Isingeniso emibono ebalulekile ye-LAN
Inethiwekhi yendawo yendawo (LAN) inikeza amandla okuxhumanisa eqenjini lamakhompiyutha asondelene kakhulu, njengokwakhiwa kwehhovisi, esikoleni noma ekhaya. Ama-LAN avame ukwakhelwa ukuze unike amandla ukwabelana kwezinsiza kanye nezinsizakalo ezifana namafayela, amaprinta, imidlalo, izinhlelo zokusebenza, i-imeyili, noma ukufinyelela kwe-intanethi.
Amanethiwekhi amaningi wendawo angase ahlale yedwa, axhunyiwe kunoma iyiphi enye inethiwekhi, noma angase axhumeke kwezinye i-LAN noma i- WAN (njenge-inthanethi). Amanethiwekhi omndeni wendabuko yi-LAN ngabanye kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi abe nama-LAN amaningi ngaphakathi kwekhaya, njengokungathi uma inethiwekhi yomvakashi isethiwe .
Ubuchwepheshe Bokusetshenziswa Ukwakha I-LAN
Amanethiwekhi zendawo zendawo zasebenzisa kakhulu i- Wi-Fi noma i- Ethernet ukuxhuma amadivaysi awo ndawonye.
I-Wi-Fi LAN yendabuko isebenza eyodwa noma ngaphezulu amaphuzu okufinyelela angenazintambo ukuthi amadivaysi phakathi kwebala lesignali axhuma ku. Lezi amaphuzu okufinyelela ekuqondeni ukulawula ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi igeleza futhi ivela kumadivayisi wendawo futhi ingabonakalisa inethiwekhi yendawo namanethiwekhi angaphandle. E-LAN yasekhaya, ama-routers angenazintambo zokusebenzisa izintambo enza imisebenzi yendawo yokufinyelela.
I-LAN yendabuko ye-Ethernet inamanye ama-hubs , ama- switches , noma ama-routers omdabu amadivaysi ngamunye axhuma ku- Ethernet .
Kokubili i-Wi-Fi ne-Ethernet iphinde ivumele amadivaysi ukuthi axhumane ngokuqondile (isib. Ontanga ohlotshaniswa nabo noma oxhumana nabo) kunokuba asebenzise idivaysi ephakathi, nakuba ukusebenza kwala manethiwekhi kunqunyelwe.
Nakuba i-Ethernet ne-Wi-Fi ivame ukusetshenziswa emabhizinisini amaningi nasemakhaya, ngenxa yokubiza okuphansi nezindleko, i-LAN ingahle isetwe nge- fiber uma isizathu esanele singatholakala.
Inqubo ye-intanethi (i-IP) yiyona ndlela enkulu kakhulu yokukhetha inethiwekhi ye-protocol esetshenziswa kuma-LAN. Zonke izinhlelo zokuxhumana zenethiwekhi ezithandwayo zisekelwe ukwesekwa kwe- TCP / IP edingekayo.
I-Big Is A LAN?
Inethiwekhi yendawo ingaqukatha noma yikuphi kusuka kumadivayisi owodwa noma amabili kuya ezinkulungwaneni eziningi. Amanye amadivayisi afana namaseva namaphrinta ahlala unomphela ahlobene ne-LAN ngenkathi amadivayisi eselula afana namakhompyutha ephathekayo namafoni angajoyina futhi ashiye inethiwekhi ngezikhathi ezihlukahlukene.
Kokubili ubuchwepheshe obusetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwe-LAN futhi nenhloso yayo inqume usayizi wayo wenyama. Amanethiwekhi wendawo we-Wi-Fi, isibonelo, avame ukulingana ngokwezizinda zokufinyelela kwamanye umuntu, kuyilapho amanethiwekhi e-Ethernet athambekele ekuhambeni amabanga ukuthi amakhodi ngamunye e-Ethernet angawafaka.
Nokho, kuzo zombili izimo, ama-LAN angadluliselwa ukumboza amabanga amakhulu kakhulu uma kudingeka ngokuhlanganisa ndawonye amaphuzu okufinyelela amaningi noma ukushintsha.
Qaphela: Ezinye izinhlobo zamanethiwekhi wendawo zingase zibe mkhulu kunama-LAN, njenge- MANs nama-CANs .
Izinzuzo zoNethiwekhi Yendawo Yendawo
Kukhona izinzuzo eziningi ku-LANs. Esinye esicacile kunazo zonke, njengokukhulunywe ngenhla, yilolu hlelo lokusebenza (kanye namalayisense), amafayela, ne-hardware kungabelwa ngawo wonke amadivayisi axhuma ku-LAN. Lokhu akugcini nje ukwenza izinto zibe lula kodwa futhi kunciphisa izindleko zokuthenga izimpande.
Isibonelo, ibhizinisi lingagwema ukuthenga iphrinta kumsebenzi ngamunye kanye nekhomputha ngokusetha i-LAN ukwabelana iphrinta phezu kwenethiwekhi yonke, evumela okungaphezu komuntu oyedwa ukuphrinta kuyo, izinto zefeksi, imibhalo yokuskena, njll.
Njengoba ukwabelana kuyinhloko enkulu yenethiwekhi yendawo, kuyacaca ukuthi lolu hlobo lwenethiwekhi lusho ukuxhumana okusheshayo. Akukona nje kuphela ukuthi amafayela kanye nedatha ekwabelwana ngayo ngokushesha uma behlala ngaphakathi kwenethiwekhi yendawo kunokuba bafinyelele ku-intanethi kuqala, kodwa ukukhulumisana kwephuzu kuya kwephuzu kungasetha ukukhulumisana okusheshayo.
Futhi kule ncwajana, ukwabelana ngezinsiza kwinethiwekhi kusho ukuthi kukhona ukulawula okuphakathi kokuphatha, okusho ukuthi kulula ukwenza izinguquko, ukuqapha, ukuvuselela, ukuxazulula izinkinga, nokugcina lezo zinsiza.
I-LAN Topologies
I- topology yenethiwekhi yekhompiyutha yindlela yokwakhiwa yokuxhumana engxenyeni ye-LAN. Labo abakha ubuchwepheshe be-network babheka ukuxolisa, futhi ukuqonda kwabo kunikeza ukuqonda okungaphezulu kokuthi ama-network asebenza kanjani. Noma kunjalo, umsebenzisi ojwayelekile wenethiwekhi yekhompyutha akadingi ukwazi okuningi ngaye.
Ibhasi, indandatho, nezinkanyezi zezinkanyezi yizifomu eziyisisekelo eziyisisekelo ezaziwa yizinethiwekhi eziningi-ukufunda abantu.
Iyini iqembu le-LAN?
I-LAN party ibhekisela kuhlobo lwabadlali abaningi bekhompiyutha yamageyimu nemicimbi yomphakathi lapho ababambiqhaza beletha amakhompyutha abo futhi bakhe inethiwekhi yendawo yesikhashana.
Ngaphambi kwamasevisi wegeyimu asekelwe efolini kanye nokudlala kwe-intanethi kuvuthwe, amaqembu we-LAN ayadingeka ekubutheni abadlali be-matchmaking ngenzuzo yokuxhumana okusheshayo, ukuxhumeka kwe-latency ukusekela izinhlobo zangempela zesikhathi semidlalo.