Iyini Inqubo Ye-Intanethi Eshoyo futhi IP isebenza kanjani?
Izinhlamvu "IP" zimelela i- Inthanethi Protocol . Yisethi yemithetho elawula ukuthi amaphakethe adluliselwa kanjani kunethiwekhi. Yingakho sibona i- "IP" esetshenziswe ngamazwi afana nekheli le-IP ne- VoIP .
Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi akudingeki ukwazi lutho mayelana nokuthi i-IP isho ukuthini ukusebenzisa amadivayisi wenethiwekhi. Isibonelo, i-laptop yakho ne- IP ukusebenzisa amakheli e-IP kodwa akudingeki ukuthi ubhekane nohlangothi lwezobuchwepheshe ukuze usebenze.
Kodwa-ke, sizobe sibhekene nohlangothi lwezobuchwepheshe ukuze sithole ukuqonda ukuthi i-IP empeleni isho nokuthi kanjani nokuthi kuyini ingxenye ebalulekile yokuxhumana kwenethiwekhi.
I-Protocol
I-IP yinkambiso. Ngokusho nje, i-protocol isethi yemithetho elawula ukuthi izinto zisebenza kanjani ubuchwepheshe abathile, ngakho-ke kukhona uhlobo oluthile lokusimamisa. Uma ufakwa kwisimo sokuxhumana senethiwekhi, i-protocol ye-intanethi ichaza ukuthi ama-packet yedatha ahamba kanjani kunethiwekhi.
Uma une-protocol, uqinisekile ukuthi yonke imishini enethiwekhi (noma emhlabeni, uma ifika ku-intanethi), noma ngabe ihlukile kangakanani, ikhulume "ulimi" olufanayo futhi ingahlanganisa kuwo wonke uhlaka.
Iprotocol ye-IP imisa indlela imishini phezu kwe-intanethi noma yinethiwekhi ye-IP phambili noma ukuhambisa amaphakethe abo ngokusuka kwamakheli e-IP.
Ukuhamba nge-IP
Kanye nokukhuluma, ukuhlelwa komunye komunye wemisebenzi esemqoka ye-protocol ye-IP. Ukujikeleza kubandakanya ukudlulisela amaphakethe e-IP kusuka kumthombo kuya kumishini oya kuyo ngenethiwekhi, ngokusekelwe kumakheli abo e-IP.
I-TCP / IP
Lapho imibhangqwana ye- transmission control protocol (TCP) ene-IP, uthola umlawuli wezithuthi zomgwaqo we-intanethi. I-TCP ne-IP basebenzisana ndawonye ukuze badlulise idatha phezu kwe-intanethi, kodwa emazingeni ahlukene.
Njengoba i-IP ayiqinisekisi ukulethwa kwepakethe okunokwethenjelwa kunethiwekhi, i-TCP ithatha inkokhelo yokwenza uxhumano luthembeke.
I-TCP iyi-protocol eqinisekisa ukuthembeka ekudluliseni, okuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho ukulahlekelwa kwamaphakethe, ukuthi amaphakethe alungile, ukuthi ukulibaziseka kulelozinga elamukelekayo, nokuthi akukho ukuphinda kwamaphakethe. Konke lokhu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi idatha eyitholiwe ingaguquguquki, ukuze iphelele, igcwaliseke (ukuze ungayizwa inkulumo ephukile).
Ngesikhathi sokudluliswa kwedatha, i-TCP isebenza ngaphambi kwe-IP. I-TCP inqwaba idatha kumaphakethe we-TCP ngaphambi kokuyithumela ku-IP, okuyikho okuyihlanganisa phakathi kwamaphakethe we-IP.
Amakheli e-IP
Lokhu mhlawumbe ingxenye ethakazelisayo futhi engavamile ye-IP kubasebenzisi abaningi bekhompyutha. Ikheli le-IP likheli eliyingqayizivele elikhomba umshini (okungaba ikhompiyutha, isiphakeli , idivayisi ye-elekthronikhi, i- router , ifoni njll) kwinethiwekhi, ngakho-ke ukukhonza ukuhambisa nokudlulisela amaphakethe we-IP kusuka emthonjeni kuya endaweni.
Ngakho-ke, ngokufingqiwe, i-TCP yidatha ngenkathi i-IP yindawo.
Funda kabanzi kulawa madijithali namachashazi akha ikheli le-IP .
AmaPhakethe we-IP
Ipakethe ye-IP yipakethe yedatha ephethe ukulayisha kwedatha kanye ne-header ye-IP. Noma iyiphi ingxenye yedatha (amaphakethe we-TCP, esimweni senethiwekhi ye-TCP / IP) iphukile ibe yizinkinobho futhi ifakwe kulezi phakethe futhi idluliselwa phezu kwenethiwekhi.
Uma amaphakethe afika lapho aya khona, aphinde ahlanganiswe nedatha yasekuqaleni.
Funda kabanzi ngesakhiwo sepakethe ye-IP lapha .
Uma Izwi Lihlangana Ne-IP
I-VoIP inenzuzo kulobu buchwepheshe obuphathekayo bokuthutha ukusabalalisa amaphakethe wedatha yezwi kuya nasemishinini.
I-IP empeleni i-VoIP idonsela amandla ayo kusuka: amandla okwenza izinto zishibhile futhi ziguquguquke; ngokwenza ukusetshenziswa okuhle kwe-carrier yenethiwekhi kakade.