB ). Wonke amadivaysi axhumekile ahlanganyela esifundeni esifanayo sokuxhumana.
I-HomePlug Powerline Alliance ithuthukisa izindinganiso zobuchwepheshe ezixhaswe ngemishini ehambisanayo yokusebenzisa amandla.
Izingxenye ezikhethwa kukho
Akuwona wonke amadivayisi enethiwekhi yasemakhaya okumelwe axhumeke ku-router powerline; Amanethiwekhi angama-hybrid anamadivayisi we-Ethernet noma ama- Wi-Fi angajoyina inethiwekhi ye-powerline. Isibonelo, ibhuloho le-Wi-Fi lokuqalisa amandla lingakhululwa ngokuzenzakalelayo egumbini lodonga, okuvumela amadivaysi angenantambo ukuba axhumane nayo futhi abuyele kuyo yonke inethiwekhi ye-powerline.
Ukulinganiselwa
I-HomePlug networking networking ihlala ingathandwa kakhulu kunezinye izindlela ze-Wi-Fi noma ze-Ethernet. Imikhiqizo yokuxhumanisa i-Powerline izoba nzima kakhulu ukuthola ngokukhetha okuncane kwamamodeli ngalesi sizathu.
Amanethiwekhi e-Powerline ngokuvamile awasebenzi njengokwethenjelwa uma amadivaysi angena emathangeni emandla noma izintambo zandiso. Xhuma ngqo ezitolo zasendlini ngemiphumela engcono kakhulu. Emakhaya anezifunda eziningi ezifakiwe, wonke amadivayisi kufanele axhumeke esifundeni esifanayo ukuze axhumane.
I-bandwidth esiphezulu ye-HomePlug (version 1.0) inethiwekhi yamandla kagesi yi-14 Mbps , kanti izinga elisha le-HomePlug AV lisekela okungaphezu kwe-100 Mbps. I-wiring yamandla kagesi engalungile etholakala emakhaya amadala inganciphisa ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi yamandla.
Umdwebo wombili we-Router Home Network
Amanethiwekhi asekhaya asekhaya asebenza ngokusebenza nomgwaqo owodwa wokusakaza , kodwa ukwengeza umzila wesibili unikeza izinketho eziningi zokwandisa nokulawula inethiwekhi. Bona ngezansi ukuthola incazelo eningiliziwe yalolu hlobo.
Amanethiwekhi amabili we-router ahlinzeka ngamakhono amasha ewusizo ezimweni eziningana:
- Ukwandisa inethiwekhi eyinkimbinkimbi isekelwe kumzila owodwa we- Ethernet ukufaka amandla we-Wi-Fi nge-router yesibili engenantambo.
- Ukwakha i- subnetwork ngaphakathi kwenethiwekhi yekhaya jikelele ukukhawulela ukufinyelela kwe-intanethi kwamadivaysi athile, noma ukuhlukanisa ithrafikhi yabo yenethiwekhi
- Ukuba neyunithi yokusekelayo yokusebenza etholakalayo uma kwenzeka enye i-router ihluleka ukusebenza ngokuzumayo