Igama le-client-server libhekisela kumodeli athandwayo ekuxhumaneni kwekhompyutha esebenzisa kokubili amadivayisi we-hardware amaklayenti namaseva, ngayinye nemisebenzi ethile. Imodeli ye-client-server ingasetshenziswa kwi-Inthanethi kanye namanethiwekhi wendawo (LANs) . Izibonelo zezinhlelo zeklayenti-server kwi-Intanethi zifaka iziphequluli zewebhu kanye namaseva weWeb , amakhasimende we- FTP namaseva, kanye ne- DNS .
Iklayenti neSeva Ikhonstri
Ukuxhumeka kwamakhasimende / iseva kuye kwanda ekudumeni eminyakeni eminingi edlule njengoba amakhompiyutha abo (ama-PC) abe yinto ejwayelekile emakhompyutheni asekudala. Amadivayisi womthengi ngokuvamile ama-PC anezinhlelo zokusebenza zesofthiwe yenethiwekhi efake leso sicelo futhi athola ulwazi ngenethiwekhi. Amadivayisi weselula, kanye namakhompyutha wedeskithophu, angasebenzisa kokubili njengamakhasimende.
Idivayisi yesiphakeli ngokuvamile igcina amafayela kanye nolwazi oluhlanganisa izinhlelo zokusebenza eziyinkimbinkimbi njengezingosi zeWebhu. Amadivayisi wesiphakeli avame ukufaka ama-processor asezingeni eliphezulu, inkumbulo eningi, kanye namashayela wediski amakhulu kunamakhasimende.
Izicelo ze-Client-Server
I-model iklayenti-server ihlela ithrekhi yenethiwekhi nge-application iklayenti kanye nangedivayisi. Amakhasimende enethiwekhi athumela imilayezo kuseva ukwenza izicelo zayo. Amaseva aphendula kumakhasimende abo ngokusebenza ngesicelo ngasinye futhi abuyisele imiphumela. Enye iseva isekela amaklayenti amaningi, futhi amaseva amaningi angaxhunyaniswa ndawonye echibini leseva ukuze abhekane nemithwalo yokukhushulwa okwandisiwe njengoba inani lamaklayenti likhula.
Ikhompiyutha yeklayenti kanye nekhompyutheni ye-server ngokuvamile kuvamise amayunithi amabili ahlukene we-hardware ngayinye eyenziwe ngenhloso yakhe eyenzelwe. Isibonelo, iklayenti leWeb isebenza kahle ngokubonisa isikrini esikhulu, ngenkathi i-Web server ayidingi noma yikuphi ukuboniswa nhlobo futhi ingatholakala kuphi emhlabeni. Kwezinye izimo, noma kunjalo, idivaysi enikeziwe ingasebenza kokubili njengeklayenti kanye nesiphakeli yesicelo esifanayo. Ukwengeza, idivayisi eyiseva yesicelo esisodwa ingenza njengamakhasimende kwamanye amaseva, ngezinhlelo ezahlukene.
Ezinye zezinhlelo ezithandwa kakhulu kwi-intanethi zilandela imodeli yamakhasimende-iseva kuhlanganise ne-imeyili, amasevisi we-FTP kanye neWebhu. Ngamunye wala maklayenti unesibonakaliso somsebenzisi (noma isithombe esivela kumbhalo noma umbhalo) kanye nesicelo sekhasimende evumela ukuthi umsebenzisi axhumeke kumaseva. Endabeni ye-imeyli ne-FTP, abasebenzisi bangena igama lekhompyutha (noma ngezinye izikhathi ikheli le-IP ) ku-interface ukusetha ukuxhumeka kwiseva.
Amanethiwekhi we-Client-Server Network
Amanethiwekhi amaningi asekhaya asebenzisa ama-client-server systems ngesilinganiso esincane. Ama-router Broadband , isibonelo, aqukethe amaseva e- DHCP anika amakheli e- IP kumakhompyutha asekhaya (amaklayenti e-DHCP). Ezinye izinhlobo zamaseva wenethiwekhi atholakele ekhaya zihlanganisa amaseva wokuphrinta namaseva wokulondoloza .
I-Client-Server ngokumelene Nezihlobo Zontanga Nezinye Amamodeli
I-model ye-client-server yokuxhumana yayithuthukiswe ekuqaleni ukwabelana ukufinyelela kwezicelo zesisekelo phakathi kwezinamba ezinkulu zabasebenzisi. Uma kuqhathaniswa nomodeli we- mainframe , inethiwekhi yamakhasimende-iseva inikeza ukuguquguquka kangcono njengoba ukuxhumeka kungenziwa ngokufunwa njengoba kudingeka kunokuba kulungiswe. I-model ye-client-server nayo isekela izinhlelo zokusebenza ezizenzekelayo ukuthi zenze umsebenzi wokudala isofthiwe lula. Kukho okuthiwa ama-two tier nezintathu izinhlobo zezinhlelo zeklayenti-server, izinhlelo zokusebenza zesofthiwe zihlukaniswa zibe izingxenye ze-modular, futhi ingxenye ngayinye efakwe kumakhasimende noma amaseva akhethekile kuleyo subsystem.
I-Client-server iyindlela eyodwa yokuphatha izinhlelo zokusebenza zenethiwekhi. Okunye okuyinhloko kumaklayenti-iseva, ukuxhumana nabantu abathandana nabo , kuthinta wonke amadivaysi njengokuba nelungelo elilinganayo kunamakhasimende akhethiwe noma izindima zeseva. Uma kuqhathaniswa namakhasimende-iseva, ukubuka oxhumana nabo kontanga banikeza izinzuzo ezithile ezifana nokushintshashintsha okungcono ekukhuliseni inethiwekhi ukuphatha inani elikhulu lamaklayenti. Amanethiwekhi e-Client-server ngokuvamile anikeza izinzuzo ngaphezu kwontanga, njengekhono lokuphatha izinhlelo zokusebenza nedatha endaweni eyodwa eyodwa.