Isingeniso kumanethiwekhi angenantambo we-Wi-Fi

I-Wi-Fi ivele njengenqubo ethandwa kakhulu yenethiwekhi ye- wireless yekhulu lama-21. Ngenkathi amanye ama-protocol asezintambo asebenza kangcono ezimweni ezithile, ubuchwepheshe be-Wi-Fi buya amandla amanethiwekhi amaningi ekhaya, amanethiwekhi amaningi wendawo yendawo yebhizinisi namanethiwekhi omphakathi we- hotspot .

Abanye abantu benza iphutha ngokubhala zonke izintambo zokuxhumana ezingenazintambo njenge- "Wi-Fi" uma empeleni i-Wi-Fi ingenye yezobuchwepheshe obungenazintambo eziningi. Bheka - Umhlahlandlela WamaProtocol Okungenantambo Engenantambo .

Umlando nezinhlobo ze-Wi-Fi

Ngama-1980, ubuchwepheshe obwenzelwe ama-cash-registers ebizwa ngokuthi i- WaveLAN yasungulwa futhi yabelwa neqembu le-Institute of Electrical and Electronics (IEEE) elibhekene nezindinganiso zokuxhumana, elaziwa njengekomidi 802. Lolu buchwepheshe luthuthukiswa phakathi nawo-1990 kuze kube yilapho ikomiti ishicilelwe izinga eli-802.11 ngo-1997.

Ifomu lokuqala le-Wi-Fi kusukela kuleso sizinga se-1997 lisekelwa kuphela ukuxhumana okungu-2 Mbps kuphela. Lolu buchwepheshe aluwaziwa ngokusemthethweni njenge- "Wi-Fi" kusukela ekuqaleni; lelo gama lahlanganiswa iminyaka embalwa nje njengoba ukuthandwa kwayo kwanda. Iqembu lezilinganiso zamabhizinisi liye laqhubeka liguqukela izinga kusukela kusukela, okhiqiza umndeni wezinguqulo ezintsha ze-Wi-Fi ezibizwa ngokuthi i-802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n, 802.11ac, nokunye okulandelayo. Ngamunye wala mazinga ahlobene angakwazi ukuxhumana nomunye nomunye, nakuba izinguqulo ezintsha zinikeza ukusebenza okungcono nezici eziningi.

Okunye - Amazinga angu-802.11 we-Wi-Fi Engenantambo Engenantambo

Amamodi we-Wi-Fi Network Operation

I-Wi-Fi Hardware

Ama- router okungaxhunyiwe angenazintambo ngokuvamile asetshenziswa kumanethiwekhi asekhaya asebenza (kanye neminye imisebenzi yawo) njengamaphoyinti okufinyelela e-Wi-Fi. Ngokufanayo, izindawo zokuhlala ze-Wi-Fi zomphakathi zisebenzisa amaphuzu okufinyelela owodwa noma ngaphezulu afakwe ngaphakathi kwendawo yokuhlanganisa.

Ama-radios amancane we-Wi-Fi nama-antenna afakwe ngaphakathi kwe-Smartphones, ama-laptops, amaphrinta, namagajethi amaningi abathengi okubenza bakwazi ukusebenza njengamaklayenti enethiwekhi. Amaphoyinti okufinyelela afakwe ngamagama wenethiwekhi amaklayenti angathola uma kuskena indawo kumanethiwekhi atholakalayo.

Okuningi - Izwe lamaGadi we-Wi-Fi Amanethiwekhi Ekhaya

I-Wi-Fi Hotspots

Ama-Hotspots ayinhlobo lenethiwekhi yendlela yokwakha ingqalasizinda eyenzelwe ukufinyelela komphakathi noma kwe-Internet. Amaphuzu amaningi okufinyeleleka kwe-hotspot asebenzisa amaphakheji ekhethelo e-software wokuphatha ukubhalisa komsebenzisi nokunciphisa ukufinyelela kwe-intanethi ngokufanele.

