Ukuqhaqhaqhaza nokuqapha kukhona ukuhlaselwa okunonya kumakhompyutha we-computer
Ekuxhumaneni kwekhompuyutha, ukukhwabanisa kunoma yimuphi umzamo wezobuchwepheshe wokuphatha ukuziphatha okujwayelekile kokuxhumana kwenethiwekhi namahlelo axhunyiwe. I-hacker yinoma yimuphi umuntu ohilelekile ekugodleni. Leli gama eliqhamuka phambili libhekisela emisebenzini eyakhayo nehlakaniphile eyayingakahlobene nezezinhlelo zekhompiyutha. Namuhla, noma kunjalo, ukuqhaqhaza nabaduni bavame ukuhlotshaniswa nokuhlaselwa okunonya kwamanethiwekhi nama-computer phezu kwe-intanethi.
Iziqalo Zokuqhaqhaza
Abanjiniyela be-MIT kuma-1950s no-1960 baqala ukuphakamisa igama kanye nomqondo wokukhwabanisa. Ukuqala embukisweni wezitimela ze-model futhi kamuva emakamelweni ekhompiyutha e-mainframe, ama-hacks ayenziwa laba baduni ayehloswe ukuba abe yizivivinyo zobuchwepheshe ezingenabungozi nemisebenzi yokufunda ejabulisayo.
Kamuva, ngaphandle kwe-MIT, abanye baqala ukusebenzisa leli gama emisebenzini ehloniphekile encane. Ngaphambi kokuba i-intanethi ithandwe, isibonelo, abashayeli abaningana base-US bazama izindlela zokushintsha amakholi ngokungemthetho ngakho-ke bangenza izingcingo zamahhala ezide kunethiwekhi yefoni.
Njengoba inethiwekhi yekhompuyutha ne-intanethi yaqhuma ekuthandeni, amanethiwekhi wedatha yaba yikona eliqhelile kakhulu labaduni nokuqhaqha.
Hackers eyaziwa kahle
Abaduni abaningi abadumile emhlabeni baqala ukuxhaphazwa kwabo besencane. Abanye babenecala lobugebengu obukhulu futhi bazinikezwa isikhathi sokuphulwa kwabo. Ngesikweletu sabo, abanye babo baphinde bavuselela futhi baphendulela amakhono abo emisebenzi yokukhiqiza.
Ngalutho usuku luya ngokuthi awuzwa okuthile mayelana ne-hack noma i-hacker ezindabeni. Kodwa-ke, manje, ama-hacks asithinta izigidi zama-computer axhunyiwe kwi-intanethi, futhi abaduni bavamise izigebengu eziyinkimbinkimbi.
Ukuqhaqhazela ngokumelene nokuqapha
Nakuba ukukhwabanisa kweqiniso kwasebenza kuphela kwimisebenzi enenhloso enhle, futhi ukuhlaselwa okunonya kumanethiwekhi ekhompiyutha kwaziwa ngokusemthethweni njengokuqhekeka, abantu abaningi abasawenzi lokhu kuhlukaniswa. Kuyinto evamile kakhulu ukubona igama likaHack yilelo elaligqokwe elisetshenziselwa ukubhekisela emisebenzini kanye kuphela eyaziwa nje ngokuthi ukuphahlazeka.
Izindlela Zokuxhuma Ngokuvamile Zenethiwekhi
Ukugxeka kuma-computer amanethiwekhi ngokuvamile kuvunyelwe ngezikripthi nakwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zenethiwekhi. Lezi zinhlelo ze-software ezenzelwe ngokukhethekile zisebenzise idatha edlula ngokusebenzisa uxhumano lwenethiwekhi ngezindlela ezenzelwe ukuthola ulwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nokuthi uhlelo lwesikhangiso lusebenza kanjani. Izikripthi eziningi ezinjalo zangaphambili zifakwe ku-intanethi kunoma ubani-ngokuvamile abaduni bezinga lokungena-ukusebenzisa. Abaduni abahamba phambili bangacwaninga futhi bashintshe lezi zikripthi ukuthuthukisa izindlela ezintsha. Abaduni abambalwa abanekhono basebenzela amafemu ezentengiselwano, baqashiwe ukuvikela lelo qembu lezinkampani kanye nedatha kusuka ngaphandle kokukhwabanisa.
Amasu okuqhafaza kumanethiwekhi afaka ukudala izibungu , ukuqala ukuhlaselwa kwenkonzo (DoS) nokusetha ukuxhumeka kokufinyelela okude okungavunyelwe kudivayisi. Ukuvikela inethiwekhi namakhompyutha axhunywe kuyo kusuka ku-malware, ukuphanga, ama- Trojans , nokufinyelela okungagunyaziwe kuyisimo sesikhathi esigcwele futhi kubaluleke kakhulu.
Ukukhwabanisa Amakhono
Ukuqapha okuphumelelayo kudinga inhlanganisela yamakhono nobuciko bezobuchwepheshe:
- Ikhono lokusebenza ngezinombolo nezibalo kubalulekile. Ukuqhaqhaza ngokuvamile kudinga ukuhlunga ngemali enkulu yedatha, ikhodi kanye ne-computer ye-algorithms.
- Ukukhumbula okukhumbulayo nokucabangela okunengqondo kuyadingeka ngoba ukugqekeza kuhilela ukuhlanganisa amaqiniso amancane nemininingwane-ngezinye izikhathi kusuka emithonjeni eminingi-ibe uhlelo lokuhlaselwa ngokusekelwe kwendlela yokusebenza kwekhompyutha.
- Ukubekezela. Ama-hack avame ukuba yinkimbinkimbi futhi adinga isikhathi esiningi ukuhlela nokwenza.
Ukuphepha kwe-Cybersecurity
Ukwethembeka kuyisinqumo esibalulekile sokusebenza njengoba umnotho wethu ususelwa ekufinyeleleni kwe-intanethi. Ochwepheshe be-Cybersecurity bazama ukuthola ikhodi enonya futhi bavimbele abaduni ekufinyeleleni amanethiwekhi namakhompyutha. Ngaphandle kokuba usebenze ekusungulweni kwe-cybersecurity, lapho unesizathu esihle sokujwayelana nama-hacks nokuphambuka, kungcono ukuhlola amakhono akho wokuqhaqha. Ukuhlaselwa kwamanethiwekhi namakhompyutha akukho emthethweni, futhi izinhlawulo zinzima.