Imindeni eminingi yokuhlala ifake amanethiwekhi abo ekhaya, izinkampani nezinye izinhlobo zamabhizinisi nazo zisebenzisa amakhompiyutha ekhompyutheni emsebenzini wawo wansuku zonke. Womabili amanethiwekhi okuhlala namabhizinisi asebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuningi obufanayo. Noma kunjalo, amanethiwekhi ebhizinisi (ikakhulukazi lawo ezinkampani ezinkulu) afaka izici ezengeziwe nokusetshenziswa.
I-Design Network Design
Amanethiwekhi amancane ehhovisi kanye nasekhaya (SOHO) avame ukusebenza ngamanethiwekhi omphakathi owodwa noma amabili (LANs) , ngalinye elawulwa ngumzila walo wenethiwekhi . Lawa afana nemiklamo yenethiwekhi yasekhaya evamile.
Njengoba amabhizinisi ekhula, izakhiwo zabo zenethiwekhi zanda ezinombolweni ezikhulayo ze-LAN. Amabhizinisi asekelwe endaweni engaphezu kweyodwa ahlele uxhumano lwangaphakathi phakathi kwezakhiwo zabo zehhovisi, okuthiwa inethiwekhi ye-campus lapho izakhiwo ziseduze futhi inethiwekhi yendawo enkulu (i-WAN) ngenkathi ihamba emadolobheni noma emazweni.
Izinkampani ziyakwazi ukunika amandla amanethiwekhi awo wendawo ukufinyelela kwe-Wi-Fi okungenazintambo, nakuba amabhizinisi amakhulu ajwayele ukuxhuma izakhiwo zabo zehhovisi ngekhamera ye- Ethernet esheshayo yomthamo wenethiwekhi nokusebenza okukhulu.
Amasevisi Ezebhizinisi ne-Intanethi
Izinkampani eziningi zenza abasebenzi bazo bakwazi ukungena kwi-intanethi ngaphakathi kwenethiwekhi yebhizinisi. Abanye bafaka ubuchwepheshe bokuhlunga okuqukethwe kwe-intanethi ukuvimbela ukufinyelela kumasayithi ethize noma izizinda. Lezi zinhlelo zokuhlunga zisebenzisa ulwazi oluhlelekile lwamagama wesizinda se-intanethi (njengezithombe zewebhu zobulili ezingcolile noma zokugembula), amakheli namagama angukhiye wokuqukethwe abhekwa njengokwephula inqubomgomo yokwamukelwa yenkampani. Amanye ama-router yenethiwekhi yasekhaya abuye asekele izici zokuhlunga okuqukethwe kwe-intanethi ngokusebenzisa izikrini zabo zokuphatha, kodwa izinkampani zivame ukusebenzisa izixazululo zesofthiwe esinezinamandla futhi ezibiza kakhulu.
Ngezinye izikhathi amabhizinisi avumela abasebenzi ukuba bangene kwinethiwekhi yenkampani kusuka emakhaya abo noma kwezinye izindawo zangaphandle, ikhono elibizwa ngokuthi ukufinyelela okude . Ibhizinisi lingasetha amaseva we- intanethi yangasese (VPN) ukusekela ukufinyelela okukude , nekhompyutha yabasebenzi elungiselelwe ukusebenzisa isofthiwe yekhasimende le-VPN ehambisanayo nezilungiselelo zokuphepha.
Uma kuqhathaniswa namanethiwekhi asekhaya, amanethiwekhi ezamabhizinisi athumela ( ukulayishwa ) ivolumu ephakeme kakhulu yedatha kuyo yonke i-Intanethi ngenxa yokuthengiselana kumasayithi eWebhusayithi, i-imeyili, kanye neminye imininingwane eshicilelwe ngaphandle. Izinhlelo zokuhlala ze-intanethi zendawo yokuhlala zinikezela amakhasimende abo isilinganiso esiphezulu sedatha yokulandwa ngokubuyisela izinga eliphansi ekulayeleni, kodwa izinhlelo ze-intanethi zebhizinisi zivumela amazinga aphezulu wokulayisha ngalesi sizathu.
I-intranethi nama-Extranets
Izinkampani zingasetha amaseva wewebhu wangaphakathi ukwabelana ngolwazi oluyimfihlo lwebhizinisi nabasebenzi. Bangase futhi bafake i-imeyli yangaphakathi, imibiko esheshayo (IM) nezinye izinhlelo zokuxhumana zangasese. Ngamanye lawa mahlelo enza i- intranet yebhizinisi. Ngokungafani ne-imeyili ye-intanethi, amasevisi we-IM kanye neWebhu atholakalayo esidlangalaleni, amasevisi we-intranet angatholakala kuphela abasebenzi abangene ngemvume kwinethiwekhi.
Amanethiwekhi ebhizinisi athuthukile futhi avumela ukwabelana idatha ethile elawulwayo phakathi kwezinkampani. Ngezinye izikhathi kuthiwa ama- extranets noma amanethiwekhi webhizinisi-kuya-bhizinisi (B2B) , lezi zinhlelo zokuxhumana zibandakanya izindlela zokufinyelela ezikude kanye / noma izingosi ezivikelwe kwi-Web.
Ukuphepha Komsebenzi Webhizinisi
Izinkampani zinemininingwane ebalulekile yangasese eyenza ukuphepha kwenethiwekhi kube kuqala. Amabhizinisi aqaphele ukuvikeleka ngokuvamile athatha izinyathelo ezengeziwe zokuvikela amanethiwekhi abo ngaphezu kwalokho abantu abakwenzayo kumanethiwekhi abo ekhaya .
Ukuvimbela amadivaysi angagunyaziwe ekujoyineni inethiwekhi yebhizinisi, izinkampani zisebenzisa izinhlelo zokuphepha zokungena ngemvume eziphakathi. Lokhu kudinga ukuthi abasebenzisi baqinisekise ngokufaka amaphasiwedi ahlolwe ngokumelene nesiqondisi senethiwekhi, futhi angabheka ukulungiswa kwe-hardware nedivayisi ye-software ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ugunyaziwe ukujoyina kwinethiwekhi.
Izisebenzi zeNkampani ziyaziwa ngokuthi zenze izinqumo ezimbi kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwamaphasiwedi, zikhishwa kalula amagama afana ne "password1" futhi "zamukelekile." Ukuze usize ukuvikela inethiwekhi yebhizinisi, abaphathi be-IT bakha imithetho yephasiwedi ukuthi noma iyiphi idivayisi ejoyina yona kumele ilandele. Kanti futhi bafaka amaphasiwedi enethiwekhi abasebenzi babo ukuba aphelelwe isikhathi ngezikhathi, abaphoqele ukuba bashintshe, okuhloswe futhi ukuthuthukisa ukuphepha. Okokugcina, abaphathi ngezinye izikhathi futhi bahlela amanethiwekhi wezihambeli zezivakashi ozisebenzisayo. Amanethiwekhi wezivakashi anika izivakashi ukufinyelela ku-intanethi kanye nolunye ulwazi oluyisisekelo lenkampani ngaphandle kokuvumela uxhumano kumaseva ezinkampani ezibucayi noma kwenye idatha evikelwe .
Amabhizinisi asebenzisa izinhlelo ezengeziwe zokuthuthukisa ukuphepha kwedatha . Izinhlelo zokulondoloza inethiwekhi zithatha njalo futhi zigcinwe ku-archive idatha ebalulekile yebhizinisi kusuka kumadivayisi wenkampani namaseva. Ezinye izinkampani zidinga abasebenzi ukusetha ukuxhumeka kwe-VPN uma usebenzisa amanethiwekhi wangaphakathi we-Wi-Fi, ukuqapha ukuthi idatha ingenwe emoyeni.