Uyini umehluko?
Enye indlela yokuhlukanisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zemiklamo yenethiwekhi yekhompuyutha yilezi zindawo zabo noma izilinganiso zabo. Ngenxa yezizathu zomlando, imboni yokuxhumanisa ibhekisela kuyo yonke inhlobo yokwakha njengokunye uhlobo lwenethiwekhi yendawo . Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zamanethiwekhi wendawo ziyi:
- I-LAN - Inethiwekhi Yendawo Yendawo
- I-WAN - Wide Area Network
- I-WLAN - Inethiwekhi Yendawo Yengenantambo
- I-MAN - Metropolitan Area Network
- Inethiwekhi ye-SAN - Isitoreji, Uhlelo Lokusebenza Lenethiwekhi, Inethiwekhi Yeseva Yaseva, noma ngezinye izikhathi inethiwekhi encane ye-Small Area
- I-CAN - Campus Area Network, Controller Area Network, noma ngezinye izikhathi Cluster Area Network
- I-PAN - Inethiwekhi Yendawo Yomuntu
I-LAN ne-WAN yizigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko futhi eziyaziwa kakhulu zamanethiwekhi wendawo, kuyilapho ezinye zivele ngokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe
Qaphela ukuthi izinhlobo zenethiwekhi ziyahlukahluka ezinhlobonhlobo ze- inethiwekhi (njengebhasi, indandatho nenkanyezi). (Bheka futhi - Isingeniso kumatheksthi enethiwekhi .)
I-LAN: Inethiwekhi Yendawo Yendawo
I- LAN ixhuma amadivaysi enethiwekhi ngaphezu kancanyana. Isakhiwo sehhovisi esinomsebenzi, isikole, noma ikhaya ngokuvamile liqukethe i-LAN eyodwa, nakuba ngezinye izikhathi isakhiwo esisodwa sizoqukatha ama-LAN amancane (mhlawumbe eyodwa egumbini ngalinye), futhi ngezinye izikhathi i-LAN izokhipha iqembu lezikhungo eziseduze. Kuxhumano lwe-TCP / IP, i-LAN ivame kodwa ayisebenzisi ngaso sonke isikhathi njenge- subnet eyodwa ye-IP.
Ngaphezu kokusebenza esikhaleni esilinganiselwe, ama-LAN ajwayelekile, alawulwa futhi alawulwa ngumuntu oyedwa noma inhlangano. Baye bavame ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokuxhumana, ikakhulukazi i- Ethernet ne- Token Ring .
I-WAN: I-Network Wide Area
Njengoba leli gama lisho, i- WAN ibeka ibanga elikhulu ngokomzimba. I-intanethi yi-WAN enkulu kunazo zonke, ivula umhlaba.
I-WAN iyisiqoqo se-LAN esasakazeke endaweni. Idivayisi yenethiwekhi ebizwa ngokuthi router ixhuma ama-LAN ku-WAN. Kwi-inthanethi ye-IP, i-router igcina kokubili ikheli le-LAN nekheli le-WAN.
I-WAN ihlukile ku-LAN ngezindlela ezimbalwa ezibalulekile. Ama-WAN amaningi (njenge-intanethi) ayinayo inhlangano eyodwa kodwa kunalokho ekhona ngaphansi kokubambisana noma ukusabalalisa ubunikazi kanye nokuphathwa. Ama-WAN ajwayele ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obufana ne- ATM , i- Frame Relay ne- X.25 ukuze kuhlanganiswe ngaphezu kwamade amade.
I-LAN, i-WAN ne-Home Networking
Izakhamuzi zivame ukusebenzisa i-LAN eyodwa bese uxhuma kwi-WAN ye- Inthanethi nge- Provider Service Service (ISP) usebenzisa i- modem ebanzi . I-ISP inikeza ikheli le-WAN IP kumodemu, nawo wonke amakhompyutha asebenzisa inethiwekhi yasendlini ye-LAN (okuthiwa ngasese ) amakheli e-IP. Wonke amakhompiyutha e-LAN ekhaya angakwazi ukuxhumana ngqo komunye nomunye kodwa kufanele ahambe ngesango lenethiwekhi eliphakathi, ngokujwayelekile router ebanzi , ukufinyelela i-ISP.
Olunye uhlobo lwezinethiwekhi zendawo
Ngenkathi i-LAN ne-WAN yizinhlobo zenethiwekhi ezidumile kakhulu ezikhulunywe ngazo, ungase futhi ubone okubhekiselwe kwabanye:
- Inethiwekhi yendawo engenazintambo - I-LAN esekelwe ubuchwepheshe bezintambo ezingenazintambo ze-Wi-Fi
- I-Metropolitan Area Network - Inethiwekhi ivula indawo enkulu kunazo zonke kune-LAN kodwa encane kune-WAN, njengedolobha. UMUNTU uqobo ungumnikazi futhi uqhutshwa yinhlangano eyodwa efana nomzimba kahulumeni noma inhlangano enkulu.
- I-Campus Area Network - Inethiwekhi ehlukanisa ama-LAN amaningi kepha amancane kune-MAN, njengeyunivesithi noma yebhizinisi lendawo yebhizinisi.
- Inethiwekhi Yokugcina Isitoreji - Ixhuma amaseva kumadivayisi wokugcina idatha ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obufana neFiber Channel .
- I-Network Area Network (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Cluster Area Network) - Amakhompiyutha aphezulu asebenzisana nezixhumanisi eziphakeme kakhulu ngokucushwa kweqoqo.