Okungaphezulu - Isingeniso kuma-Hotspots angenantambo

Izintambo ze-Wi-Fi Network

I-Wi-Fi iqukethe ukulandelana kokuxhumanisa kokuxhumanisa kwedatha ehamba ngaphezu kwanoma yiziphi izixhumanisi eziningana ezehlukene zomzimba kamuva (PHY). Isendlalelo sedatha sisekela uhlelo olukhethekile lwe-Media Access Control (MAC) olusebenzisa amasu okugwema ukulwa (okuthiwa yi-Carrier Sense Multiple Access ne-Avocance Collision noma i- CSMA / CA ukusiza ukuphatha amaklayenti amaningi kwinethiwekhi ekhuluma ngesikhathi esisodwa

I-Wi-Fi isekela umqondo weziteshi ezifana nezethelevishini. Isiteshi ngasinye se-Wi-Fi sisebenzisa ibanga elilodwa lemvamisa ngaphakathi kwama-signal amakhulu amakhulu (2.4 GHz noma 5 GHz). Lokhu kuvumela amanethiwekhi wendawo ukuthi asondelane ngokuxhumana ngaphandle kokuphazamisana. Ama-protocol e-Wi-Fi ahlolisisa ikhwalithi yesignali phakathi kwamadivayisi amabili bese ulungisa izinga lokuxhumeka kwedatha phansi uma kudingeka ukuthi ukwandise ukwethembeka. I-logic edingekayo ye-protocol ishumeke kudivayisi ekhethekile ye- firmware ngaphambilini efakwe ngumenzi.

Okunye - Imininingwane Ewusizo Ngendlela I-Wi-Fi isebenza ngayo

Izinkinga Ezivamile Ngezinethiwekhi Zama-Wi-Fi

Awekho ubuchwepheshe obuphelele, futhi i-Wi-Fi inesabelo sayo sokulinganiselwa. Izinkinga ezivamile abantu ababhekana nazo ngamanethiwekhi we-Wi-Fi zihlanganisa:

• Ukuphepha - Ithrekhi yenethiwekhi ethunyelwe kuwo wonke amanethiwekhi we-Wi-Fi idlula emoyeni ovulekile okwenza kube lula ukuthungwa kubantu abangabazi. Izinhlobo eziningana zobuchwepheshe bokuphepha zengeziwe ku-Wi-Fi eminyakeni edlule ukusiza ukuxazulula le nkinga, nakuba abanye bebenza kangcono kunabanye. Okuningi - Isingeniso ku-Wi-Fi Network Security
• Ukukhathazeka kwezempilo - Abanye abantu bathi ukuvezwa okukhulu kumasakazo enethiwekhi angenawaya njengalabo abavela kumanethiwekhi e-Wi-Fi abangela ukukhanda ikhanda, isisulu sokuhlukunyezwa nezinye izinkinga zomzimba. Abaningi bezimboni baqinisekisa umphakathi ukuthi i-Wi-Fi iphephile, kodwa ukuphikisana kuyaqhubeka njengoba izimangalo zendlela eyodwa noma enye kunzima ukufakazela. Okuningi - Izintambo ezingenantambo kanye nempilo yakho
• Ibanga lesignali - Inethiwekhi eyisisekelo ye-Wi-Fi enephuzu elilodwa lokufinyelela elingenazintambo lifinyelela ezingamamitha ambalwa nje kuphela (100m noma ngaphansi) kunoma iyiphi indlela. Ukwandisa ububanzi benethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi kudinga ukufaka amaphuzu engeziwe wokufinyelela okulungiselelwe ukuxhumana nomunye nomunye, okuba kubizayo futhi kunzima ukusekela, ikakhulukazi ngaphandle. Njengamanye ama-protocols angenantambo, ukuphazamiseka kwesignali (kusuka kwamanye amadivaysi angenantambo, noma ukuvimbela ngokomzimba njengezindonga) kunganciphisa uhla olusebenzayo lwe-Wi-Fi nokuthembela kwalo lonke. Okuningi - Kuyini Uhlobo Oluyingqayizivele lwenethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi?