Igama elithi SAN ekuxhumaniseni i-computer ngokuvamile libhekisela kunethiwekhi yesitoreji kodwa lingabhekisela ekuxhumaneni kwezinhlelo zesistimu.
Inethiwekhi yesitoreji yendawo inethiwekhi yendawo yenethiwekhi yendawo (i-LAN) eyenzelwe ukuphatha ukudluliswa kwedatha enkulu nokugcinwa kwenqwaba yolwazi lwedijithali. I-SAN ngokuvamile isekela isitoreji sedatha, ukubuyisa nokuphindaphinda kwamanethiwekhi webhizinisi isebenzisa amaseva aphezulu, ama-multiple disk arrays kanye ne-interconnect technology.
Amanethiwekhi wesitoreji asebenza ngokuhlukile kunamanethiwekhi wamaklayenti -iseva ajwayelekile ngenxa yobuningi bemisebenzi yabo yokulayisha. Isibonelo, amanethiwekhi asekhaya ngokuvamile abonisa abasebenzisi abaphequlula i-intanethi, okubandakanya inani elincane lemininingwane elibangelwa ngezikhathi ezihlukahlukene, futhi lingabuyelela ezinye izicelo uma kwenzeka zilahlekile. Amanethiwekhi wesitoreji, ngokuqhathanisa, kufanele aphathe amanani amaningi kakhulu wedatha akhiqizwa ngezicelo eziningi futhi akakwazi ukukhokhela noma iyiphi idatha.
Inethiwekhi yendawo yesistimu iqoqo lamakhompiyutha aphezulu asetshenziselwa izinhlelo zokucubungula ezidingekayo ezidinga ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi yasendaweni esheshayo ukusekela ukulinganisa okuhlanganisiwe nokukhipha kubasebenzisi bangaphandle.
I-Fiber Channel ngokumelene ne-iSCSI
Amakhomphyutha amabili okuxhumana okukhulumayo amanethiwekhi okugcina - I- Fiber Channel ne-Interface Small Computer Systems Interface (i-iSCSI) - zombili zisetshenziselwa kabanzi kuma-SAN futhi zincintisana iminyaka eminingi.
I-Fiber Channel (FC) yaba yisinqumo esihamba phambili se-SAN zokuxhumana phakathi nawo-1990. Amanethiwekhi wendabuko e-Fiber Channel aqukethe izinto eziphathekayo ezibizwa nge- Fiber Channel ezishintshayo ezixhuma isitoreji kwi-SAN plus Fiber Channel HBAs (ama-adapter yamabhasi ehostela) axhuma lezi zintshi kumakhompyutha we-server. Ukuxhumeka kwe-FC kunikeza amazinga wedatha phakathi kwe-1 Gbps no-16 Gbps.
I-iSCSI yadalwa njengezindleko eziphansi, ukusebenza okungezansi okunye kwe-Fiber Channel futhi yaqala ukukhula ekuthandeni phakathi nonyaka ka-2000. I-iSCSI isebenza ngokushintshwa kwe- Ethernet nokuxhumana kwangokwenyama esikhundleni se-hardware ekhethekile eyakhelwe ngokukhethekile ukulayisha umsebenzi. Inikeza amazinga we-data we-Gbps angu-10 nangaphezulu.
Izikhalazo ze-iSCSI ikakhulukazi kumabhizinisi amancane ngokuvamile angenawo abasebenzi abaqeqeshwe ekuphathweni kobuchwepheshe be-Fiber Channel. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinhlangano ezitholakale zikhona kuFiber Channel kusukela emlandweni zingase zizizwe ziphoqelelwe ukwethula i-iSCSI endaweni yazo. Indlela ehlukile yeFC ebizwa ngokuthi i- Fiber Channel phezu kwe-Ethernet (FCoE) yasungulwa ukunciphisa izindleko ze-FC izixazululo ngokuqeda isidingo sokuthenga hardware ye-HBA. Akuwona wonke ama-switches e-Ethernet asekela i-FCoE, noma kunjalo.
Imikhiqizo ye-SAN
Abenzi abaziwayo bemishini yenethiwekhi yokugcina isitoreji bahlanganisa i-EMC, i-HP, i-IBM, ne-Brocade. Ngaphezu kokushintshwa kwe-FC nama-HBAs, abathengisi badayisa izindawo zokugcina kanye nokuvalwa kwe-rack ye-disk media ngokomzimba. Izindleko zemikhumbi ye-SAN kusukela kumakhulu ambalwa kuya kuzinkulungwane zamadola.
I-SAN vs. i-NAS
Ubuchwepheshe be-SAN bufana kepha buhlukile ebuchwepheni bokugcinwa kwenethiwekhi (NAS). Ngenkathi i-SAN isebenzisa amasethingi enethiwekhi ephansi ekudluliseni amabhulokhi wediski, idivayisi ye-NAS isebenza ngokugcwele nge- TCP / IP futhi ingahlanganiswa kalula kalula kumanethiwekhi ekhompyutha .