I-ATM ingumfanekiso weModi Yokudlulisa I-Asynchronous. Kuyinto ejwayelekile yokuxhumana kwenethiwekhi eyenzelwe ukusekela ukuxhumana kwezwi, ividiyo kanye nedatha, nokuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kanye nekhwalithi yenkonzo (QoS) kumanethiwekhi aphezulu.
I-ATM ivame ukusetshenziswa ngabahlinzeki bezinsizakalo ze-intanethi kumanethiwekhi abo abude obude. I-ATM isebenza ekungqanjeni kokuxhumanisa kwedatha (Isendlalelo 2 kumodeli we- OSI ) ngaphezu kwefayibha noma ikhebula elibili eliphikisayo.
Yize kuqhubeka ukuxhaswa yi-NGN (inethiwekhi yesikhulumi esilandelayo), le protocol ibaluleke kakhulu emhlane we-SONET / SDH, iPSTN (inethiwekhi yocingo yomphakathi) kanye ne-ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network).
Qaphela: I- ATM nayo imele umshini wokutshela ozenzakalelayo . Uma ufuna lolu hlobo lwenethiwekhi ye-ATM (ukubona ukuthi i-ATM ikhona kuphi), ungathola i-ATM Locator noma i-Mastercard's ATM Locator ukuze kube usizo.
Indlela ama-ATM Networks asebenza ngayo
I-ATM ihluke ebuchwepheshe obuningi bokuxhumana kwedatha njengo- Ethernet ngezindlela eziningana.
Ngesinye, i-ATM isebenzisa ukuhamba kwe-zero. Esikhundleni sokusebenzisa isofthiwe, amadivaysi ehadiwe azinikeziwe okuthiwa ama- ATM ashintshanisa ukuxhumana kwephuzu-kuya-iphuzu emkhatsini we-endpoints kanye nokugeleza kwedatha ngqo kusuka emthonjeni kuya endaweni.
Ukwengeza, esikhundleni sokusebenzisa amaphakethe e-variable-variable njenge-Ethernet ne-Protocol Protocol, i-ATM isebenzisa amaseli alinganiselwe ukuze afake idatha. La maseli e-ATM angama- bytes angu- 53 ngobude, afaka phakathi ama-byte angu-48 yedatha kanye nama-byte amahlanu we-header imininingwane.
Iseli ngayinye isetshenzwa ngesikhathi sayo. Uma sekuqedile, inqubo idinga ukuthi iseli elilandelayo lizocubungula. Yingakho ibizwa ngokuthi i- asynchronous ; akekho kubo ohamba ngesikhathi esisodwa ngokuhambisana namanye amaseli.
Ukuxhumeka kungacaciswa kuqala ngumnikezeli wesevisi ukwenza isifunda esizinikezele / esingunaphakade noma ukushintshwa / ukusetha ngokufunwa bese kugqanyulwa ekupheleni kokusetshenziswa kwayo.
Izindleko ezine zamadatha zedatha ngokuvamile zitholakala kumasevisi e-ATM: Izinga lentengo elitholakalayo , isilinganiso seBit Constant, Isilinganiso Esingaqiniseki Semali kanye Nesilinganiso Esincane Semali (VBR) .
Ukusebenza kwe-ATM kuvame ukuboniswa ngesimo se-OC (ama-Optical Carrier), ebhalwe ngokuthi "OC-xxx." Amazinga okusebenza aphezulu njenge-10 Gbps (OC-192) ayenzeka ngokuyi-ATM. Noma kunjalo, okujwayelekile kakhulu kuma-ATM yi-155 Mbps (OC-3) no-622 Mbps (OC-12).
Ngaphandle kokuhamba kanye namaseli asayizi osayizi, amanethiwekhi angakwazi ukuphatha kalula ukuhamba komkhawulo ngaphansi kwe-ATM kunamanye ubuchwepheshe afana ne-Ethernet. Izindleko eziphezulu ze-ATM ezihlobene ne-Ethernet yisici esisodwa esinqunyelwe ukwamukelwa kwayo emhlane kanye nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza eziphezulu, amanethiwekhi akhethekile.
I-ATM engenantambo
Inethiwekhi engenantambo enekhanda le-ATM ibizwa ngokuthi i-ATM yeselula noma i-ATM engenantambo. Lolu hlobo lwenethiwekhi ye-ATM lenzelwe ukunikeza ukuxhumana okusheshayo kweselula.
Njengamanye ubuchwepheshe obungenazintambo, amaseli e-ATM asakazwa esiteshini sesisekelo futhi adluliselwa kumasekhondi eselula lapho inkinobho ye-ATM yenza imisebenzi yokuhamba.
I-VoATM
Enye inqubo ye-data eyithumela amaphakethe wezwi, amavidiyo nedatha ngokusebenzisa inethiwekhi ye-ATM ibizwa ngokuthi i-Voice phezu kweModi Yokudlulisa Okungaxhunyiwe (i-VoATM). Kufana ne- VoIP kodwa ayisebenzisi i-protocol ye-IP futhi iyabiza kakhulu ukusebenzisa.
Loluhlobo lwethrekhi yezwi lufakwe emaphakethe we-AAL1 / AAL2 ATM.